计算机联锁图表的作用及改进探讨

主要介绍计算机联锁图表的作用,分析目前计算机联锁图表存在的一些问题。为适应计算机联锁车站的工程特点,提出对现有计算机联锁图表编制的改进原则和编制方法。     

钢桥面板顶板-纵肋连接接头的疲劳性能

对钢桥面板整体模型进行了有限元分析。结果表明,顶板横向应力在横桥向的分布表现出类似弹性支承多跨连续梁的受力特点,且顶板横向应力基本全部为弯曲应力,膜应力很小,在顶板-纵肋连接处纵肋应力远小于顶板横向应力。顶板-纵肋连接处的应力纵向和横向影响线很短,疲劳验算可不考虑同一车辆轴重间的相互影响及多车效应。增加顶板厚度可大大降低顶板的应力幅,铺装层的完整性对钢桥面板十分重要。此外,还对该类型接头的疲劳分级及现行欧洲规范Eurocode和美国规范AASHTO LRFD的相关条款进行了分析。为考虑车辆荷载通过引起的非成比例多轴疲劳效应,轮荷载滚动加载足尺模型试验和分析方法需要进一步深入研究。     

浅谈公路沥青路面结构设计技术方法

该文介绍了公路沥青路面结构设计的方法。路面厚度设计是在结构组合设计的基础上,通过力学和性能分析确定各结构层所需的厚度;同时,利用结构分析也可了解路面结构的应力和位移状况,从而判断结构层组合的合理性,并进行相应的调整。     

Inventory,Classification, and Analysis of Special Management Areas Associated with U.S. Coastal Programs

Area-based management approaches may be beneficial in integrating sectoral, single-purpose laws and regulations; however, these benefits may not be attained if special area designations are equally sectoral or single-purpose in nature. Over 60 types of special management areas were documented under U.S. coastal programs, and a new classification scheme was developed to allow comparisons and analyses across programs. Results indicate that requirements and incentives for special area designations under the Coastal Zone Management Act did little to standardize or influence area-based management systems associated with state and territory coastal programs. Further, the absence of clear patterns within and between coastal programs with respect to special area policies suggests a limited commitment to this important aspect of coastal management. Continued research is needed to document the effectiveness of the various area-based management approaches presented in this article.     

保阜高速公路跨京广铁路立交桥梁方案研究

目前我国高速公路、市政道路与铁路发生交叉越来越多,如何选择合理的跨越方案,减少对铁路运营的影响,是当前需要重点研究的课题。就上跨铁路的桥梁方案进行研究,提出了预应力混凝土T形刚构转体、预应力混凝土独塔单索面斜拉桥、预应力混凝土T梁的桥梁方案,并对各个方案进行全面评价,并选择对铁路影响最小的T形刚构转体方案跨越,显著减少对铁路的影响,并确保铁路运营的安全。     

高速铁路通信信号设备接口雷电防护优化设计

提出了临界防护状态的概念,分析了临界防护状态使设备损坏的原因,提出高速铁路通信信号设备接口雷电防护优化设计方法,通过有效方法掌握被防护对象的耐冲击水平值和SPD各器件的耐受值,做到量化设计,保证防护的可靠性.     

拉日铁路年楚河特大桥V形刚构加拱组合结构设计

拉日铁路年楚河特大桥主桥采用(60+148+60)m V形刚构加钢管混凝土拱组合结构,桥型结构新颖,详细介绍该桥型的设计特点,对主桥进行静力及动力分析,对承载能力、抗震、车桥动力响应等方面进行了详细计算。该桥将V形连续刚构和钢管混凝土拱桥2种体系有机结合在一起,使V构与拱在受力方面的优点得以充分发挥,既能保证安全舒适的行车,又满足了景观造型要求。     

软土地区大型船坞底板优化设计

采用PLAIXS软件分析了船坞开挖卸荷和坞墙侧限对底板承载力的影响,结果表明,目前底板设计没有考虑土体开挖的卸荷效应和坞墙的侧限效应显得过于保守。考虑桩土共同作用,用理论的方法分析了船坞底板的受力特性,得到了不同土层分布对底板沉降和土体荷载分担的影响。计算结果与有限元计算值进行对比分析,验证了该方法的正确性。     

公路施工中路堤加筋技术探讨

结合公路施工中路堤加筋技术施工工艺,对施工要点进行详细论述,指出施工过程中应注意的质量控制要点,值得同行参考借鉴。     

Virtual durability test rigs for automotive engineering

In recent years so-called ‘virtual test rigs’ have become more and more important in the development process of cars and trucks. Originally, the idea was to substitute expensive durability tests with computer simulation. Meanwhile, the focus has changed towards a more cooperative usage of numerical and laboratory rig simulation. For many safety critical issues laboratory tests remain indispensable. In early development stages, when no physical prototypes are available yet, numerical simulation is used to analyse and optimise the design. In this paper, we show how to build numerical simulation models of complex servo-hydraulic test systems and their test specimen using multi-body simulation for the mechanics in combination with simulation models for the hydraulics and controls. We illustrate this at two industrial application examples: a spindle-coupled passenger car suspension rig and a tyre-coupled full vehicle rig. We show how the simulation models are used to design and optimise better test rigs and to support the test rig operation by preparing the physical tests with new specimen, i.e. by performing numerical simulations including numerical drive file iteration before the physical tests start.