用GPS技术建立城市测量控制网的试验研究

本文以广德ＧＰＳ网为试验对象，对于中等精度ＧＰＳ测量的建网方法、基线向量的解算、卫星网与地面网的配置等问题进行了研究，取得了对生产实践有益的结论。     

Engine mount optimisation for vibration isolation in motorcycles

This paper presents a comprehensive model to capture the in-plane dynamics of a motorcycle system to evaluate the quality of its vibration isolation, and the design of an engine mount system. The model consists of two main structural components, the frame and the swing-arm, as well as the power-train assembly, engine mounts connecting the power-train to the frame, and the front-end assembly. The model accounts for frame and swing-arm flexibility using reduced order finite-element models. The power-train assembly is modelled as a rigid body connected to the frame through the engine mounts and to the swing-arm through a shaft assembly. The engine mounts are modelled as tri-axial spring-damper systems, and the front-end assembly is modelled as a lumped mass. The complete vehicle model is used to solve the engine mount optimisation problem, so as to minimise the total force transmitted to the frame while meeting packaging and other constraints. The mount system parameters – stiffness, position and orientation vectors – are used as design variables for the optimisation problem. The imposed loads include forces and moments due to engine imbalance as well as loads transmitted due to high amplitude, low frequency bump loads, through the tyre patch. Since packaging constraints play a significant role in a motorcycle layout, it is, therefore, important to determine the displacement envelope of the power-train under extreme loading conditions to ensure clearance with other components around the power-train. A motorcycle mount system should ideally be able to isolate the frame under steady-state loading conditions and at the same time limit the maximum excursion of the power-train under transient loading conditions.     

Optimisation of railway crossing geometry considering a representative set of wheel profiles

A numerical method for robust geometry optimisation of railway crossings is presented. The robustness is achieved by optimising the crossing geometry for a representative set of wheel profiles. As a basis for the optimisation, a crossing geometry is created where rail cross-sectional profiles and longitudinal height profiles of both wing rails and crossing nose are parameterised. Based on the approximation that the two problems are decoupled, separate optimisations are performed for the cross-sectional rail profiles and the longitudinal height profiles. The rail cross sections are optimised to minimise the maximum Hertzian wheel–rail contact pressure. The longitudinal height profiles are optimised to minimise the accumulated damage in the wing rail to crossing nose transition zone. The accumulated damage is approximated using an objective criterion that accounts for the angle of the wheel trajectory reversal during the transition from the wing rail to the crossing nose as well as the distribution of transition points for the utilised wheel profile set. It is found that small nonlinear height deviations from a linear longitudinal wing rail profile in the transition zone can reduce the objective compared to the nominal design. It is further demonstrated that the variation in wheel profile shapes, lateral wheel displacements and the feasible transition zone length of the crossing will determine the longitudinal height profiles of the wing rail and crossing nose if all wheel profiles are to make their transition within the transition zone.     

加筋桩承式路堤的三维土拱效应分析与试验验证

为真实反映加筋桩承式路堤的土拱效应,采用三维球形土拱假设,建立了一种路堤荷载和均布荷载共同作用下的土拱效应分析方法。基于Hewlett土拱分析方法推导了无加筋体时路堤荷载和均布荷载作用下的桩土荷载分担表达式;对于加筋桩承式路堤,依据桩帽顶部加筋体沉降的特征,将加筋桩承式路堤分为2个部分,采用不同的沉降假设分别建立其竖向平衡方程,求得桩帽顶面和桩间土表面对加筋体的支撑力;通过离心模型试验和现场实测结果进行对比验证,采用参数分析法对影响土拱效应的主要因素进行等级评价。结果表明：加筋体抗拉强度对桩土应力比以及加筋体拉力均具有很高的影响等级,研究结果能够为分区域铺设加筋体提供理论依据。     

QFD与Sobol’法在武器装备需求分析中的应用

针对传统武器装备需求分析方法不能将武器装备使用需求合理地映射到武器装备性能指标需求的问题,文章提出了一种基于质量功能展开（QFD）和Sobol’法相结合的武器装备需求分析方法,并给出了该方法的实现过程。该方法有助于武器装备需求论证人员在需求分析中,加深对装备需求的理解,此外Sobol’法的引入对QFD质量屋的关系矩阵进行了定量构造,避免了关系矩阵由经验专家直接给出所造成的主观性,提高了QFD方法应用结果的准确性。     

具有反应扩散的神经网络的稳定性分析

通过构造适当的平均Luapunov函数，利用M矩阵理论，研究了一类具有反应扩散的Hopfield神经网络的全局稳定性．在放松神经网络的激活函数的有界性、单调递增性和可微性的条件下，得到了神经网络的全局渐近稳定的条件．这些条件适合于神经网络的关联矩阵为对称或非对称矩阵、激活函数为非单调的情况．     

地球系统科学及其在全球环境研究中的应用

首先论述了地球系统科学的含义，随后 探讨了地球系统科学的产生背景及概念，并概要地介绍了地球系统科学的应用领域。强调了从定性到定量的综合集成法应用地球系统科学研究全球环境变化的重要方法，论述了可持续发展与环境变化中的关系。最后，着重论述了地球系统科学在全球环境变化中的应用前景及意义。     

求解高次方程的一个异步并行迭代算法

用高次方程正项分解方法，将求解实系数高次方程非零实数根的问题，转化成求解两单调上升凹函数在平面直角系第一象限内交点横坐标的等价问题；给出了基于共享存储多指令流多数据流(MIMD)并行计算模型求解任意实系数高次方程全部实数根的大范围收敛性异步并行迭代算法，并分析了算法计算的复杂程度。     

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国际上最新发展起来的全球价值链理论，为研究当前经济全球化过程中发展中国家如何参与经济全球化并在其中实现产业升级，提供了有用的分析工具和方法。本文对嵌入全球价值链的电子信息产业链以及全球价值链下的电子信息产业升级等诸多方面进行了概括性探讨，分析了不同产业升级方式下的一些内在行为和外在表现。最后，基于我国在全球电子信息产业价值链中的地位，提出了全球价值链下的我国电子信息产业升级战略的政策与建议。