非对称建筑荷载作用下小净距隧道施工模拟分析

在非对称建筑荷载作用下,采用CRD法和预留核心土弧形导坑法两种施工开挖方案,对小净距隧道的施工过程进行了数值模拟研究.对两种施工方案的洞室周边竖向变形、地中围岩变形和洞室周边的围岩应力进行了对比分析,揭示了非对称建筑荷载作用下两种方案的洞室周边竖向变形规律和变形规律的相似性,获得了地中围岩变形的变化规律,对信息化反馈施工,指出了必须重点监控与关注的位置.     

高墩双线变四线道岔连续梁施工技术

金华至温州铁路扩能改造工程祯埠特大桥18#~22#墩之间设计1联4×32 m双线变四线道岔连续梁,梁面宽度由12.6 m渐变至20.72 m,箱内结构由单箱双室渐变为单箱三室。设计采用支架法施工,混凝土一次性浇筑、全梁张拉。通过对设计施工方案的优化,采用分段浇筑混凝土、全梁张拉的施工工艺,解决了高墩变截面荷载支架设计、预应力管道穿束、压浆密实度等难题,可为今后类似工程提供参考和借鉴。     

A stochastic optimization approach for the selection of reflective cracking mitigation techniques

PurposeIn Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) overlays, the existing cracks in the underlying pavements can propagate upward to the new added overlay and may cause Reflective Cracks (RC). These cracks allow water infiltration to the underlying layers and causes further moisture damage as well as weakening the unbound layers. Over the years, several methods have been developed for mitigating the RCs. This study aims to investigate the current reflective cracking mitigation methods and develop a methodology for the selection of appropriate mitigation technique. The developed model is then applied to a case study in the state of Florida.MethodTo accomplish this goal, a nationwide literature review was conducted to better understand the current in practice methods in the United States. Moreover, a life cycle cost analysis (LCCA) in five different road types was performed to find the annuity of roadway rehabilitation for each of the mitigation methods. The uncertainty in the LCCA results is represented using Exploratory Modeling and Analysis (EMA) method. Then through a Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) model, a stochastic optimization model was developed to find the appropriate reflective cracking mitigation solution under Florida’s climate and road conditions, based on different cost and performance weights.ResultsBased on the available data for the state of Florida, the LCCA results indicate that the annuity of maintaining the roadway with Fabrics and ISAC are lower compared to other methods. However, the results of stochastic optimization model reveal that while looking at the performance and cost at the same time, different methods would be more feasible. For instance, while the cost of the used method does not matter at all and only performance matters, STRATA® is more probable to be the appropriate mitigation technique. The findings of this research are critical for decision makers to better understand the most cost-effective mitigation technique in different conditions.     

水泥混凝土路面病害的预防及处理措施

随着我国公路建设的快速发展,水泥混凝土路面的铺筑越来越广泛。目前,我国各省市二级公路大部分采用水泥混凝土刚性路面,在部分省市如广西、广东,水泥混凝土刚性路面还广泛运用于高速公路。因此,水泥砼路面的质量对投资和运营至关重要。     

单向EMC层合板折叠变形时纤维微屈曲解

Francis等对单向形状记忆聚合物复合材料（EMC）层合板在热激活温度下的折叠变形过程建立了理论分析模型，研究结果表明：在板的整个弯曲过程都存在半波长，且其值恒定不变．实际上，小曲率条件下纤维的微屈曲还没有发生，半波长根本不存在．本文指出其研究中的不足并加以完善．结果表明：纤维微屈曲半波长与板的弯曲曲率之间的关系曲线可分为两个阶段，在小曲率阶段，因超出模型的适用范围被视为无效曲线；在大于小曲率的阶段，随着曲率的增加，半波长趋于稳定，同时该曲线能初步识别出模型的适用与非适用曲率范围．事实表明所提出的改进结果更加符合FMr屋全柏酌弯曲空际     

浅谈公路工程估算编制的新规则

新的《公路工程基本建设项目投资估算编制办法》和《公路工程估算指标》自2012年1月1日正式实施。取代1996编办和指标,针对估算编制的新规则,分析总结新旧差异,为以后估算编制工作提供指导。     

基于船舶领域和MMG的最晚施舵点/CRI研究

提出了一种基于MMG和船舶领域的LSP计算模型,以及改进的空间碰撞危险度（space collision risk index,SCRI）/时间碰撞危险度（time collision risk index,TCRI）模型,并进行了计算机仿真.结果表明：水动力模型精度可满足研究与实践要求;基于二分法的LSP模型能快速、可靠收敛;LSP和SCRI/TCRI模型更符合海员通常做法和避碰规则的公认理解.     

Structural response of a flexible pipe with damaged tensile armor wires under pure tension

This article studies the structural response of a 6.0” flexible pipe under pure tension considering intact and damaged conditions. In the damaged condition, several wires of the tensile armor layers are assumed to be broken. A three-dimensional nonlinear finite element (FE) model devoted to analyze the local mechanical response of flexible pipes is employed in this study. This model is capable of representing each tensile armor wire and, therefore, localized defects, including total rupture, may be adequately represented. Results from experimental tests validate the FE predictions and indicate a reduction in the axial stiffness of the pipe, a non-uniform redistribution of forces among the remaining intact wires of the damaged tensile armor layers and high stress concentrations in the wires near the broken ones. Moreover, the FE model indicates that significant normal bending stresses may arise in the pressure armor and inner carcass due to an uneven pressure distribution on these layers. Finally, the results obtained are employed to estimate the pull out capacity of the studied flexible pipe.