基于视觉干预的高速公路行车轨迹横向分布方法的研究

由车辆荷载在道路横断面的不均匀分布引起的高速公路路面局部破坏是影响路面寿命的主要原因之一。根据行车视觉环境与驾驶员行为之间的关系,利用视觉干预的理念,采用不同道路交通标线的组合使车辆行驶轨迹横向偏移,轮迹横向偏移后,路面横断面内受力趋于均匀,延长了路面寿命。研究成果为路面养护管理提供一种新方法。     

水泥混凝土桥面构造对桥面防水层粘结性能的影晌

选择2种常用的防水粘结材料,针对最能反映桥面防水层性能的两项关键指标,即抗剪性能和抗拉拔性能,研究表面构造深度和纹理方向这两个因素对于这两项性能的影响规律进行了分析,为防水层的设计和正确施工提供理论依据。     

大众AJR发动机电路图解读

大众车系电路图,绘制独特,内容详细,对检修工作有重要的指导意义。本文以大众AJR发动机电路图为例进行分析、解读,有助于对全车电路图的掌握和使用。     

金沙江特大桥桥址右岸岸坡工程地质问题研究

金沙江特大桥是丽（丽江）香（香格里拉）铁路的关键控制性工程之一,其桥基置于金沙江陡峻的峡谷岸坡上,岸坡是否稳定直接关系到桥址方案的可行性。从地形地貌、地层岩性、地质构造等方面对桥址方案右侧岸坡工程地质条件进行了分析,采用Sarma法、数值模拟方法,研究了桥基岸坡在自然状态、桥基开挖加载作用下、地震、水库设计蓄水等工况下的稳定性。研究结果表明:在考虑地震和水库设计蓄水影响下,岸坡将处于失稳状态,若作特大桥桥址必须对不良地质进行深入勘探,并进行切实可靠的工程治理。     

高速铁路大型客站给排水设计特点及效果分析

郑州东站给排水设计中涵盖了给水、排水、消防的全部内容,其特点为采用了储能罐式真空卸污方式,卸污系统能耗低,易于改扩建,适用性强;将物联网技术应用于给排水控制系统中,采用标准化的功能终端设备和网络传输通道,降低系统复杂性,提高系统可靠性,有利于终端设备运营维护。根据自来水的供水压力,针对用水点不同水压需求,采用分压供水方式,减少加压供水量,降低设备运行能耗;新型旅客列车上水设备的使用降低上水人员的劳动强度,提高了上水效率,节约了水资源;分区消防方式的选用,减少了消防设备的配置,节约了工程投资;直饮水设施配置为旅客健康提供了保障。     

胶济客运专线分区所改造设计

以胶济客运专线分区所改造为例,介绍既有柱上开关式分区所改造为箱式分区所的设计,分析既有牵引供电设备情况,结合既有柱上开关式分区所设备分析研究,提出胶济客运专线箱式分区所布置、远动系统接入、供电线设计方案,提高了供电设备的可靠性和方便维护管理,为类似电气化铁路分区所改造提供参考。     

一种信号设备电源远程监控系统的设计与实现

为实现远程实时查询信号设备电源的供电情况并能接通/切断信号设备电源,设计了一种信号设备电源远程监控系统。该系统以ARM处理器为核心,通过TCP/IP协议与监控中心的服务器进行远程数据交换;执行机构采用智能断路器的方式实现闭合/断开信号设备电源,支持本地手动控制和远程遥控2种操作方式。     

A numerical model of a HIL scaled roller rig for simulation of wheel–rail degraded adhesion condition

Scaled roller rigs used for railway applications play a fundamental role in the development of new technologies and new devices, combining the hardware in the loop (HIL) benefits with the reduction of the economic investments. The main problem of the scaled roller rig with respect to the full scale ones is the improved complexity due to the scaling factors. For this reason, before building the test rig, the development of a software model of the HIL system can be useful to analyse the system behaviour in different operative conditions. One has to consider the multi-body behaviour of the scaled roller rig, the controller and the model of the virtual vehicle, whose dynamics has to be reproduced on the rig. The main purpose of this work is the development of a complete model that satisfies the previous requirements and in particular the performance analysis of the controller and of the dynamical behaviour of the scaled roller rig when some disturbances are simulated with low adhesion conditions. Since the scaled roller rig will be used to simulate degraded adhesion conditions, accurate and realistic wheel–roller contact model also has to be included in the model. The contact model consists of two parts: the contact point detection and the adhesion model. The first part is based on a numerical method described in some previous studies for the wheel–rail case and modified to simulate the three-dimensional contact between revolute surfaces (wheel–roller). The second part consists in the evaluation of the contact forces by means of the Hertz theory for the normal problem and the Kalker theory for the tangential problem. Some numerical tests were performed, in particular low adhesion conditions were simulated, and bogie hunting and dynamical imbalance of the wheelsets were introduced. The tests were devoted to verify the robustness of control system with respect to some of the more frequent disturbances that may influence the roller rig dynamics. In particular we verified that the wheelset imbalance could significantly influence system performance, and to reduce the effect of this disturbance a multistate filter was designed.     

A fast-simplified wheel–rail contact model consistent with perfect plastic materials

A method is described which is an extension of rolling contact models with respect to plasticity. This new method, which is an extension of the STRIPES semi-Hertzian (SH) model, has been implemented in a multi-body-system (MBS) package and does not result in a longer execution time than the STRIPES SH model [J.B. Ayasse and H. Chollet, Determination of the wheel–rail contact patch in semi-Hertzian conditions, Veh. Syst. Dyn. 43(3) (2005), pp. 161–172]. High speed of computation is obtained by some hypotheses about the plastic law, the shape of stresses, the locus of the maximum stress and the slip. Plasticity does not change the vehicle behaviour but there is a need for an extension of rolling contact models with respect to plasticity as far as fatigue analysis of rail is concerned: rolling contact fatigue may be addressed via the finite element method (FEM) including material non-linearities, where loads are the contact stresses provided by the post-processing of MBS results [K. Dang Van, M.H. Maitournam, Z. Moumni, and F. Roger, A comprehensive approach for modeling fatigue and fracture of rails, Eng. Fract. Mech. 76 (2009), pp. 2626–2636]. In STRIPES, like in other MBS models, contact stresses may exceed the plastic yield criterion, leading to wrong results in the subsequent FEM analysis. With the proposed method, contact stresses are kept consistent with a perfect plastic law, avoiding these problems. The method is benchmarked versus non-linear FEM in Hertzian geometries. As a consequence of taking plasticity into account, contact patch area is bigger than the elastic one. In accordance with FEM results, a different ellipse aspect ratio than the one predicted by Hertz theory was also found and finally pressure does not exceed the threshold prescribed by the plastic law. The method also provides more exact results with non-Hertzian geometries. The new approach is finally compared with non-linear FEM in a tangent case with a unidirectional load and a complete slip: when plasticity is taken into account, and for large adhesion values, friction forces have an influence on the size of the contact patch. The proposed approach enables also to assess extensively the level of plasticity along a track through an indicator associated with a given yield stress.     

厦深铁路榕江特大桥列车运行稳定性试验研究

厦深铁路榕江特大桥为孔跨布置（110＋2×220＋110）m的钢桁梁柔性拱桥，桥面系为正交异性钢桥面系、有砟轨道，采用剪力法测试货物列车在桥上、路基、钢轨伸缩器3种不同位置的轮轨力，对货物列车运行稳定性指标进行计算分析和评判，验证了该桥梁运营的安全性；分析货物列车运行稳定性指标与速度的关系，揭示了轮对横向力、列车脱轨系数和轮重减载率的最大值随着车速的提高而增大的现象；对相同速度下货物列车通过不同轨道基础的运行稳定性指标进行比较，提出应特别重视钢轨伸缩调节器位置轨道结构的日常管养的建议；结合联调联试测试结果，对比分析货物列车和动车通过各测试工点的稳定性，结果表明动车组运行稳定性优于货物列车；试验也验证了本文设计的轮轨力标定加力架设计合理、使用方便。