网络化汽车检测站

简要介绍了汽车综合性能检测站的全自动检测网络的设计、网络系统的结构形成、系统的软、硬件配置等。     

Alternative Modeling Approaches Used for Examining Automobile Ownership: A Comprehensive Review

Abstract

Household vehicle ownership, and the associated dimensions including fleet size, vehicle type and usage, has been one of the most researched transport topics. This paper endeavors to provide a critical overview of the wide-ranging methodological approaches employed in vehicle ownership modeling depending on the ownership representation over the past two decades. The studies in the existing literature based on the vehicle ownership representation are classified as: exogenous static, exogenous dynamic, endogenous static and endogenous dynamic models. The methodological approaches applied range from simple linear regressions to complex econometrics formulations taking into account a rich set of covariates. In spite of the steady advancement and impressive evolution in terms of methodological approaches to examine the decision process, we identify complex issues that pose a formidable challenge to address the evolution of vehicle ownership in the coming years. Specifically, we discuss challenges with data availability and methodological framework selection. In light of these discussions, we provide a decision matrix for aiding researchers/practitioners in determining appropriate model frameworks for conducting vehicle ownership analysis.     

Activity patterns,time use,and travel of millennials: a generation in transition?

Millennials, defined in this study as those born between 1979 and 2000, became the largest population segment in the United States in 2015. Compared to recent previous generations, they have been found to travel less, own fewer cars, have lower driver’s licensure rates, and use alternative modes more. But to what extent will these differences in behaviour persist as millennials move through various phases of the lifecycle? To address this question, this paper presents the results of a longitudinal analysis of the 2003–2013 American Time Use Survey data series. In early adulthood, younger millennials (born 1988–1994) are found to spend significantly more time in-home than older millennials (born 1979–1985), which indicates that there are substantial differences in activity-time use patterns across generations in early adulthood. Older millennials are, however, showing activity-time use patterns similar to their prior generation counterparts as they age, although some differences – particularly in time spent as a car driver – persist. Millennials appear to exhibit a lag in adopting the activity patterns of predecessor generations due to delayed lifecycle milestones (e.g. completing their education, getting jobs, marrying, and having children) and lingering effects of the economic recession, suggesting that travel demand will resume growth in the future.     

Can Coastal Management Programs Protect and Promote Water-Dependent Uses?

Anecdotal evidence indicates that commercial and recreational water-dependent uses have been under development pressure in recent years, and in some cases have been converted to other uses. The conversion of water-dependent uses, which range from commercial shipyards to recreational marinas, may have many public costs, including the loss of access to public trust waters, the loss of jobs and associated economic activity, and the loss of traditional working waterfronts. This two-part study investigated the role of five coastal management programs in the northeastern United States in managing, monitoring, and protecting water-dependent uses. First, coastal managers in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Connecticut, New York and New Jersey were interviewed to assess the conversion problem. Second, in collaboration with New York City-based Regional Plan Association, follow-up interviews were conducted with coastal managers and local planners in Connecticut, New York, and New Jersey to gain greater insight into the role of coastal management programs and local governments in managing and promoting water-dependent uses. This article presents select findings from this study and discusses recommendations for improving the capacity of coastal management programs and local governments to manage water-dependent uses for the benefit of the public.     

网络化SCADA系统调度端设计及可靠性分析

提出了一种高性能网络化ＳＣＡＤＡ系统调度端的设计方案，给出了其硬件结构图及网络软件设计框图，并建模分析了系统可靠性，该设计方案已成功地应用了于京郑线及湘黔线ＳＣＡＤＡ系统。     

舞台车液压系统双动力源装置设计

介绍了一种舞台车液压系统双动力源结构，其在原液压系统动力源装置的基础上，通过加装一套油泵、电动机、电控箱及部分管路、电缆线等实现增加一套动力源结构，采用该装置可减少油耗，延长发动机及变速器使用寿命，减少维修保养费用，具有节能、环保等优点。     

综合管廊有偿使用收费方式及其适用性探究

采用理论研究和案例分析法针对城市地下综合管廊有偿使用收费方式进行了详细的探讨，并依托成都市IT大道地下综合管廊工程，同时借鉴了日月大道、成洛大道、成渝高速入城段等试点管廊的相关参数测算综合管廊有偿使用费，其中入廊费和日常维护费分别采用直埋成本法和空间比例法进行计算，建立了成都市地下综合管廊入廊费和日常维护费收费标准。研究结果表明采用该方法测算得到的成都市管线入廊费和日常维护收费标准较适应管线现状实际建设和运维情况，更易让各管线单位接受。     

运行参数对双燃料船用柴油机燃烧和排放性能的影响

为研究运行参数对天然气-柴油双燃料船用发动机燃烧和排放的影响,运用AVL_FIRE仿真软件基于4190Z_LC-2型船用中速柴油机,构建燃烧室高压循环模型。通过将仿真数据和台架试验得到的缸压曲线进行对比,验证模型的准确性。采用模型仿真,研究运行参数对燃烧和排放性能的影响。结果表明:天然气替代率可以明显改善NO的排放,过高的替代率会降低指示功率,损失部分动力性;提高进气温度可改善燃烧质量,合适的进气温度可以改善动力性和经济性;提高进气压力有增压效果,适当提高进气压力可获得较好的动力性和排放性;喷油提前角的增大,会延长滞燃期,缩短后燃期,而合适的喷油提前角可以避免工作粗暴,改善柴油机动力性。     

深海采矿双波浪补偿系统自适应跟踪控制

为满足深海采矿过程中管道的快速自动对接要求,设计了一种能够同时进行布放回收和升沉补偿的双波浪液压补偿系统.基于波波夫超稳定理论,设计了上波浪补偿的自适应跟踪控制律.仿真实验结果表明,上波浪补偿系统能够在自适应跟踪控制律作用下,迅速跟踪下波浪补偿系统的升沉运动,其跟踪精度能够满足同步对接要求.