运用二阶摄动方法预测焊接点疲劳微弯裂纹的路径发展

利用二阶摄动方法分析研究了轻微弯曲疲劳裂纹尖端应力强度因子的变化幅度,进一步得到了在循环载荷下直线裂纹微弯延伸尖端应力强度因子变化幅值的近似表达式.以匹配渐进扩张的形式考虑了远区域边界条件的效果,研究了裂尖附近的渐进应力场.利用Irwin公式计算出了由于裂纹发展而引起的应变能释放率变化幅值.预测了在具有非均匀断裂韧度的物质中裂纹的延伸.考虑了循环载荷、残余应力,以及由于焊接而引起的物质衰变等因素,利用了二阶摄动方法预测了沿着焊接点传播的弹脆性裂纹路径.     

Fatigue design for plug/ring type gas welded joints of sts301l including welding residual stresses

This paper presents a fatigue design method for plug and ring type gas welded joints, which incorporates welding residual stress effects. A non-linear finite element analysis (FEA) was first performed to simulate the gas welding process. The numerically predicted residual stresses of the gas welds were then compared to experimental results measured using a hole drilling method. In order to evaluate the fatigue strength of the plug and ring type gas welded joints, a stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R taling the welding residual stress of the gas weld into account was introduced and is based on a modified Goodman equation incorporating the effect of the residual stress. Using the stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R , the ΔP-N _f relations obtained from fatigue tests for plug and ring type gas welded joints having various dimensions and shapes were systematically rearranged into (σ _a ) _R -N _f relations. It was found that the proposed stress amplitude (σ _a ) _R could provide a systematic and reasonable fatigue design criterion for the plug and ring type gas welded joints.     

某公路条带式加筋土挡墙的设计与讨论

加筋土挡墙因其良好的结构性能和低廉造价,在多个行业中应用较广。文章通过对一个条带式加筋土挡墙实例的分析,简要说明加筋土挡墙的设计方法,分析了地震荷载对挡墙稳定性的影响,论述了加筋土挡墙较好的抗震性能。     

Quantitative Analysis of impact of Bicycles on Vehicles in Urban Mixed Traffic

Bicycles create obvious impact on motor vehicles' behavior on urban road especially in China with mixed traffic. These influences can be divided into two states: friction and block interference. Based on the data of interference of bicycles on vehicles' driving in typical road section in Beijing, this paper quantitatively analyzes the velocity changing tendency of vehicles under different interference, velocity distribution frequency, and critical transformation of different interference state. The friction and block interference coefficients are also worked out, which are useful to compare interference degrees under different road conditions. As a result, the research based on sample data shows that the velocity distribution of vehicles has different characteristics under different interference state, and vehicles driving velocities are significantly different under the friction interference and block interference.     

8字结形格栅钢架腹筋力学作用试验研究

在山岭隧道复合式衬砌施工中,格栅钢架被广泛应用。为研究8字结形格栅钢架腹筋的力学作用,采用模型试验方法,设计一系列格栅钢架试件,系统地研究腹筋直径和焊缝长度对格栅钢架的力学作用影响。研究结果表明： 1）随着8字结腹筋直径的减小,喷混凝土格栅钢架极限承载力基本没有降低,但优化指数大幅度增大; 2）对于腹筋直径,只需满足格栅钢架加工、存放、运输和安装过程中主筋架立和固定的要求即可; 3）主腹筋焊缝长度的减小对格栅钢架的承载力基本没有影响,但可以大幅降低格栅钢架的制作成本。     

汽油发动机润滑系统试验研究

发动机润滑系统的设计会影响发动机的燃油经济性,主要介绍了某自主研发42.1％热效率发动机润滑系统设计思路.通过试验研究了润滑系统机油流量,对比分析了不同设计方案对发动机润滑系统的影响以及对发动机倒拖摩擦功的影响.研究表明,通过使用全可变机油泵、低黏度发动机油、油道节流孔、低张力活塞环、合理的机油加注量等方式,能够降低整...     

现场钢轨接触焊作业车的研制

介绍了现场钢轨接触焊作业车的总体设计,并对该车组成设备的选型及设计进行了论述,实际运用考核表明,该车设计合理,满足钢轨现场焊接的要求。     

薄板点焊预压时接触压力的有限元分析

对薄板结构点焊预压阶段进行了弹塑性有限元分析，得到了在锥端和球端两种电极作用下工件-工件界面和电极一工件界面的接触压力分布及工件变形情况：计算结果表明，工件在焊点附近的局部变形符合圣维南原理，但在多焊点柔性大结构的分析中应考虑局部变形的累积效应。预压阶段的分析结果有助于确定后续瞬态多耦合场分析时的初始条件.     

高速动力车转向架构架焊接变形的数值分析研究

高速动力车转向架构架生产过程中的主要问题是如何控制焊接变形。本文基于焊接收缩力法采用有限元分析软件对高速动力车转向架构架总成及各组成梁进行焊接变形预测,根据所得焊接变形的有关数据,确定了焊接工艺设计时的预留变形量与焊接工艺参数等,保证了构架的焊接精度和质量,为控制构架的焊接质量提供了数值方法。     

焊接规范对单组分活性剂A-TIG焊焊缝成形的影响

采用Cr2O3活性剂对1Cr18Ni9Ti不锈钢实施A-TIG焊，改变焊接规范研究焊接电流、焊接速度以及弧长对活性剂作用下的熔深熔宽的影响．结果表明，在弧长为1mm的条件下，焊接电流大于80A时活性剂能显著的提高熔深降低熔宽，焊接弧长小于1．5mm时，活性剂能显著的提高熔深降低熔宽，活性剂的作用使熔深熔宽随焊速的变化缓慢．