基于TruckSim的客车行驶安全因素研究

一些行驶的车辆在一些紧急情况下可能会因为驾驶员对路面情况判断失误而导致交通事故的发生,客车相对于一些小型车辆来说重心高,稳定性相对较低,在路面上行驶安全性也相对较低,可能会出现侧滑、甩尾现象。文章研究客车行驶的稳定性,通过TruckSim软件对客车进行建模仿真,得到客车在不同道路条件路面上行驶时的试验性能曲线,分析影响客车的安全因素,有助于帮助驾驶员在安全地行驶速度下运行,提高客车安全性。     

半刚性基层与沥青面层粘结性能影响因素

借鉴国外LPDS剪切试验方法,通过自行设计的室内直剪试验和斜剪试验,以剪切强度和单位剪切强度(剪切强度与破坏变形的商)作为评价指标,研究了沥青混合料、粘层材料、半刚性基层材料、沥青混合料与粘层材料的界面、粘层材料与半刚性基层的界面对沥青面层和半刚性基层之间抗剪切强度的影响。分析结果表明:提高沥青混合料公称最大粒径和压实度将有利于增强层间粘结性;高强度、粗糙、密实型的半刚性材料也将有效改善基层与沥青面层的粘结性;粘度不是选择粘层材料的主要因素,应结合工程实际,通过试验选择粘层材料的品种与剂量;基层表面清理是提高层间粘结性的重要措施,透层油应在基层清理后撒布,剂量宜为0.3~0.6 L.m-2;在层间热沥青上撒布一定的单一粒径,较粗规格,且与沥青粘附性较好的碱性碎石不仅具有工程意义,对提高层间粘结水平也有较明显作用。     

不同因素对潜堤波浪传播的影响

针对波浪穿过梯形潜堤时的波浪形态沿程变化问题,以梯形潜堤为研究对象,通过二维水槽试验,研究梯形潜堤上规则波的传播特征。以比波高为参数分析不同波浪要素(波高、周期和水深等)对波浪传播变形的影响。试验结果表明,其他条件不变时,入射波高越大、波浪周期越小、堤顶淹没水深越小时,波高在潜堤上方衰减越明显。在有足够水深,且波高较小时,波浪对潜堤均有良好的穿透性;波高较大时,波浪在潜堤上部发生破碎,波浪穿过潜堤后波高衰减,此时潜堤的消波作用明显;在波浪不发生破碎情况下,较长周期波浪在潜堤顶部比波高增大,且出现双峰值。     

船体板格极限强度数值计算影响因素及敏感分析

船体板格极限强度的有限元计算方法应用广泛,但其计算方法具有一定的不稳定性,计算结果受多种因素的影响.本文针对船体板格有限元计算方法的不稳定性进行研究,通过将有限元计算结果与其他学者的研究成果进行对比,验证本文所采用的有限元方法的可靠性,然后针对板格材料、初始缺陷、网格密度、边界条件等几种因素的敏感性进行具体研究,发现理想应力应变关系会使得结果偏于危险.网格形状和网格密度对于结果均有影响,边界条件对于有限元结果有影响,最大误差在7.2%,并且模型3会使得结果偏于危险.初始缺陷是一敏感因素,最大误差在20%,因此需要根据实际缺陷选取合适的屈曲模态和比例因子.     

Empirical analysis of short period traffic counts and their efficiency: the case of Indian traffic

Short period traffic counts (SPTCs) are conducted routinely to estimate the annual average daily traffic (AADT) at a particular site. This paper uses Indian traffic volume data to methodically and extensively study the effect of four aspects related to the design of SPTCs. These four aspects are: (i) for how long, (ii) on which days should SPTCs be carried out, (iii) how many times, and (iv) on which months should SPTCs be carried out? The analyses indicate that the best durations for conducting SPTCs are 3 days (starting with a Thursday) and 7 days, for total traffic and truck traffic, respectively. Further, these counts should be repeated twice a year keeping a separation of two months between the counts to obtain good estimates of AADT at minimal cost. An additional outcome of this study has been the determination of seasonal factor values for roads in developing economies, like India.     

弹道导弹预警系统作战效能扰动因素分析及对策

从弹道导弹预警系统作战效能衡量的四个标准入手,分析了扰动弹道导弹预警系统作战效能的诸多因素,提出了相应对策,为充分发挥弹道导弹预警系统作战效能提供了对策依据。     

浅谈如何提高施工中砼路面的抗折强度

抗折强度是反映水泥混凝土路面强度的主要指标,是衡量水泥混凝土路面质量的重要指标。也是水泥混凝土路面质量控制的难点所在。从水泥质量、骨料、配合比设计、施工、养生等方面对如何提高水泥混凝土路面抗折强度作简浅剖析,恳请各位同行指教。     

Soil Body Deformation Caused by Construction of a Double-Line Shield Tunnel with Multiple Factors北大核心CSCD

Considering the influence of many factors (soil loss, frontal additional thrust, the friction force of the shield shell and the additional grouting force), a method for improving the uniform soil body movement model is pro-posed, and a mechanical calculation model is established to study the calculation method for soil body deformation caused by double-line parallel shield driving. Based on the Mindlin solutions of elastic mechanics, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by the last three factors are calculated; considering the uniform soil body movement model, the theoretical solutions for soil body deformations caused by soil loss are calculated, then the to-tal theoretical solutions for soil body deformations under multiple factors are obtained by means of superposition. The vertical surface settlement, vertical horizontal displacement, and vertical displacements of the soil body at different depths of Hangzhou Metro Line 1 are calculated to analyze the variation laws. Meanwhile the influential factors for horizontal displacement variation are studied. The research shows that with a change of depth, the settlement of the soil body changes within the scope of 10 to 13 m in the horizontal direction near where the maximum settlement occurs;the direction of the horizontal displacement of the soil body changes with a change of the positional relationship be-tween the calculation points and the tunnel; and with an increase of interval J for the two tunnels, the horizontal dis-placement of the soil body of a deep double-line tunnel decreases while the displacement near the surface changes slightly. © 2018, Editorial Office of "Modern Tunnelling Technology". All right reserved.     

船闸闸室结构的船-墙碰撞三维有限元分析

以江苏某重力式船闸闸室结构为例,采用ABAQUS软件建立船舶-闸室结构-土体三维有限元模型,对船舶撞击闸室进行瞬态动力分析,得到不同工况下的撞击力时程曲线和撞击力值等结果。研究结果表明:船舶撞击闸室的法向平均撞击力大小与船舶排水量的12次方、撞击速度的1次方、撞击角度的1次方成线性关系;将软件模拟的船舶法向撞击力数值与依据JTJ 307—2001《船闸水工建筑物设计规范》得到的计算值比较,发现规范公式得到的数值普遍偏小,低估了过闸船舶撞击力的影响。     

城市交通系统通行性影响因素及计算理论

文章分析了震后城市交通系统通行性的影响因素,提出了包含路段单元通行概率、路段连通概率及路网连通概率的城市交通系统通行性计算理论,为城市路网的连通可靠性评价提供参考。