滑动摩擦及轴承间隙必导致齿轮机构的齿轮振动

不计齿间及轴颈与轴承间摩擦的经典渐开线齿轮理论认为，若输入扭矩保持恒定，则齿轮机构运行平稳，不会振动。本文的研究充分表明：尽管齿轮机构的输入扭矩保持不变，然而，由于滑动摩擦及轴承间隙的存在，齿轮必产生振动。本文指出，对于具备足够刚性的齿轮机构而言，降低齿间及轴颈与轴承间滑动摩擦系数并减小轴承间隙是抑制齿轮振动的有效措施。     

浅埋暗挖隧道下穿结构物的施工沉降分祈

以北京地铁奥运支线起点（熊猫环岛站）区间隧道下穿健安桥的设计与施工为背景，分析浅埋暗挖隧道穿越地面结构物施工如何有效地控制沉降，探讨施工时应注意的关键环节和采取的措施，以此作为今后类似工程施工的依据和借鉴。     

船体外板加工成型自动检测方法研究

应用水火弯板智能机器人测量加工后的钢板表面数据,采用Ferguson曲面模拟钢板曲面;借助参数样条曲线、空间坐标转换及误差分析理论,分别对加工后的钢板横向和纵向成型,及扭曲进行计算,以判别船体曲面外板成型状态,并提供未成型钢板二次加工所需的补火位置及补火量等信息.算例表明,该方法可对加工后的钢板成型情况作出符合工程要求的判别.     

不锈钢SUS630疲劳断口分析

高速船舶推进轴系为减轻重量,采用高强度合金材料,目前常使用之材料为不锈钢SUS630。对此材料进行了孔蚀试验及疲劳试验,利用电子扫描显微镜就其疲劳断口进行照相,并针对电子扫描照相所获取的图像进行分析。依据图像显示,当无孔蚀发生时,其疲劳断裂原则上遵循疲劳裂纹初始期、疲劳裂纹成长期及疲劳瞬间断裂期三个阶段;但当有孔蚀发生时,其疲劳断裂阶段即无疲劳裂纹初始期,而直接进入疲劳裂纹成长期及疲劳瞬间断裂期两个阶段。因此,当以断口观察来判断断裂原因时,应特别注意。另由电子扫描照相所获取的图像进行分析推算,得知金属材料常数n、C、与疲劳裂纹扩展常数(da/dN)并非固定的常数,随着试验应力大小而变动,针对不锈钢SUS630材质,当ΔK值介于26至46之间时,对于应力幅值不确定时,建议金属材料常数n值取为3及金属材料常数C值取为4.40×10-15。     

水面舰船作战系统效能评估研究

根据水面舰船作战系统的作战任务和武器通道组织，建立了水面舰船作战系统的ADC（系统可用性、可信性、固有能力）效能评估模型。通过给出的作战任务下武器系统的效能计算公式，实现了对水面舰船作战系统效能进行量化评估。     

Assessment of sea surface temperature observational networks in the Baltic Sea and North Sea

The satellite and in situ Sea Surface Temperature (SST) observational networks in the Baltic Sea and North Sea are evaluated based on the quality of the gridded SST products generated from the networks. A multi-indicator approach is applied in the assessment. It includes evaluation of data quality, effective data coverage, field reconstruction error and model nowcast error. The results show that the best available full-coverage SST product is generated by assimilating the SST observations to obtain a yearly mean model bias of 0.07 °C and RMSE of 0.64 °C. The effective data coverage rate is 31% by using AVHRR (Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer) data from NOAA (National Ocean and Atmosphere Administration) satellites 12, 14 and 16. The data redundancy increases rapidly with the number of infrared sensors. Using either NOAA satellite 12 or all 3 satellites makes a small difference with regard to derived effective coverage and the ocean model nowcast error. The influence of using the in situ SST observations in the SST field reconstruction is negligibly small. Instead, the major role of in situ SST observations is in calibrating the satellite observations. To study the relative importance of data quality and data coverage, an assessment is done for two satellite products: one product is based entirely on NOAA 12 data and has larger coverage but lower quality. The other product is a subset of the SAF products (derived from NOAA 14 and 16) and has lower coverage but higher quality. Based on current monitoring, modelling and assimilation technology, the results suggest that the data quality is an important factor in further improving the quality of the gridded SST products. Recommendations are made for possible further improvements of the existing SST observational networks.     

高铬铸铁抗泥沙磨损性能实验研究

以45钢作为标样,从不同磨损面冲击角对高铬铸铁进行泥沙磨损实验,根据材料性能、磨损实验结果及磨损形貌,分析和对比高铬铸铁和45钢泥沙磨损机理,阐述了高铬铸铁相对耐磨性比较高的原因,为高铬铸铁的抗击泥沙磨损设计提供一定的理论依据。     

近自由表面浅水中水翼超空泡绕流的计算

本文在文献的基础上,对具有自由表面和浅底的水翼超空泡绕流,建立了在映像平面ξ-ψ上考虑重力效应的完整的变分原理。应用这个原理用有限元法能求得稳定收敛的数值结果,为二元水翼具有空泡、充气或遗迹流的水动力学计算开辟了另一新的数值求解的途径。     

水火弯板变形的描述方法

在分析了角变形、线变形描述法和位移场描述法的基础上，提出了水火弯板变形的整体描述法。实验及有限元计算表明，水火弯板的变形非常复杂，一般所用的角变形线变形描述过于简单，不能精确描述水火弯板的变形场。用位移场描述水火弯板的变形又因计算结果的复杂性而难以实现。如果从整体变形角度考虑，水火弯板的变形可以用变形后的上下表面形状、平面内的扭曲变形、沿板宽变化的横向收缩及沿板长变化的纵向收缩全面描述，并可进一步由计算结果得出合适的曲面方程及收缩变形函数。     

Analysis of wheel speed vibrations for road friction classification

ABSTRACT

With higher level of vehicle automation, it becomes increasingly important to know the maximum possible tyre forces during normal driving. An interesting method in this respect is estimating the tyre–road friction from the resonance peak in the wheel speed signal, excited by road roughness. A simulation environment using the MF-Swift tyre model is proposed, which gives insight in the correctness and functioning of this method. From implementing the estimation algorithm and considering the tyre torsional vibration system, it is concluded that frequencies and damping ratios can be estimated with reasonable accuracy and that the trends observed with changing road friction are consistent. Furthermore, the proposed simulation environment gives opportunity to investigate other issues like robustness of the estimation method to road roughness. Additionally, the tyre modelling aspect of the estimation method is analysed and improvements are proposed.