车辆变刚度弹簧组的"当量挠度法"疲劳试验方法研究

依据车辆承载弹簧的实际运用状态,提出采用"当量挠度法"对转向架变刚度弹簧组进行疲劳试验,以货车转8G、转K2和转K4型新型转向架为研究对象进行了理论分析,并确定了试验参数。研究结果和建议可供设计部门制定产品技术要求,主管部门修订相关标准时参考。     

Optimized design for a MacPherson strut suspension with side load springs

Undesired lateral force inevitably exists in a MacPherson suspension system, which is liable to damper rod’s side wear and promotes the damper’s inner friction decreasing the ride performance from the suspension system. Substituting a new side load spring with curved centerline for the conventional coil spring has been proven able to solve these problems and Multi-body Dynamics combining with Finite Elements Analysis may be an efficient method in optimizing its design. Therefore, taking a passenger car as example, a detailed multi-body dynamics model for the suspension system is built to simulate forces exerted on the damper and the minimization of its lateral component is selected as the design target for the spring. When the structure optimization of the side load spring is performed using FEA software ANSYS, its vertical and lateral elastic characteristics, supported by test data, are analyzed. After importing FEA results back to the suspension system, the dynamics simulation can be performed to validate the optimization result.     

Bolster spring fault detection strategy for heavy haul wagons

An on-board health monitoring system is proposed for heavy haul wagons in this paper including a signal-based fault detection and isolation (FDI) method and an on-line fault diagnose strategy. Such a system, to be feasible on freight wagons, must be sufficiently cheap and robust, hence the design assumes the constraint of using only two accelerometers mounted on the front left and right rear part of each carbody in a heavy haul train. This paper focuses on the detection of bolster spring fault conditions. The problem is made more complex by the modes of failure which might be expected in bolster spring nests. Types of spring failure are firstly identified and discussed covering situations of broken (shortening springs) and softening (individual spring loss from a nest or cross-section loss through corrosion). The effects of these faults and their detectability were investigated using simulations on straight and curved track and using a fully detailed model of a typical 40?t axle-load heavy haul wagon. The simulation results were then examined and compared using cross-correlation analysis and an FDI system was proposed. The FDI system introduced five possible fault indicators. Initial results indicated that it was possible to detect changes in bolster stiffness of ±25%. An on-line fault diagnoses strategy is proposed for bolster spring faults which only requires data from wagon monitoring during travel around sharp curves to detect and the occurrence of confirm faults. The functionality envisaged needs only a ‘once per trip’ monitoring site, such as a sharper curve, and is aimed at condition monitoring rather than the provision of alarms or comprehensive monitoring of all events.     

青岛地铁隧道双护盾TBM适应性设计及应用

为应对岩石地质条件下城市地铁隧道施工工况的特殊性,对应用于青岛地铁2号线的双护盾TBM进行适应性设计。盾体采用模块化设计并在前盾安装配合稳定器工作的辅助支撑,管片吊运直接由吊机喂送至拼装机,后配套出碴配置梭式皮带机,采用满足小转向半径掘进的双激光靶导向系统,从而保证隧道施工过程中装机、始发、掘进、出碴、过站、小曲线半径掘进和洞内拆机等工况的顺利实施,取得良好的应用效果。通过对施工过程中掘进参数、衬砌变形和地表沉降等应用效果的分析,验证了双护盾TBM选型的正确性和对青岛地质的适应性。     

双塔双索面稀索斜拉桥加固设计

以南阁大桥的主桥斜拉桥加固为工程背景,基于将挂梁与主跨相邻35m工字梁作为整体来计算桥梁结构损伤程度校验系数的研究现状,考虑将挂梁作为单独受力的简支梁置于两侧斜拉桥框架上来计算校验系数,并据此校验系数判定桥梁的损伤程度,对旧桥进行加固设计。     

韩江西溪特大桥悬臂段挂篮悬灌法施工技术

阐述了韩江西溪特大桥悬臂段挂篮悬灌法施工工艺、施工方法及悬臂浇筑钢筋混凝土箱梁桥的施工（挠度）控制。该悬臂段挂篮施工技术的工程实践为类似桥梁工程的施工提供了一定的借鉴。     

发电车膨胀水箱吊座裂纹分析和补强校核

对发电车膨胀水箱吊座结构进行了有限元强度分析,对吊座和弯梁裂纹进行了失效分析,并对补强方案进行了强度校核,同时确认了其他车型发电车的膨胀水箱吊座强度裕量满足要求。     

二系螺旋弹簧刚度计算

采用有限元计算方法,对机车车辆二系螺旋弹簧的刚度进行计算。结果表明,弹簧在横向载荷作用下,由于上端移动,垂向载荷的作用位置随之发生变化,在弹簧两端切口的影响下,弹簧的受力状态发生变化,垂向刚度随载荷的变化而变化比较明显,横向刚度与所施加的横向载荷方向有关。     

动车组前端钢结构吊装工艺研究

结合生产实际情况,对动车组前端钢结构的吊装工艺进行了研究,并提出了吊具的轿式设计方案。     

安亭吴淞江自锚式人行悬索桥施工工艺

本文介绍了安亭吴淞江自锚式悬索桥的施工工艺,其中详细的介绍了本桥的施工难点以及大跨径上挂式支架施工、低高度混凝土主梁施工、缆索施工的施工流程,顺利的完成了上海市首座自锚式悬索桥的施工任务。