汽车电控自动变速器的结构原理与检修

随着电子技术及微处理机的发展,电控自动变速器正实现一机多参数多规律控制,并在此基础上将变速器微机和发动机微机合并在一起,实现综合控制。电控自动变速器变速冲击小,采用最佳的经济性和动力性换档,大大地改善了整车性能。介绍了电控自动变速器的控制原理、基本组成及其部件的工作原理以及性能检测方法和故障诊断方法。     

浅议如何加强施工企业内部控制

随着改革的深入以及现代企业制度的不断完善,企业作为市场的基础正以其独立经营及利益主体的身份参与社会主义的市场竞争.如何建立和规范施工企业内部控制制度,强化内部控制机制,增强企业竞争力,成为当前施工企业发展的一大紧迫课题.     

混凝土T梁桥拓宽的长期效应分析

为了分析拓宽后桥梁的时间效应,研究了每一时段内由混凝土收缩引起的应力的连续变化和混凝土的弹性模量变化,根据能量原理推导了混凝土收缩徐变的位移法基本方程,按增量法分析了徐变应变的变化,编制了相应的计算程序。为验证理论计算的正确性,与小试件的试验结果作了比较。在拼接缝处的受拉区,应变计算值与实测值的相对误差为10%,计算精度比代数法高。在新梁混凝土的收缩应力和新梁自重应力的徐变作用下,3 a后新梁翼板的拉应力为2.67 MPa,可能会引起混凝土开裂。为减少收缩徐变对新旧梁受力的影响,建议新梁脱模后至少放置6个月后再进行拼接处理。     

Multilane first-order traffic flow model with endogenous representation of lane-flow equilibrium

In this study, we develop a multilane first-order traffic flow model for freeway networks. In the model, lane changing is considered as a stochastic behavior that can decrease an individual driver’s disutility or cost, and is represented as dynamics toward the equilibrium of lane-flow distribution along with longitudinal traffic dynamics. The proposed method can be differentiated from those in previous studies because in this study, the motivation of lane changing is explicitly considered and it is treated as a utility defined by the current macroscopic traffic state. In addition, the entire process of lane changing is computed macroscopically by an extension of the kinematic wave theory employing IT principle; moreover, in the model framework, the lane-flow equilibrium curve is endogenously generated because of self-motivated lane changes. Furthermore, the parsimonious representation enables parameter calibration using the data collected from conventional loop detectors. The calibration of the data collected at four different sites, including a sag bottleneck, on the Chugoku expressway in Japan reveals that the proposed method can represent the lane-flow distribution of any observation site with high accuracy, and that the estimated parameters can reasonably explain the multilane traffic dynamics and the bottleneck phenomena uphill of sag sections.     

On macroscopic freeway merge behavior: Estimation of merge ratios using asymmetric lane flow distribution

Data from several freeway merges reveal that, contrary to some previous findings, merge ratio can vary within a site with respect to the merge outflow and that the existing merge ratio estimates based on lane counts are not able to predict this within-site variation. Furthermore, the merge ratios estimated based on two well-known merging principles, “fair-share” and “zipper,” are found to be inaccurate for merges where merging streams compete directly due to a lane drop. In light of these findings, we estimate merge ratios using lane flow distribution (LFD) to better predict between and within site variations of merge ratio. In addition, we propose a merging principle specific for merges with a single lane-drop. The model was developed to better represent observed non-uniform redistribution of merging flow not captured by the current merge ratio estimation methods and merging principles. Empirical observations show that the proposed methods are able to improve merge ratio estimates, reproduce within-site variations of merge ratio, and represent more accurately non-uniform redistribution of merging flow dependent on the merge geometry.     

小缸径低速柴油机加装EcoEGR系统设计与布置

某型火车滚装船布置2台小缸径低速柴油机加装经济型废气再循环（Economical Exhaust Gas Recirculation，EcoEGR）系统，以满足Tier Ⅲ排放要求。以该船为依托，对该类型主机及相应船舶管路与控制系统的原理设计、实船布置等进行介绍和深入分析，为后续或类似船舶的小缸径低速柴油机加装EcoEGR系统及设备设计与建造提供有价值的参考。     

无缝线路轨道稳定性简便计算方法

无缝线路稳定性分析是无缝线路的理论基础和关键技术。本文在考虑轨道原始弯曲和非线性横向道床阻力的前提下,在轨道变形曲线假设为半波正弦曲线的情况下,应用内外力矩平衡法,进行无缝线路轨道稳定性分析,推导钢轨温度力计算公式。应用多元函数条件极值理论推导最不利的轨道弯曲波长,从而建立简便实用的无缝线路稳定性计算公式。将此模型的计算结果与《铁路线路设备大修规则》中铺设无缝线路允许温差表的要求进行了对比,两者计算结果较为接近。     

高速公路双台面秤体计重收费防作弊原理分析

简要介绍了高速公路计重收费系统中常见的几种非正常行车的逃费方式,同时对这些方式进行了仔细的研究与对策,并着重对采用双台面秤体计重收费装置防作弊的原理进行详细的分析与比较。     

车用减速型起动机原理及常见故障分析

通过对车用减速型起动机组成结构及工作原理的阐述,详细分析减速型起动机的测试方法及常见故障,并提出了故障的诊断排除流程,为使用者了解其结构原理、掌握其故障排除程序提供有益的帮助。