用于车道识别的分段切换车道模型

为了使得车道模型既能准确地描述车道形状,又不影响车道识别算法的实时性,提出了一种分段切换车道模型。对近视场区域使用直线模型匹配车道线,对远视场区域则在直线模型和二次曲线模型之间进行切换,以适应有曲率和无曲率道路的识别要求。试验表明,使用分段切换车道模型的车道识别算法能够很好地匹配各种形状道路,并能满足实时性要求。     

单点交叉口信号实时配时模型及蚂蚁算法

以延误时间、停车次数和通行能力作为性能指标，各性能指标的加权系数随交通需求的不同而变化。提出交叉口实时配时，采用一种新型随机搜索思想——蚂蚁优化算法来求解此模型的非线形问题。仿真试验表明，所得结果优于经典方法，降低了交叉口的总延误时间和停车次数，提高了通行能力。     

蝴蝶拱桥的有限元分析及模型试验研究

蝴蝶拱桥是一种新型空间组合拱桥，设计巧妙独特，外型美观。为全面分析其力学行为，建立了空间杆系和板壳有限元分析模型。给出了该桥控制截面在几个主要荷载工况下的变形和应变值；为验证计算理论的合理与准确性，确保该桥的安全与可靠性，进行了1／10模型试验，并将理论计算值与实侧值进行了比较，为该桥的设计与施工提出了有意义的建议。     

Modelling of wheels and rail discontinuities in dynamic wheel-rail contact analysis

A classification of wheel-rail contact is given. Difference is made between modelling of a running wheel with continuous single-point-contact, as is common practice in wheel-rail contact analysis, and a wheel with transient double- or multi-point-contact, which may occur for rail irregularities with curvatures larger than that of the wheel circumference. It is shown that application of the first model for these irregularities will strongly underestimate the contact forces as it does not describe occurring mechanisms correctly. Further, it is shown that in principle it is not possible to describe the second type of contact fully correct with a lumped wheel model. Both wheel models are formulated mathematically for some basic contact cases. Afterwards, results are applied to a linear track model. Analytical closed-form solutions are found in the frequency domain for arbitrary type of contact and numerically transformed to the time domain. Finally, the necessity is shown to avoid situations where transient multiple-point-contact may occur (like rail joints) in practice.     

Tractor-semitrailer model for vehicles carrying liquids

This article presents a model for solving solid-fluid interactions in vehicles carrying liquids. A tractor-semitrailer model is developed by incorporating suspension systems and tire dynamics. Owing to the solid-fluid interaction, equations of motion for the vehicle system are coupled. To simplify the complicated solution procedure, the coupled equations are solved separately using two different codes. Each code is analyzed separately; but as the parameters of the two codes depend on each other, the codes must be connected at the end of each time step. To determine the dynamic behavior of the system, different braking moments are applied. As the braking moments increase, braking time decreases. However, it turns out that increasing the braking moment to more than a certain level produces no significant results. It is also shown that vehicles carrying fluids need a greater amount of braking moments in comparison to vehicles carrying solids during braking. In addition, as the level of the fluid inside the tanker increases, from one-third to two-third of the tanker's volume, the sloshing forces applied to the tanker's walls increase. It was also concluded that the strategy used in this article to solve for the solid-fluid interaction by incorporating vehicle dynamic effects represents an effective method for determining the dynamic behavior of vehicles carrying fluids in other critical maneuvers.     

提前右转的科学性论证

分析了十字交叉路口直行车流和右转车流产生交通分流冲突的原因,以及因此而造成的交通事故隐患。为解决这个问题,笔者在借鉴国内外交通冲突技术(TCT)的理论研究成果的基础上,建立了十字路口直行车流和右转车流分流冲突模型,并用北京市火神庙十字路口的调查统计数据对模型进行了验证,从而在理论上证明了"提前右转"对于减少交通冲突,提高交叉路口安全的科学性,对于交叉路口设计和改造具有较强的指导意义。     

钢管混凝土拱桥整体稳定性分析

对某钢管混凝土拱桥不同的稳定性设计方案进行了介绍,利用有限元方法对钢管拱施工、成桥各阶段的整体稳定性进行了空间分析,并讨论了影响整体稳定性的因素,希望通过比选找出最佳的稳定性方案。     

Mixed Logit模型及其在交通方式分担中的应用研究

离散选择模型的典型代表Logit模型简洁易用的特点使其在经济、交通等领域得到了广泛的应用，但同时Logit模型的两个重要缺陷限制了其应用范围。在分析了Logit模型固有的两个缺陷和Mixed Logit模型的良好性质后，比较了Logit模型与Mixed Logit模型的差异，对Mixed Logit模型的算法进行了研究，并借助SAS统计软件提供的仿真算法给出了详细的工程实践应用范例。结果表明，Mixed Logit模型有着更丰富的物理含义，对个人出行交通方式选择行为的描述更符合实际。     

用于汽车纵向运动控制的传动系统模型简化与分析

针对汽车纵向运动控制系统特点，采用线性化方法对比分析传动系统各部件对系统传递性的影响，总结出适合汽车纵向运动控制的简化数学模型。并基于简化模型，应用灵敏度理论分析了系统传递特性对模型中各参数的敏感性。     

多线大角度斜交桥渡模型试验研究与工程实践

该文针对多线斜交桥渡在斜交角度较大的情况下,目前尚缺少理论及经验计算方法的特点,对某多线大角度斜交桥渡进行了水工模型试验。通过模型试验表明:在相同孔跨条件下,雍水值随斜交角的变化比较平缓,设计方案是可行的。实践证明顺水流方向布置桥墩是解决多线斜交桥墩台阻水问题的有效途径之一。