旧料特性对热再生沥青混合料压实性能的影响研究

为了研究热再生沥青混合料的压实特性,采用旋转压实试验,通过对2种类型再生料的密实曲线计算所得的斜率K1和K2、压实能量指数CEI、交通密实指数TDI1和TDI2分析各旧料在不同加热温度和掺量下对再生料压实特性的影响。结果表明:1)旧料加热温度升高能提升旧沥青与新沥青的融合,可增加再生料中沥青的粘度,但并非旧料加热温度越高再生料越容易压实,在100℃、120℃和140℃三种温度条件下,120℃掺加旧料的再生料更易压实;2)旧料掺量越大,再生料越难压实,但使用过程中其抗变形能力越好;3)AC-20普通沥青再生混合料更易压实,但抗变形能力明显不如AC-13改性沥青再生混合料。     

土-结构相互作用的桥梁多尺度建模与分析

考虑土-结构相互作用(SSI)是地震激励下桥梁抗震性能评估的热难点之一.由于考虑土体影响多而建立的结构模型计算耗时极长,为了提高效率,现采用一致多尺度建模方法,将所研究部位建为实体单元,其他部位建为梁单元,单元之间采用适当的方法进行界面连接,保证宏观、精细单元间的变形协调,并对某一桥梁进行分析,验证了该方法的正确性.在此基础上,基于多尺度建模方法,建立三跨连续梁桥模型,对其进行弹塑性时程分析,对比分析考虑SSI和不考虑SSI效应的桥梁模型在地震激励下的响应结果,研究SSI效应对桥梁抗震性能的影响.结果表明:多尺度建模方法可以在保证计算精度的前提下有效地提高计算效率;考虑SSI效应能够有效地降低桥梁的抗震性能需求.因此,在设计时应加以考虑.     

水声干扰设备作战使用效能评估

随着侦察探测和制导装备的发展,来自水下的威胁日益增大,舰(潜)艇利用水声对抗器材可以有效提高我海军舰(潜)艇的作战效能.阐述了漂浮式和自航式水声干扰器材对敌水声系统和设备实施干扰的方法,并分析了其作战使用效能,对舰(潜)艇水声干扰器材的使用具有较大现实意义.     

系统效能通用评估工具研究

基于数据库和算法集成,设计了一套具有良好通用性、灵活性、可扩展性的系统效能评估工具,并以此工具为基础,针对不同的评估需求、数据量和应用环境提出对应的解决方案.     

热水锅炉供热系统的技术改造及应用

冬季采暖热水锅炉，效率不高和尾部受热面腐蚀现象比较严重，针对15 t的XL900-13/95/70-AⅢ型热水锅炉进行了分析，并制定了相应的节能技术改造措施，在实际应用中取得了良好的效果。     

能效设计指数EEDI功率曲线的直接计算方法

船舶能效规则强制生效后，所有适用船舶必须满足Attained EEDI≤Requied EEDI的条件，因此准确估算或预报功率曲线从而计算得到Attained EEDI将对适用船型具有极为重要的意义。根据国内外关于功率-转速-航速预报的最新进展，依据螺旋桨敞水性能图谱，采用KT/J^2系数，给出了功率曲线的直接计算方法，经实际算例验证，该方法相对传统的间接计算方法更为清晰简便，且结果准确可靠。     

优化广西铁路建设项目顺序研究

在综合分析国家及区域"十二五"经济社会发展规划、中长期铁路网规划等规划基础上,预测研究年度区域各铁路客货运量、构成及其未来发展趋势;分析各铁路项目的功能定位及其在区域路网中发挥的运输效益;综合考虑经济效益、社会效益及国家宏观经济政策,提出优化广西铁路建设项目顺序和提高运能的方案,达到提前发挥投资效益的目的。     

A bi-objective dynamic programming approach for airline green fleet planning

Ensuring a fleet of green aircraft is a basic step in mitigating aviation pollution issues that are expected to be worsen in the coming years due to rapid air traffic growth. This study proposed a novel methodology in green fleet planning in which both profit and green performance of airline are considered simultaneously and explicitly. To do this, a Green Fleet Index (GFI) is derived as an indicator to quantify the green performance of airline’s fleet. It measures the degree of airline compliance with a standard requirement in terms of emission, noise, and fuel consumption. A bi-objective dynamic programming model is then formulated to find optimal aircraft acquisition (lease or purchase) decision by minimizing GFI and maximizing profit. Several interesting results are obtained: (1) considering environmental issue as secondary objective yields a greener fleet; (2) airline’s profit is affected, but could be recovered from environmental cost savings; (3) increasing load factor is an effective operational improvement strategy to enhance airline’s green performance and raise profit level. It is anticipated that the framework developed in this study could assist airlines to make a smart decision when considering the need to be green.     

一种基质沥青快速升温装置的研制

现代交通的发展和道路等级的提高,对路用沥青的性能提出了更高的要求。在沥青中加入SBS、PE和橡胶粉等添加剂以改善基质沥青性能的方法得到了越来越广泛的应用,但改性沥青制作工艺对基质沥青的工作温度有严格的要求。探讨基质沥青的快速加热工艺和相关专用设备的研发是保证改性沥青制作质量的关键之一。     

Comparing rail fuel efficiency with truck and waterway

This paper presents a railroad energy efficiency model used to estimate the fuel economies for classes of trains transporting various commodities. Comparable procedures are used to estimate truck and waterway fuel consumption. The results show that coal unit trains are 4.5–5.0 times more energy efficient than movements in the largest trucks allowed in the eastern and western regions of the US, unit grain train movements in the central US are 4.6 times more fuel efficient, soda ash unit train and non-unit train shipments are 4.9 and 3.2 times more efficient, and ethanol unit train and non-unit train movements are 4.8 and 3.0 times more efficient. In terms of barge traffic, coal unit train and non-unit train are 1.3 and 0.9 times as energy efficient in the eastern US, grain unit train and non-unit train movements are 1.7 and 1.0 times more efficient from Minneapolis to the Gulf of Mexico, and grain unit train and non-unit train movements are 1.0 and 0.7 times more fuel efficient from the Upper Ohio River to the Gulf of Mexico.