新型缓粘结预应力体系的试验研究

介绍了一种以树脂胶粘剂为介质的新型缓粘结预应力体系的试验研究,其中包括能满足该体系要求的固化期在3、6、12个月左右、抗压强度50 MPa以上的胶粘剂组分及物理力学性能的研究;对预应力筋在不同时间张拉锚固作业中的κ和μ进行测量;缓粘结预应力筋在应力状态下进行了腐蚀试验;采用缓粘结预应力筋制作了8根预应力受弯构件进行试验,并与同条件制作的有粘结、无粘结预应力梁进行比较。结果表明,胶粘剂固化后的缓粘结预应力构件的工作性能,几乎和有粘结预应力构件相同。通过几个缓粘结预应力工程的施工,表明该体系的施工工艺与无粘结预应力施工工艺相近,简便易行。该体系将后张法中的无粘结和有粘结预应力混凝土体系相结合,使传统的预应力技术有了更新的发展。     

烟台某工程循环水取、排水工程压水试验

为确定烟台某工程地基基岩的渗透特性,阐述水上岩体压水试验的主要操作过程、试验数据处理和试验结果分析评价方法．测定区域内的各岩层的透水率和渗透系数,给出不同风化程度岩层的渗透性评价,为设计提供防渗设计所需参数。     

公路桥梁荷载试验综述

桥梁荷载试验是桥梁承载力评价中最有效、最直接和最有说服力的方法。通过介绍桥梁静载试验及动载试验的方法和步骤,并对具体的桥梁荷载试验进行分析计算,即可推算出桥梁的承载力状况。     

长春商业中心交通环境影响分析评价研究

结合城市交通环境影响分析基本要求,从长春商业中心区位发展特性出发,分析商业中心交通环境影响评价的内容,提出商业中心交通环境影响评价的原则和步骤,最后归纳了长春市商业中心交通环境影响分析评价的方法。     

关于建立人力资源价值计量模式的探讨

通过对建立人力资源特性的分析,利用现有劳动人事管理中的劳动工资统计资料,在个人人力资源价值计量中用以岗位为标准计量人力资源价值,在整体(组织)人力资源价值计量中按人员类别结合行业特征划分人力资源价值分值,建立人力资源价值计量模式,作为人力资源价值核算依据,可以提高劳动工资统计资料的价值.     

基于路面不平整度的车辆振动响应分析方法

为了分析路面与车辆的相互作用,提出了四自由度1/2车辆模型相对于不平整路面耦合振动分析方法。根据GB/T7031-1986建议的公路路面功率谱密度的拟合表达式,在分析了运行汽车固有振动频率和行驶速度的影响后,获得分布在一定频率范围内的离散功率谱密度数据,利用离散傅立叶逆变换得到路面不平度值,并以此作为1/2车辆垂向动力学模型的输入激励,通过数值仿真得到运行车辆系统在不同路面不平整度下的时域响应。分析结果表明:车辆动荷载系数随车速增大呈线性增加,随路面等级变差呈非线性增大,路面等级是影响车辆动力作用的最显著因素。     

智能冲击压路机路基压实度自动检测方法

为了提高路基压实度检测的准确性,提出了路基压实度自动检测的瑞雷波法。采用落锤法敲击地表产生瑞雷波,分别通过检波器和地震仪采集和记录瑞雷波信号,应用-τp变换提取经过信息处理后的瑞雷波,获取频散曲线,利用瑞雷波反演横波速度的方法计算压实度,分析了压实度分布剖面图信息,对比了用瑞雷波法和灌砂法计算的路基压实度。计算结果表明:两条压实度曲线几乎重叠,最大绝对误差为-0.300%,相对误差为0.308%,说明用瑞雷波法检测路基压实度数据可靠,可以用于控制冲击碾压施工。     

铁道车辆运行安全评判的轮对爬轨脱轨准则

为了掌握车辆爬轨脱轨机理及主要影响因素,分析了轮对的三维空间受力,推导了轮轨横向力和垂向力比值的一般表示式,假设车轮在达到最大轮缘接触角时为脱轨的临界状态,并认为这时轮轨间出现完全摩擦滑动,导出了不考虑轮对摇头角的临界脱轨判别的二维准则与考虑轮对摇头角和轮轨蠕滑率效应的三维脱轨判别准则,给出了轮轴脱轨系数的定义,采用轮轴脱轨系数和轮重减载率进行脱轨的判别。仿真计算结果表明:二维脱轨判别准则与三维准则相比偏于保守;摇头角越小甚至变负,越有利于防止脱轨,摇头角越大,三维准则的临界脱轨曲线越接近于二维准则的;减小轮轨摩擦系数与增大轮缘角均有利于防止脱轨的发生。     

(Unintended) Transport impacts of an energy-environment policy: The case of CNG conversion of vehicles in Dhaka

Motor vehicles are one of the major sources of air pollution in Dhaka, the capital of Bangladesh. The government took various policies to convert the petroleum vehicles on road to run on compressed natural gas (CNG), which allows both air quality improvements and energy security benefits. One of the market friendly policies to encourage the fuel switch was to increase the price differential between CNG and petrol and diesel. This has allowed a wide-scale adoption of CNG as the fuel of choice. However, several years into the policy, there is now a widespread belief among the policymakers that the CNG conversion may have increased car ownership and car travel due to their lower running costs, resulting in more congestion and a reversal of the strategy is on the cards. It is therefore important to test the hypothesis whether CNG conversion had genuinely increased car ownership and car travel in Dhaka city. This paper presents the results of a questionnaire survey and an econometric intervention analysis to understand the impact of CNG conversion on car ownership and car travel in Dhaka. Attention is also given to disentangle the self-selection and price-induced travel effects of CNG conversion. Results show that ownership did not increase, but travel of on-road vehicles increased due to the CNG policy. However, additional congestion costs are still around one half of the health benefits brought about by the policy.     

Analysis of Coastal Wetland Changes Using the “DPSIR” Model: A Case Study in Xiamen,China

Over the past several decades, human activities have had significant impacts on coastal wetlands worldwide. Here, using a model of “Drivers-Pressures-State-Impacts-Responses (DPSIR)” and data collected from coastal wetlands in Xiamen, China, we have analyzed temporal changes in regional coastal wetland ecosystem structure and function from 1950 through 2005. The study period was divided into four parts for comparative analysis: pre-1980s, 1980s, 1990s, and 2000 to present. Our results show that anthropogenic drivers of coastal wetland degradation in this region have increased substantially since 1950, and that this is correlated with a decline in coastal wetland function over the same period.