93.5m打桩船设计研究

在20世纪,我国的打桩船均在内河和港内作业,船型小、功能低,21世纪初,随着我国海洋工程的发展,大型海上作业必须配备超大型打桩船。93.5m打桩船能打直径3m、主桩重120t的大型钢桩,该船为非自航箱型船,能抗7级风(蒲氏风级)、水流速≤0.3m/s、有义波高H1/3=0.8 m。设计过程中,研究了该船的主尺度、线型、不同工况稳性校核、船体结构、移船定位、锚泊设备、桩架受力分析和结构设计,并进行了耐波性和不同环境条件的锚系泊受力分析,经总体设计,在结合专家评审方案设计的基础上,完成施工设计并建造成功。该打桩船以优异的作业性能受到用户青睐。     

船舶整体装潢设计研究

论述了船舶整体装潢设计目前的发展现状、设计内容与特点,以及未来发展提高的方向,指出了船舶整体装潢设计是个大系统工程,牵涉到船舶工程设计与施工的方方面面,只有在保证全船总体性能的前提下,将船舶装潢与结构、暖通、照明、防火、隔音、减振等技术结合起来进行综合优化设计,才能获得较好的设计结果,使得船舶的整体装潢设计美观、居住舒适而建造维护成本低廉。做好全船整体装潢设计的关键是首先必须建立合理的总体规划,再结合船舶内装潢设计和外装潢设计的不同特点进行具体有效的设计。     

通识教育视域下大学英语隐性课程的建设

大学英语通识教育课程的设置在强调显性英语课程学习的基础上,应注重隐性课程的建构,以学生的人文素质培养为发展方向,把握英语隐性课程所传递的隐性文化知识内涵,使学生在英语语言学习中提高人文素养,拓宽视野,全面发展。     

高速公路服务设施合理规模与布局原则

为合理布局未来的高速公路服务设施,调整改造现有服务设施的布局结构及规模水平,适应未来交通运输的发展,对服务设施布局和规模进行科学和系统的研究是十分必要的.分析我国高速公路服务设施建设中存在的主要问题,阐述服务设施的属性定位和分类,提出了高速公路服务设施在路网上的合理规模和总体布局原则.     

高职院校基于大类招生的专业分流的实践研究

目前，我国有相当一部分高职院校采用大类招生培养模式，但此种方式尚不成熟与完善，专业分流是其中的一个难题。笔者以某国家级示范职业技术学院为例，研究了专业分流实践中存在的问题并进行了原因解析，提出了改进的若干建议。高职院校大类招生培养模式只有正视这些问题并采取措施积极应对，方能确保专业分流实践有序开展，达到预期效果。     

新编《铁路信号工程预算定额》概况及分析

对新编《铁路信号工程预算定额》从结构编排、定额内容、施工工艺、费用及其他5个方面做了详细介绍，同时提出使用中应注意定额子目的应用要与工程实际相符、工程量不能重复计列、要掌握设备价的内涵等3个方面问题。此文旨在给读者正确理解和使用“新定额”提供帮助。     

基于国内活塞行业标准的词汇汉译英研究

随着国家标准外文版工作的开展,更好的发挥了标准在贸易和技术交流方面的作用,但同时,在外文版标准制订过程中也凸显出了很多困难和问题。作者着重从翻译实践入手,首先阐明了国内活塞行业标准汉译英问题产生的原因。其次,重点阐述活塞行业标准英译过程中出现的通用技术词语翻译难点、特定技术词语翻译难点。接着提出了具体的应对策略,即:研习国外内燃机及活塞规范、标准及期刊论文;借助TRADOS翻译软件搭建活塞行业标准双语平行语料库。     

Resistance torque control for steer-by-wire system to improve human–machine interface

A steer-by-wire system, which has no mechanical constraints between steering wheel and front wheel, is expected to improve steering performance. The mechanical resistance torque is not transmitted from the front wheel to the steering wheel, and it is essential to simulate the torque around the steering wheel for better human-machine interface. Previous studies investigated resistance torque control originating from vehicle behaviour variables such as yaw rate and lateral acceleration. However, other variables such as steering wheel angle and front wheel actuation force are also good candidate sources to generate resistance torque. In this paper, first, four general guidelines are introduced to evaluate three types of resistance torques, i.e., the steering wheel angle origin, the steering force origin and the vehicle behaviour origin. First two guidelines are for ‘driver-made’ phase to make a turn, while the third guideline is for ‘vehicle-made’ phase to return to straight driving and the fourth one is the applicability guideline. Satisfaction of these guidelines by each of the three resistance torques is examined by the actual vehicle experiment. A necessity of combining these three types of resistance torques is indicated as a future subject.     

Using the SKAGEX dataset for evaluation of ocean model skills

Numerical ocean models are now being applied in numerous oceanographic studies. However, the qualities of the model results are often uncertain and there is a great need for standards and procedures for evaluation of the skills of numerical general circulation models. In this paper measurements from repeated hydrographical sections across Skagerrak taken in 1990, the SKAGEX dataset, are used to evaluate the skills of two σ-coordinate ocean models and to study the sensitivity of these models to model parameters. A methodology for quantification of model skills based on observations from repeated hydrographical sections in general is suggested. Area averages of absolute differences are for Skagerrak completely dominated by the discrepancies in the upper few meters of the ocean and may not be used to assess models' abilities to reproduce the fields in the larger and deeper part of the ocean. Therefore, discrepancies between average values in time from the observed fields and time averaged values from model outputs are related to the natural variability of the fields. The numbers produced with the suggested measure are relative numbers that will be specific for each section and for each series of observation. Ideally we would therefore like to see the measures computed for a number of sections for various models and choices of model parameters in order to assess model skills. The value of the SKAGEX dataset as a tool for model improvements is demonstrated. Evidence to support the importance of applying non-oscillatory, gradient preserving advection schemes in areas with sharp density fronts is given. The method is used to identify that the forcing/initial values/boundary values for the temperature field are inferior to the corresponding values for the salinity field. With the present coarse resolution, 11 layers in the vertical, it is shown that it is far from obvious that the quality of the model results improve when replacing simple Richardson number formulations for vertical mixing processes with higher order turbulence closure in the Skagerrak area.     

北京城市道路交通建设与发展

本文从北京市城市道路交通建设发展的四个阶段 ,遇到的一些重要的建设课题以及当前和今后的建设重点三个方面 ,介绍了北京市城市道路交通建设与发展的概况