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101.
Compared with most optimization methods for capacity evaluation, integrating capacity analysis with timetabling can reveal the types of train line plans and operating rules that have a positive influence on improving capacity utilization as well as yielding more accurate analyses. For most capacity analyses and cyclic timetabling methods, the cycle time is a constant (e.g., one or two hours). In this paper, we propose a minimum cycle time calculation (MCTC) model based on the periodic event scheduling problem (PESP) for a given train line plan, which is promising for macroscopic train timetabling and capacity analysis. In accordance with train operating rules, a non-collision constraint and a series of flexible overtaking constraints (FOCs) are constructed based on variations of the original binary variables in the PESP. Because of the complexity of the PESP, an iterative approximation (IA) method for integration with the CPLEX solver is proposed. Finally, two hypothetical cases are considered to analyze railway capacity, and several influencing factors are studied, including train regularity, train speed, line plan specifications (train stops), overtaking and train heterogeneity. The MCTC model and IA method are used to test a real-world case involving the timetable of the Beijing–Shanghai high-speed railway in China. 相似文献
102.
The objective of this study is to provide a strategic evaluation of the mitigation of CO2 emissions via modal substitution of high-speed rail for short-haul air travel on the Sydney–Melbourne, Australia city-pair from a life cycle perspective. It has been demonstrated that when considering CO2 emissions from vehicle operations, the modal shift from air to high-speed rail on this city-pair has the potential to provide a means of CO2 mitigation. However, uncertainty exists with regard to the level of mitigation potential when considering the whole-of-life performance of the systems. Given the significant difference in the infrastructure requirements between the air mode and the high-speed rail mode, this study quantifies the life cycle CO2 load attributable to each system and examines the effect on CO2 mitigation potential. The study concluded that while the inclusion of the linehaul infrastructure did increase the CO2 load associated with high-speed rail mode, it did not equate to or exceed the CO2 load per trip as experienced by the air mode. The avoided annual life cycle CO2 emission in the target year 2056 was 0.37 Mt representing an 18% reduction when compared to the air mode only on the city pair. In fact, the scenario comparison indicated that the substitution of high-speed rail for short-haul air travel on the city pair resulted in CO2 emissions avoidance throughout the longitudinal period. 相似文献
103.
在借鉴和总结国内外汽车产业在生态设计、减量化制造、废旧汽车回收再利用等方面的先进经验基础上,提出了汽车产业实施循环经济的"4R"原则,按产品生命周期的不同阶段分别探讨了实施循环经济的有效途径,并结合我国的实际特点,提出了相关的政策建议。 相似文献
104.
为了探究前轮摆振的影响因素,将运动副间隙处的干摩擦等效到前轮主销处.应用拉格朗日方程建立了3自由度摆振系统模型,并用Matlab对其进行了仿真计算。结果表明,汽车在较大的初始激励下才会激发摆振;较大的干摩擦力矩有利于抑制摆振。 相似文献
105.
寿命周期成本分析方法在桥梁工程中的应用 总被引:12,自引:0,他引:12
桥梁耐久性低、服务寿命短的问题已经严重影响了结构正常服务功能的发挥 ,并给社会造成了巨大的经济负担。文中介绍了寿命周期成本分析的概念及其应用于桥梁工程的发展历程 ,阐述了它的基本原理 ,探讨了桥梁寿命周期成本的构成 ,并给出了进行分析时的计算公式。利用国外的两个例子说明了桥梁全寿命成本分析对于桥梁设计和维护管理的重要性 相似文献
106.
This paper establishes the simulation model of a city bus on the basis of the EQ6110 bus prototype and its experimental data.
According to the actual urban driving cycle, the fuel economy and the traction performance of the EQ6110 city bus have been
simulated, and factors such as the driving cycle, the loss of power to engine accessories, the gear-shifting strategy, the
fuel shut-off strategy of the engine, etc., which influence on the bus’s fuel economy, are also quantitatively analyzed. Some
conclusions are drawn as follows: (1) driving cycles have a great influence on the fuel economy of a city bus; (2) under the
typical urban driving cycle of the public bus in China, the engine fuel shut-off strategy can save about 1 to 1.5 percent
of the fuel consumption; and (3) the optimized gear-shifting rules can save 6.7 percent of the fuel consumption. Experimental
results verify that the fuel economy for the EQ6110 public bus is improved by 7.2 pecent over the actual Wuhan urban driving
cycle of the current public bus in China. 相似文献
107.
根据箱梁预制工艺的要求,模具的周转周期T2通常为3~5 d,而文献[1]中制梁台座规模优化算法仅适合于模具的周转周期T2=1 d的情况。针对文献[1]的局限性,试图通过作图、试算和归纳等一系列工作,找出适用于T2=[1,T1]时计算最优制梁台座数和模具数的通用算法,进一步扩大了算法的适用性。同时,结合文献[1]的工程实例,利用Matlab语言编程验证了改进算法的可行性。 相似文献
108.
为解决信号交叉口运行效率评价方法偏理论化、实用性不强等问题,以出租车、公交车、驾图(车联网)多源GPS轨迹数据为基础,充分利用车辆减速、停车、加速等连续速度变化特征及位置信息,提出交叉口个体车辆排队长度、通行时间、停车次数等交通参数提取技术.基于此,构建以信号交叉口运行指数为一级指标,车辆平均通行时间,第95%分位排队... 相似文献
109.
寒冷地区水泥混凝土路面耐久性退化原因及防治 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
针对我国寒冷地区水泥混凝土路面因耐久性不良而破坏的普遍特征,分析了造成这些破坏的主要原因,并由此提出相应对策。 相似文献
110.