Wear simulation for the centre plate arrangement of a freight car

The bodies of many railway freight cars in many countries of the world are coupled to the running gear by means of a body centre plate that makes a friction pair with a centre bowl. During motion, the bogie is rotated and moved with respect to the car body. This leads to wear on the contact surfaces. Lubrication is inexpedient in this case because the friction forces damp the vibrations (so-called bogie hunting) during motion. Usually, centre plates exhibit noticeable wear after two years of operation. Reducing wear requires knowing details of the wear process which, in turn, requires computer simulation of freight car motion for an operation period of 10–15 years. The purpose of this paper is to develop a universal method for wear simulation of friction pairs that could be used, in particular, for the centre plate of a freight car.     

机车车辆焊接结构疲劳分析关键问题研究

为确保铁道机车车辆各焊接承载部件在整个寿命期间安全可靠,在分析国际上对动态承载焊接结构疲劳研究的基础上,提出机车车辆焊接部件疲劳分析应明确的各类关键问题.主要包括焊接结构的疲劳特征、应力分析原则和应力谱的确定、疲劳评定方法和强度数据的选取、累积损伤准则的实际应用及多轴疲劳的处理方法等.疲劳理论经典算法表明,上述关键问题的较好解决将有助于大幅地提高疲劳分析精度,将其应用于结构设计可保证焊接承载部件具有足够的疲劳强度.     

直线电机车辆牵引电机恒隙控制的初步研究

直线电机轨道车辆采用直线感应电机牵引、轮轨系统支撑导向,是一种新型城市轨道交通工具。本文介绍了直线电机的原理,对加拿大、日本以及广州4号线的直线电机车辆的不同牵引电机悬挂方式进行了对比分析,提出了在牵引电机悬挂系统中采用主动控制的恒隙技术的初步设想。     

密接式车钩弹塑性有限元分析

对引进的日本某公司的密接式车钩相互作用原理及接触关系进行了分析,对密接式前端车钩和中间车钩建立了非线性有限元模型。根据这2种车钩的拉、压静强度计算结果及车钩的受力状态,详细分析了2种工况下车钩钩体薄弱部位的应力应变水平及产生原因,为车钩结构改进设计提供了参考依据。     

槽型轨道清洁车行进速度和滚刷转速关系研究

针对现代有轨电车轨道清洁的需求、国内外清洁车发展现状以及槽型轨的特殊结构,介绍一款多功能槽型轨道清洁车,简要介绍清洁车的结构组成和工作原理。建立清洁车行进速度和滚刷最小转速的数学模型,并通过虚拟样机的方法,以块状颗粒模拟污物,对3种清洁车行进速度和其相应的最小滚刷转速,进行滚刷对污物的清扫仿真实验,并分析滚刷转速和清洁车行进速度2个因子的影响。实验证明,使用该数学模型可以使滚刷转速和清洁车行进速度相匹配,当清洁车行进速度在14~30 km/h,滚刷转速n在100 r/min以上时,颗粒抛射高度较高,对槽型轨清洁效果较好。     

Method for obtaining the wheel–rail contact location and its application to the normal problem calculation through ‘CONTACT’

This work presents a robust methodology for calculating inter-penetration areas between railway wheel and rail surfaces, the profiles of which are defined by a series of points. The method allows general three-dimensional displacements of the wheelset to be considered, and its characteristics make it especially suitable for dynamic simulations where the wheel–rail contact is assumed to be flexible. The technique is based on the discretisation of the geometries of the surfaces in contact, considering the wheel as a set of truncated cones and the rail as points. By means of this approach, it is possible to reduce the problem to the calculation of the intersections between cones and lines, the solution for which has a closed-form expression. The method has been used in conjunction with the CONTACT algorithm in order to solve the static normal contact problem when the lateral displacement of the wheelset, its yaw angle and the vertical force applied in the wheelset centroid are prescribed. The results consist of smooth functions when the dependent coordinates are represented as a function of the independent ones, lacking the jump discontinuities that are present when a rigid contact model is adopted. Example results are shown and assessed for the normal contact problem for different lateral and yaw positions of the wheelset on the track.     

无接触智能IC卡在收费系统中的应用

探讨将智能 IC卡、射频识别技术、计算机技术三者相结合 ,应用于城市交通或高等级公路的不停车收费系统模型 ,以适应不断增长的交通运营管理的需求。     

A model for prediction of the transient rolling resistance of tyres based on inner-liner temperatures

Measurements of rolling resistance in thermal equilibrium of a tyre, like measurements according to ISO 28580, do not allow statements about rolling resistances under other driving conditions. Such statements, however, are necessary to determine the energy consumption in driving cycles. Especially for the proper calculation of electric-vehicle remaining ranges and the selection of the respective driving strategies, the real amount of energy consumption is required. This paper presents a model approach, which by means of only one standardised rolling resistance measurement can be parameterised and, considering the present driving speed and tyre temperature, can predict the respective current rolling resistance.     

波浪中船舶结构惯性力及在数值分析中加载方法研究

用传统与规范方法系统地分析波浪中船舶惯性力的计算,通过比较总结出两种方法的优缺点,传统方法较适合于手工粗略计算,而规范方法更适合于有限元分析平台上的复杂结构计算。同时对ANSYS结构分析中船舶惯性力的加载方法进行探讨,将传统方法和角加速度加载方法作对比,分析和实际计算得出两种方法计算结果基本一致,但角加速度加载方法更为简单直接,避免了许多繁琐的过程。     

安庆长江铁路大桥3号桥塔墩钢护筒群施工技术

安庆长江铁路大桥为双塔钢桁梁斜拉桥,其3号桥塔墩为大直径深水钻孔桩基础,采用钢围堰法施工。由于墩位处河床覆盖层厚不足1m,钢套箱围堰下沉着床后,河床基本冲刷为光板岩,为解决钻孔桩钢护筒的安装及定位问题,除中心钢护筒直接下沉安装外,其余36根钢护筒按区域分为A、B、C三类5组分批整体制造安装。护筒群A、B在码头上整体制造组拼后船运至墩位,利用浮吊整体下放后悬挂在围堰上,利用悬挂系统及导向槽结构调整并精确定位;护筒群C随围堰底节一同下沉着床。全部护筒安装定位后,在护筒内填砂堵漏、分层浇注水下封底混凝土以预埋固定钢护筒,最后进行钻孔桩施工。