基于传统动力源的重型商用车减碳技术

在全球能源危机和温室效应加剧的大环境下,中国向世界承诺减碳目标：2030年前力争实现碳达峰,2060年前力争实现碳中和。作为节能减排的重点,重型商用车的减碳成效是“双碳”征程中的关键。重点介绍基于传统动力源的重型商用车减碳技术,包括内燃机燃烧、低摩擦、智能变速、轻量化、混合动力等技术在内的动力总成领域,以及包括天然气、含氧燃料、氢氨燃料在内的先进燃料领域。通过不同领域的技术发展以及优势互补,更加高效、低碳、清洁的内燃机仍将在重型商用车领域持续发挥重要作用。     

BIM全生命周期管理平台三维引擎选型研究

随着BIM技术的不断发展,对BIM技术应用要求已不局限于模型及基于模型的应用,BIM模型承载信息并基于BIM平台实现可视化、信息化管理已成迫切需求。全生命周期管理平台是BIM应用的重要一环,三维引擎是BIM平台的核心,结合某BIM全生命周期管理平台的研发与项目实施案例,选择适合的三维引擎。研究结果表明,WebGL三维引擎在驱动性、可扩展性、发展趋势、环境配置方便、稳定性、应用前景、完整性、独立性、高隐藏性、三维效果、模型承载方面均表现优秀,且符合未来互联网+、云服务、移动端应用发展的技术趋势。     

Adapting the shipping sector to stricter emissions regulations: Fuel switching or installing a scrubber?

This paper examines how the existing fleet in the shipping industry can be adapted to the new emission regulations through the two main techniques that currently exist: (a) the use of low-sulphur marine diesels; and (b) the installation of scrubbers. A method is presented here for drawing up an economic assessment of both these techniques under uncertainty. It enables the best option to be selected at any given time taking into account fuel prices (spot and futures), scrubber installation costs, the time that the vessel operates in an Emission Control Area (ECA) and the remaining useful lifetime of the vessel. The paper also considers the possibility of an unexpected change from a non-ECA navigation area to an ECA. The assessment is carried out in a manner consistent with marine diesel and crude oil spot and futures market quotes. Our results show the net present value of investing in the installation of scrubbers and investing in changing fuel types for different assumptions on how vessels are operated. We also analyse increases in fuel consumption and CO₂ emissions as a consequence of using scrubbers and how they affects the financial analysis if such incremental emissions must be paid under a CO₂ pricing mechanism.     

Research and design of ship-shore integrated engine room intelligent operation and maintenance system based on data brain北大核心CSCD

[目的]为提升舰船机舱运维的智能化水平,针对机舱设备种类多、数量大、耦合关系复杂等特点,梳理机舱运维智能化应用的技术路线,开发船岸一体化机舱智能运维系统。[方法]首先,分析国内外机舱智能运维技术的发展趋势,融合利用健康管理、大数据挖掘、数字孪生、数据轻量化传输等技术优势;然后,设计符合舰船机舱特点的一体化智能运维系统。[结果]提出了一种基于数据大脑赋能的机舱智能运维系统功能框架、平台设计、运行体系、运行流程及关键技术应用。[结论]研究成果可为舰船机舱智能运维系统设计及应用实践提供参考。     

Development a new power management strategy for power split hybrid electric vehicles

Reduction of greenhouse gas emission and fuel consumption as one of the main goals of automotive industry leading to the development hybrid vehicles. The objective of this paper is to investigate the energy management system and control strategies effect on fuel consumption, air pollution and performance of hybrid vehicles in various driving cycles. In order to simulate the hybrid vehicle, the combined feedback–feedforward architecture of the power-split hybrid electric vehicle based on Toyota Prius configuration is modeled, together with necessary dynamic features of subsystem or components in ADVISOR. Multi input fuzzy logic controller developed for energy management controller to improve the fuel economy of a power-split hybrid electric vehicle with contrast to conventional Toyota Prius Hybrid rule-based controller. Then, effects of battery’s initial state of charge, driving cycles and road grade investigated on hybrid vehicle performance to evaluate fuel consumption and pollution emissions. The simulation results represent the effectiveness and applicability of the proposed control strategy. Also, results indicate that proposed controller is reduced fuel consumption in real and modal driving cycles about 21% and 6% respectively.     

基于AFSA优化的支持向量机柴油机性能预测模型

电控高压共轨技术的采用使得船用柴油机性能及排放具有了更大的优化空间，但同时柴油机控制参数增多使得柴油机性能的预测变得更为复杂。为了建立精确的柴油机性能预测模型，利用回归支持向量机，通过对实验数据的学习以获得预测模型。支持向量机的预测精度会因其参数的选择出现一定的差异，所以需要对支持向量机参数选择进行研究和优化。以某型船用高速大功率电控高压共轨柴油机为研究对象，建立支持向量机预测模型，分析其预测性能受参数选择的影响，并利用人工鱼群算法对其进行优化。结果表明，基于人工鱼群算法优化的回归支持向量机能够建立精度较高的柴油机性能预测模型，且人工鱼群算法具有很好的寻优性能。     

二次进气预膨胀涡轮增压系统

文中介绍了二次进气预膨胀涡轮增压系统，该系统能降低燃油消耗率、机械负荷和热负荷，曾在6PA6L280柴油机上进行了性能模拟及试验研究，试验结果与理论预测很一致。若涡轮增压器总效率大于65％时，该系统能回收剩余废气功而不用动力涡轮，在结构上也大大简化，可减少不用动力涡轮系统的附加投资。为了验证这一特性，对6MANL58／64柴油机进行了模拟计算，与一般增压系统比较，结果令人鼓舞。     

机车柴油机气缸内摩擦副的匹配研究

针对国产主型机车柴油机缸内摩擦副配合使用寿命短、特别是活塞第一环槽副磨耗快,这一制约机车延长中修周期的主要因素,以缸内摩擦副整体匹配的概念,在合理改进活塞环及环槽结构的基础上,采用活塞顶整体氮化,并以软氮化缸套匹配3mm球铁镀铬桶形环的摩擦副配合形式,进行了装车运用试验。结果表明,新匹配的摩擦副装车运用30万km后,其使用寿命预计可达60万km以上,满足内燃机车一个中修、一个大修的修程要求。     

容积式船用柴油机油耗仪的研制

本文介绍了一种采用容法计量的船用柴油机燃油消耗仪的结构及工作原理，并对测控单元进行了重点介绍。     

摆盘机水下排气噪声的研究

本文对摆盘式发动机气液脉动两相流水下排气噪声的形成过程和影响因素进行了理论和实验研究，给出了控制水下排气噪声的主要技术途径，并进行了初步实验验证。