导向法铺管技术在城市污水管铺设中的应用

在道路拓宽改造及其它客观条件不允许大开挖埋设污水管工程中，通过使用导向法铺管技术，利用其先进的导航系统，能够经济、快速、准确地完成铺设管道任务。该方法利用地面上导航仪，引导地面下装有无线电发射器的钻机钻头沿着根据施工图要求的污水管平面位置、高程等参数计算出来的钻孔轨迹，向前钻导向孔，至下一个工作坑；在导向孔出口处，将钻孔钻头换成挤压式出土扩孔钻头，向回拉扩大钻孔孔径，依次多级扩孔，至可容纳预定管道外径后，将管道头部吊人工作坑内导向孔口，使用钻机将管线牵引回工作坑导向孔进口，完成铺设管道施工。     

On the dilution of liquid waste in ships' wakes

A study of the mixing behavior of liquid waste after ocean dumping is essential for the identification of dump sites, as well as for impact assessment on the surrounding oceanic waters. The dilution of liquid waste in the wakes of ships at sea is explored in this study, and the effects of the circumstances of the discharge operation such as the discharge rate, and the size and speed of the vessel, and the oceanic parameters such as currents and turbulence level in the water column, are examined. the mixing process is categorized into three stages: near-wake, far-wake, and long-term diffusion. Dilution rates in the three stages are derived, based on the theories of diffusion and momentumless wakes. In the far-wake stage, the speed of the ship is the most effective parameter in enhancing the dilution rate. The formulae for dilution rates in the farwake stage and for long-term diffusion agree well with field measurements, while the well-known IMCO formula underestimates the dilution rate. Presented at the International Conference on Technology for Marine Environment Preservation (MARIENV '95), Tokyo, Japan, September 24–29, 1995.     

我国公路危险品运输管理对策

公路危险品运输管理是危险品管理中的重要一环,并且与国民经济的发展、社会的安定团结紧密相关.因此.结合我国国情,建立健全各项法规制度,加强危险品运输管理的力度,改进危险品运输企业管理方法和管理手段.提高从业人员专业水平,是关系到我国经济持续、稳定发展的大事,需要充分重视和认真对待.     

公路隧道洞口结构因素对废气窜流的影响

为了给减弱公路隧道洞口废气窜流提供洞口土建结构设计方案,对洞口废气窜流影响的显著性因素进行了探讨,从洞口纵向错开不同距离、洞外设置不同位置及高度的挡壁等结构因素出发,借助计算流体动力学技术,进行了多因素异水平混合型数值模拟正交试验,探讨了不利自然风条件下洞外不同组合结构因素对洞1：7废气窜流的影响规律。结果表明：不同结构因素组合对废气窜流改善效果明显不同,洞1：7纵向错开改善窜流效果最为明显;在隧道出口侧设置有挡壁的所有组合结构均能较好地改善出口废气窜流,其中最有效的是同时在出口侧、中侧、入口侧设置与洞口等高的挡壁;仅在洞外中侧设置中间挡壁,其高度约为洞口高度的2倍时,可以有效改善废气窜流,其他情况下采用高挡壁结构的改善效果不佳;若同时在两隧道中侧与入口隧道侧设置挡壁则废气窜流改善效果差;若仅在入口隧道侧设置长挡壁,则加剧废气窜流。     

GESAMP危险化学品评估方法及应用

文中介绍了海洋环境保护科学联合专家组（GESAMP）和散装危险化学品的分级方法,详细阐述了分级体系中危险化学品对水生环境、人体健康和用海活动的影响等级的判定原则和依据,并介绍了评估结果在国际海运规则制定过程中的应用,以期为我国开展相关工作和研究提供参考.     

有机朗肯循环发电系统热力过程的研究

有机朗肯循环发电装置能够有效地利用工业中的废热,将其转化成清洁能源—电能。本文介绍了朗肯循环发电理论方案、基本工作原理、系统计算方法。并且在理论的基础上,对某陶粒砂厂烟气工况进行了分析、计算,这对低品味工业余热的开发利用具有重要的参考价值。     

低品位热能回收发电应用研究

本文介绍了一种有机朗肯循环(ORC)余热回收发电系统的研究情况,分析了影响系统热电效率的主要因素,讨论了本系统装置的市场应用前景。     

Where to dispose of urban green waste? Transportation planning for the maintenance of public green spaces

Urban green spaces provide various social and environmental benefits that strongly improve the quality of life in a city. Municipalities are responsible for maintaining their green spaces in order to preserve these potentials. This paper supports municipalities in planning the transportation and disposal logistics of the green waste that is produced by the maintenance activities. The approach combines ecological issues like the seasonality of green waste generation and different types of biomass with economically driven decision making. We show how to determine cost efficient transportation plans for the disposal logistics and how to capture the seasonality of green waste generation when booking capacities at disposal facilities. It is also shown how a municipality can select the disposal facilities to cooperate with in a competitive environment where facilities offer capacities at differing conditions, as is the case for disposal sites that dump the green waste and for conversion plants that use the biomass for producing renewable energy. We illustrate the approach using case data of a major city in Germany.     

一般工业固废在公路行业应用及政策与标准现状

在我国工业化高速发展的今天,一般工业固体废弃物的资源化利用备受瞩目,其中,一般工业固废在公路行业的应用是一个具有显著效益的途径。本文分析了目前工业固废在国内外公路行业的应用现状、我国相关政策的制订情况以及现行的相关标准,提出了该领域下目前存在的不足和相应的决策建议,为一般工业固废在公路行业应用的发展和标准化体系构建提供参考。     

有害物品运输中避免重大事故发生的路径选择

为了避免有害物品在运输过程中发生重大事故,分析了避免重大事故发生的条件,即尽量避开可能产生严重后果的路段.建立了综合考虑运输风险、平均后果和总后果的路径选择模型,并利用线性加权的方法对3个目标进行处理,使模型可以利用最短路算法进行求解.该模型通过控制平均后果和总后果,能避开可能产生严重后果的路段.最后,给出了1个应用算例.