一种新型应变测量系统在码头结构检测中的应用

在总结多年码头结构检测经验的基础上,分析了结构测量仪器和传感器存在的问题及自动化数 据采集仪的发展状况,并重点介绍了TDS-601数据测量系统的丰富功能和应用经验。     

Controlled pipeline lateral buckling by reeling induced curvature imperfections

Expansion of pipelines installed on the sea floor due to the passage of high temperature and pressure hydrocarbons leads to lateral buckling. Interaction with a frictional sea floor can result in localization of such buckles, which must be controlled to ensure that the local bending is within acceptable limits. Periodic geometric imperfections introduced to a pipeline installed by reeling using the Residual Curvature Method are modeled and their effectiveness as expansion loops is evaluated. The imperfections are generated by allowing chosen lengths of the line to retain a small curvature by judicious action at the straightener. The model properly accounts for the complex interactions between geometric and material nonlinearities with frictional forces. It is demonstrated that as the temperature increases, the line can buckle in a snap-through manner, or can grow stably usually causing plastic deformation in its crest. The behavior is governed by the length, curvature, amplitude and periodicity of the imperfection, and by the lateral and axial frictional forces that develop. The effect of each of these variables is studied parametrically. Overall, the Residual Curvature Method is found to be a viable and effective method of controlling lateral buckling. The results provide guidance on the optimal periodicity, how to avoid snap-through buckling, and how to simultaneously minimize plastic bending.     

Mixed analysis of shell and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method

 This article presents a mixed method of analyzing shell elements and solid elements using the overlaying mesh method. In the structural design of a ship's hull, the shell elements are used for the global model. However, the solid elements are necessary to analyze the stress concentration zones or the vicinity of a crack. In such cases, the models are analyzed using zooming analysis, in which the results of a global model analysis are transferred to a local model analysis by imposing boundary conditions. This method is more advantageous than zooming analysis in terms of the accuracy of the solution and the modeling flexibility. Some examples of a plate model with a cracked surface or with a projection are shown in order to demonstrate the effectiveness of the method. Received: August 6, 2002 / Accepted: November 25, 2002 Address correspondence to: S. Nakasumi (sumi@nasl.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp) Updated from the Japanese original, which won the 2002 SNAJ prize (J Soc Nav Archit Jpn 2001;189:219–224; and 190:655–662)     

高桩梁板码头排水方式探讨

对于普通货种的高桩梁板码头,通常在码头纵梁顶部设置盖板明沟进行雨水收集和排放。采用该排水方式时需要在梁板顶部开凿排水沟,而在老码头的排水系统改造工程中,该方式会破坏现有码头结构,增加工程投资。以江苏省某老码头排水改造工程为例,提出一种暗管排水方式,并对关键节点进行标准化设计。结果表明,暗管排水方式投资较低、对码头结构影响较小,可为类似工程提供借鉴。     

船体分段焊接变形仿真

船体分段在焊接过程中产生的焊接变形会使船体结构强度降低,然而精确预测和控制焊接变形是个难题.文章提供了准确预测焊接变形的固有应变等效载荷法.这种方法运用有限元法结合固有应变理论以及实验结果对焊接变形进行分析:引入简化的弹-塑性分析杆-弹簧模型,通过分析得到固有应变受焊接区域约束度及最高温度分布情况的影响;将固有应变转化为等效载荷,应用弹性有限元分析求得整个结构的焊接变形.计算结果与LEECH计算及实验结果吻合较好.     

舰船机械设备冲击隔离技术研究进展

本文回顾了舰船设备冲击隔离技术的研究历史,综述了该领域的研究现状,主要包括理论分析方法和试验研究方法,如经验公式方法、动力分析方法、有限元方法、冲击响应谱(SRS)法、动力设计分析方法(DDAM)、冲击隔离优化设计等.     

螺旋桨非定常性能预估的面元法

本文建立了一个预估螺旋桨非定常性能的基于速度势的非定常面元法,该方法中采用了双曲面元,避免了面元之间的缝隙,并采用迭代方法实现非线性的等压库塔条件。文中以第22届国际水池会议(ITTC)推进技术委员会推荐的HSP桨与D4679桨和挪威船舶技术研究所(MARINTEK)提供的PF-W-B桨为算例进行了考核计算,与试验结果和其他研究工作者的计算结果比较表明,螺旋桨的非定常性能预报的结果是令人满意的。     

交互式多目标决策方法及其在海洋平台方案综合优选中的应用

提出了一种新的交互式多目标决策方法.它是在对指标有偏好信息及客观熵信息输出权重基础上,以严格的最小二乘法为工具,建立确定指标权重的优化模型,达到主观与客观的统一,从而为多目标决策问题寻求到一种行之有效的方法.通过将该方法应用于某海洋平台多目标决策,并与采用传统层次分析(AHP)方法相比较,结果表明该方法在应用于海洋平台方案综合优选等复杂多目标决策问题时是适用的和可靠的.     

功率流有限元法结果分析辐射噪声

使用"功率流有限元法"(PFFEM)分析结果发展声辐射预测程序."功率流有限元法"是一种预测任意形状结构中高频振动能量密度和强度的新方法,而边界元法可用于声辐射预测.两者结合可以进一步计算远场辐射声压.用此程序,对水下复杂结构-点力激励下潜艇的振动和声辐射特性进行了预测,获得了良好效果.     

37 300 t化学品船开发与设计

为建造安全的、生态友好的和经济的全球航运体系,本设计努力打造一种新的设计理念。除满足各种最新公约、规则和有关法规的要求(包括MARPOL公约、SOLAS、IBC规则、USCG和OCIMF及Exxon公司等各项要求)外,具有以下特征:装卸时间短;货油残留量最小;防污染能力更安全;高效快速洗舱。