快速路型式的选择探析

通过对快速路型式及适用范围进行深入阐述,并结合国内案例,分析盐城市快速路型式的设计思路和方案,对于其他快速路型式的选择具有一定的借鉴意义。     

Theoretical and experimental excitation force spectra for railway-induced ground vibration: vehicle–track–soil interaction,irregularities and soil measurements

Excitation force spectra are necessary for a realistic prediction of railway-induced ground vibration. The excitation forces cause the ground vibration and they are themselves a result of irregularities passed by the train. The methods of the related analyses – the wavenumber integration for the wave propagation in homogeneous or layered soils, the combined finite-element boundary-element method for the vehicle–track–soil interaction – have already been presented and are the base for the advanced topic of this contribution. This contribution determines excitation force spectra of railway traffic by two completely different methods. The forward analysis starts with vehicle, track and soil irregularities, which are taken from literature and axle-box measurements, calculates the vehicle–track interaction and gets theoretical force spectra as the result. The second method is a backward analysis from the measured ground vibration of railway traffic. A calculated or measured transfer function of the soil is used to determine the excitation force spectrum of the train. A number of measurements of different soils and different trains with different speeds are analysed in that way. Forward and backward analysis yield the same approximate force spectra with values around 1 kN for each axle and third of octave.     

A model for prediction of the transient rolling resistance of tyres based on inner-liner temperatures

Measurements of rolling resistance in thermal equilibrium of a tyre, like measurements according to ISO 28580, do not allow statements about rolling resistances under other driving conditions. Such statements, however, are necessary to determine the energy consumption in driving cycles. Especially for the proper calculation of electric-vehicle remaining ranges and the selection of the respective driving strategies, the real amount of energy consumption is required. This paper presents a model approach, which by means of only one standardised rolling resistance measurement can be parameterised and, considering the present driving speed and tyre temperature, can predict the respective current rolling resistance.     

复杂地段96m双线钢桁架梁顶推施工技术

介绍了京津城际轨道交通工程改京山线96 m双线简支钢桁架梁跨越北京市二环路顶推施工技术,该桥施工时因地制宜,充分利用二环路的辅路空间以尽量减小顶推跨度,上滑道采取间断式布置,下滑道采用不连续多段长滑道,用八三式军用墩器材搭设临时墩,并在主梁前方加设长导梁,顺利完成了钢桁梁顶推架设。另外还介绍了在顶推和落梁过程中应该注意的问题。     

全回转导管桨水动力干扰数值预报与分析

为探明串列全回转导管桨水动力干扰问题,基于粘流理论,采用滑移网格方法,开展了均匀来流下两个串列桨在不同偏转角度下水动力性能的数值预报研究,定量分析了不同偏转角度下,上游桨对下游桨水动力的影响,重点关注不同偏转角度时下游桨推力、功率损失及叶片负载的脉动无序性。研究结果表明,在上游桨尾流影响下,上游桨无偏转角度时,下游桨推力损失约70%,上游桨偏转10度时,下游桨推力损失约15%。本文研究结果对动力定位系统控制策略具有指导意义。     

真空预压新技术加固吹填超软土的现场试验研究

针对沿海吹填超软土特性,通过广东惠州荃湾港区现场试验,采用真空预压新技术加固吹填超软土,包括新型超软土浅层预处理技术、新型高效节能抽真空技术、新型防淤堵塑料排水板技术等。试验区分别通过浅层预处理和真空联合堆载预压深层处理试验评价真空预压新技术加固吹填超软土的效果。根据加固前后现场监测与检测结果,从真空度、沉降量、孔隙水压力、十字板剪切试验、静力触探试验和室内土工试验成果等指标分析吹填超软土加固效果,证实真空预压新技术在沿海吹填超软土地基处理中具有良好的加固效果及经济性。     

中欧美强夯法地基处理对比

针对目前广泛遇到的海外港口建设工程中强夯设计参数选择和强夯施工监测等问题,详细对比分析了中、欧、美规范和手册中强夯法适合土类、设计参数和施工监控等。对比发现,中、欧、美规范和手册关于强夯法最大的不同之处在于设计理念,欧、美广泛采用能量法设计施工参数,而中国则通过强夯后的加固效果指导施工参数的选择。     

筏板基础与地基共同作用体系可靠性分析初探

为对筏板基础与地基共同作用体系可靠性分析进行探讨,建立了共同体系的计算公式。通过算例介绍了可靠性分析的计算过程,据此可进一步分析各种因素对可靠性的影响,为工程设计提供理论依据,也是后续进一步要做的工作。     

排气消声器的传声损失试验研究

汽车NVH作为衡量汽车性能的指标之一,其重要性日益显现。为降低汽车整体噪声,排气噪声作为汽车主要噪声源之一,要优先被考虑。对某型汽车的消声器静态传声损失进行测试与评价,针对其低频性能低的特点,提出改进措施,并对改进后的消声器进行测试。对比两种消声器的试验结果,表明改进后在低频的传声损失更高,平均传声损失更高,达到了预期效果。     

某车排气系统性能的数值模拟及优化研究

为提高某车发动机排气系统的消声量,建立该排气系统的有限元模型,采用三维有限元方法对该排气系统进行声学性能仿真分析,绘制传递损失曲线,发现该排气系统在试验测得的排气噪声频谱能量较高的频段消声量较小,消声性能有待改善.运用流体动力学计算软件fluent对排气系统的流场特性进行分析预测,获得压力损失预测值,以及内部流场的流速...