大断面小净距隧道断面优化及其设计参数研究

对于大跨度小净距隧道而言,合理扁平率及双洞间距的设计对于节约成本,提高隧道线形规划具有至关重要的作用,因此,优化大跨度小净距隧道的扁平率及其间距是隧道设计施工面临的关键问题。以某双洞8车道隧道施工为研究背景,通过数值模拟及理论分析,对断面优化及其设计参数进行了深入研究。研究结果表明:随着高宽比的增加,拱顶位移逐渐减少,水平收敛逐渐增大,在高宽比为2.0时达到理想状态,这个时候的拱顶位移和水平收敛基本相同,此时断面有利于开挖。当高宽比取理想高宽比2.0时,这时应力较均匀,是开挖的理想断面,同时考虑行车通行的建筑界限,取高宽比为0.6333是合理的。隧洞埋深对塑性半径和周边位移的影响极大;弹性范围内的支护阻力与隧洞变形成正比;塑性半径随着围岩强度的增加而减小。     

水源热泵与城市供水系统相结合的水、冷、暖三联产可行性研究

为探讨将城市供水作为水源热泵系统的水源,实现建筑供水、供冷、供暖三联供的可行性,调查了城市供水与地表水水源热泵系统在水源取水口、水温、水质、水量要求上的一致性,并提出了水源热泵与城市供水系统相结合的系统形式。以日供水量为20万t的城市供水厂为例,理论分析了系统在夏季和冬季的节能潜力,对系统可能存在的风险进行了探讨。研究结果表明:系统在夏季和冬季的一次能源节约率分别为40.8%和18.3%。通过将水源热泵与城市供水系统相结合,实现城市供水、供冷、供暖三联产,在夏热冬冷和夏热冬暖地区是可行的,具有较大的节能潜力。     

轨道车辆大功率IGBT散热器的热设计与试验研究

首先应用传热学理论对肋片散热器进行热阻计算,并采用Icepak软件进行仿真,最后为了验证理论计算和仿真的精度,进行了相关的散热器热阻试验.通过对散热器理论计算、仿真计算与试验结果进行对比研究证明,仿真计算能满足工程精度要求,理论计算经过修正后也能满足工程需要.     

采用后支点挂篮施工的双边箱主梁混凝土斜拉桥设计

某大桥主桥是一座主跨250 m的三跨双塔双索面斜拉桥,采用预应力混凝土双边箱主梁形式,桥面宽36.5 m,采用后支点挂篮悬浇施工,与国内常规的采用前支点挂篮悬浇施工的双边箱混凝土斜拉桥不同,后支点挂篮施工可减少斜拉索索力调整次数,施工监控难度较低,且能有效节省施工工期.结合施工单位的施工机具选择不同的施工方案,可节约工程造价.     

发动机缸体用检具变形的探讨与控制

对于铝合金检具变形引起的尺寸不稳定,给予规范的热处理和粘接装配,使发动机缸体用检具本体变形得到控制。     

滑模摊铺水泥混凝土路面施工配合比计算方法

本文针对我国目前大规模采用滑模摊铺机施工高速公路水泥混凝土路面，为适应滑模摊铺施工机械性能，充分发挥滑模摊铺机施工优势，确保水泥混凝土路面强度、平整度等指标而提出的水泥混凝土施工配合比计算方法。     

大跨径无桥台斜腿刚架桥的展望

无桥台斜腿刚架桥是近年发展起来的一种新桥型。通过研究其受力特性和构造形式，指出该桥型向大跨径发展的可能性。     

Neighborhood services,trip purpose,and tour-based travel

Communities are increasingly looking to land use planning strategies to reduce drive-alone travel. Many planning efforts aim to develop neighborhoods with higher levels of accessibility that will allow residents to shop closer to home and drive fewer miles. To better understand how accessible land use patterns relate to household travel behavior, this paper is divided into three sections. The first section describes the typical range of services available in areas with high neighborhood accessibility. It explains how trip-based travel analysis is limited because it does not consider the linked (chained) nature of most travel. The second section describes a framework that provides a more behavioral understanding of household travel. This framework highlights travel tours, the sequence of trips that begin and end at home, as the basic unit of analysis. The paper offers a typology of travel tours to account for different travel purposes; by doing so, this typology helps understand tours relative to the range of services typically offered in accessible neighborhoods. The final section empirically analyzes relationships between tour type and neighborhood access using detailed travel data from the Central Puget Sound region (Seattle, Washington). Households living in areas with higher levels of neighborhood access are found to complete more tours and make fewer stops per tour. They make more simple tours (out and back) for work and maintenance (personal, appointment, and shopping) trip purposes but there is no difference in the frequency of other types of tours. While they travel shorter distances for maintenance-type errands, a large portion of their maintenance travel is still pursued outside the neighborhood. These findings suggest that while higher levels of neighborhood access influences travel tours, it does not spur households to complete the bulk of their errands close to home.     

基于键合图的车用蓄电池建模与仿真

按照键合图的规则,分别建立了蓄电池等效电路的键合图模型和冷却系统的键合图模型,然后将电系统和热系统耦合在一起,实现了蓄电池系统的键合图模型,最后建立了蓄电池的数学模型和仿真模型,并实现了动态仿真。     

配比设计与级配调试现场速解方法研究

应用EXCEL电子图表的数据处理功能，研究了混合料配比设计与级配调试的速解途径。结合混合料配比设计与料场管理的现实特点，发现借助多元最小二乘法拟合原理，由电算程序求解超静定线性方程组，不仅可以快速准确地完成配比设计，而且可以随配比调节同步显示出级配变化。结果表明电子图表既可作为配比设计模版，又可现场预知级配调控结果，是拌和场消除成品料级配废料的一种便捷手段。