用于光伏并网的组合级联式功率转换系统复合功率控制策略研究

根据光伏电站并网要求,分析了HC-PCS拓扑结构及特点,提出HC-PCS对光伏电站有功与无功综合补偿的复合功率控制策略.该复合控制策略兼顾光伏电站的有功平滑和电压稳定需求来确定HC-PCS的输出电流参考值,对HC-PCS输出有功与无功补偿进行协调控制,同时附加变化率控制,充分利用其快速功率调节特性,并且对电池充放电进行保护.对所提出的控制策略进行了仿真验证,结果表明,基于电池储能的HC-PCS可有效改善光伏电站并网特性,有助于提高光伏电站的低电压穿越能力,并对电网提供一定的动态无功支撑.     

考虑碳成本的城市交通拥挤定价模型研究

从研究国内外交通二氧化碳排放及收费和国内外拥挤定价现状入手,分析了城市交通二氧化碳排放的特征,在总结国内外碳税征收标准的基础上,建立了城市交通碳排放收费模型;将碳排放费用视为广义出行费用的一部分,进而建立了考虑碳排放成本的拥挤定价双层规划模型,选取实际案例验证其合理性与可行性,也为我国城市交通拥挤定价提出合理的建议.     

PHEV双耦合动力系统的设计及分析

基于对插电式混合动力汽车(PHEV)的两种耦合(转矩耦合或转速耦合)方式的结构和运动特性的分析,提出了一种转速耦合与转矩耦合交替工作的动力耦合系统,并根据行星齿轮机构的转速特性的分析计算了系统的结构设计参数。在MATLAB/Simulink平台上对该系统进行了联合仿真,结果表明:其动力性指标满足设计要求,而且与其他单一耦合系统相比,在动力性能指标相同的情况下,能有效减小动力部件的尺寸和质量。     

混合动力汽车发动机转矩突变过程动态协调控制

针对混合动力汽车急加速时由于混合气瞬间加浓引起动态油耗增加的问题,本文中提出了基于转矩动态补偿的混合动力汽车发动机转矩突变过程动态协调控制方法。设计了基于转矩变化率限制的发动机转矩控制策略,避免了发动机转矩突变过程中动态油耗的增加,同时保证了加速过程中整车的动力性。实车试验结果表明,提出的动态协调控制方法不仅降低了加速过程中发动机的动态油耗,同时提高了整车动力性。     

瓯江特大桥钢箱梁合龙控制研究

混合梁结构多用于斜拉桥,在大跨径连续刚构桥上应用较少,且混合梁连续刚构桥研究不够深入.瓯江特大桥主桥采用大跨径混合梁连续刚构桥,由于主跨跨中存在一个大节段钢箱梁段,故在设计、施工方面与常规混凝土连续刚构桥有较大不同,同时在施工控制过程中也出现了很多新问题.在常规混凝土连续刚构桥控制方法的基础上,对钢混结合段累计位移的突变问题进行分析,得到准确预测钢混结合段安装标高的方法.对钢箱梁吊装状态进行分析,得到准确的钢箱梁加工线形.对合龙时的温度效应进行分析,把握了温度影响规律,为钢箱梁的精确合龙提供依据.     

PVA／钢混杂纤维对水泥混凝土弯曲韧性的影响

通过设置3个不同的水胶比：0.30、0.35、0.40和3种纤维体积掺量：0、1.0％、1.5％,研究PVA/钢混杂纤维对混凝土韧性的影响。试验结果表明：结果表明：水胶比越大,混凝土脆性越大;纤维掺量是影响纤维增强水泥混凝土韧性的主要因素,纤维掺量越大,纤维混凝土变形硬化现象越明显,并且韧性指数值也越大,从荷载-挠度曲线中可以看出 PVA/钢纤维混凝土的变形硬化现象较 PVA纤维混凝土的显著。     

Data mining using regularized adaptive B‐splines regression with penalization for multi‐regime traffic stream models

This paper presents a new data mining method that integrates adaptive B‐spline regression and traffic flow theory to develop multi‐regime traffic stream models (TSMs). Parameter estimation is implemented adaptively and optimally through a constrained bi‐level programming method. The slave programming determines positions of knots and coefficients of the B‐spline by minimizing the error of B‐spline regression. The master programming model determines the number of knots through a regularized function, which balances model accuracy and model complexity. This bi‐level programming method produces the best fitting to speed–density observations under specific order of splines and possesses great flexibility to accommodate the exhibited nonlinearity in speed–density relationships. Jam density can be estimated naturally using spline TSM, which is sometimes hardly obtainable in many other TSM. Derivative continuity up to one order lower than the highest spline degree can be preserved, a desirable property in some application. A five‐regime B‐spline model is found to exist for generalized speed–density relationships to accommodate five traffic operating conditions: free flow, transition, synchronized flow, stop and go traffic, and jam condition. A typical two‐regime B‐spline form is also explicitly given, depending only on free‐flow speed, optimal speed, optimal density, and jam density. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Traffic signal timing problems with environmental and equity considerations

Traffic signal timings in a road network can not only affect total user travel time and total amount of traffic emissions in the network but also create an inequity problem in terms of the change in travel costs of users traveling between different locations. This paper proposes a multi‐objective bi‐level programming model for design of sustainable and equitable traffic signal timings for a congested signal‐controlled road network. The upper level of the proposed model is a multi‐objective programming problem with an equity constraint that maximizes the reserve capacity of the network and minimizes the total amount of traffic emissions. The lower level is a deterministic network user equilibrium problem that considers the vehicle delays at signalized intersections of the network. To solve the proposed model, an approach for normalizing incommensurable objective functions is presented, and a heuristic solution algorithm that combines a penalty function approach and a simulated annealing method is developed. Two numerical examples are presented to show the effects of reserve capacity improvement and green time proportion on network flow distribution and transportation system performance and the importance of incorporating environmental and equity objectives in the traffic signal timing problems. Copyright © 2013 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

临时关闭道路以疏导城市道路交通流的可行性分析

文章基于Braess悖论,以单位车辆的平均出行时间为最优目标,以网络道路系统为约束条件,从逆向思维角度建立了通过临时关闭道路引导交通流以缓解城市道路交通拥挤的Narsh均衡非线性规划模型,并以北京二环道路网络为研究对象进行了实例分析。结果表明,在城市道路网中,关闭部分路段并不能明显缓解交通拥堵现状,但可以在不影响路网整体通行时间的条件下改善路网局部拥堵状况。建议城市道路交通临时疏导方案应该根据路网交通流的分布特点和道路通过能力等因素进行制订。     

基于DELMIA/Robotics船体分段焊接仿真

随着造船自动化程度不断提高,工业机器人在船舶建造过程中的运用会越来越广泛。本文运用DELMIA/ Robotics对船体分段焊接过程中进行离线仿真。系统研究了复杂空间环境下机器人焊接过程中任务仿真、路径规划、碰撞干涉、离线编程等问题,验证了造船机器人焊接的可行性、安全性,提高造船自动化技术水平。