基于Paramics的多相位感应信号控制仿真研究

介绍了微观交通仿真软件Paramics及其API函数,建立了基于微观交通仿真的感应信号控制策略技术路线,提出基于Paramics的感应信号控制仿真实现过程及相关技术,并结合仿真实例对仿真结果进行了分析.     

武昌徐东路口交通疏解方案研究

武汉市武昌徐东路口为和平大道与武青三干道十字交叉路口，紧邻武汉长江二桥。是连接汉口与武昌的重要枢纽。针对徐东平价地段现状交通量组成及远景交通量发展趋势。提出了改善交通状况的近远期方案，分析了各交通疏解方案的功能及优缺点，提出了适合徐东路口交通状况的近远期建设方案。     

温州汤家桥路—机场大道交叉口交通组织方案

汤家桥路—机场大道交叉口为主干路相交形成的五叉路口,通过利用左转二次控制方法,降低交叉口混乱程度,极大地提高了环行交叉口的通行能力。     

基于车流冲突线的无信号交叉口风险分析

为更客观、系统地分析无信号交叉口的安全性能,提出“车流冲突线”概念.通过分析首部车冲突概率、碰撞后严重程度比和冲突向后传递长度,构建无信号交叉口安全风险评估模型.研究表明：基于临界冲突距离值构建的首部车冲突概率模型,考虑两车速度、角度、加速度和反应时间,更接近交通冲突的真实过程;借助物理碰撞学原理可确定 3种冲突型态碰撞严重程度的权重关系,即,交叉∶合流∶分流为 12.705∶1.000∶1.000;利用数学期望知识建立的交叉口当量期望车流冲突量模型,综合考虑冲突发生的潜在机率、交通量大小、车辆位置等因素,可更真实描述实际车流冲突行为.     

城市公交停靠站设置常见问题及对策

公交停靠站设置不合理,会导致道路通行能力的下降,针对目前城市公交停靠站设置常见的问题,根据公交线路走向、道路横断面形式及交叉口的交通状况,结合公交停靠站类型、规模与道路用地可能条件等情况,从减少公交车辆和其它非公交车辆相互干扰的角度出发,给出解决这些问题的可行方案。     

Quasi-optimal feedback control for an isolated intersection under oversaturation

How to manage signalized intersections under oversaturated conditions is a long-standing problem in traffic science and engineering. However, although research works in this area date back to 1960s, an on-line control strategy with theoretically bounded performance is missing, even for the control of an isolated intersection under oversaturation. This paper makes one step further in this area by proposing a QUEUE-based quasi-optimal feedback control (abbreviated as QUEUE) strategy for an isolated oversaturated intersection. The QUEUE strategy is intuitive, simple, and proved to match the off-line optimum in the case of constant demand. More importantly, the bounds of sub-optimality of the QUEUE strategy can be specified quantitatively in general piece-wise constant demand cases. To better deal with the maximum queue constraints, the oversaturation period is divided into the queuing period and the dissipation period with two different objectives. In the queuing period, the primary objective is to keep the queue length within the maximum value; but for the dissipation period, the primary objective is to eliminate all queues at the earliest time. Interestingly, we found that both control objectives can be realized with the same QUEUE strategy. Numerical examples show that the QUEUE strategy approximates the off-line optimum very well. The average sub-optimality in comparison with the off-line optimum in the challenging conditions with Poisson distributed random demand is below 5%.     

Improved driver responses at intersections with red signal countdown timers

Traffic Signal Countdown Timers (TSCTs) are innovative, practical and cost effective technologies with the potential to improve efficiency at signalized intersections. The purpose of these devices is to assist motorists in decision-making at signalized intersections with real-time signal duration information. This study focused specifically on driver responses in the presence of a Red Signal Countdown Timer (RSCT). A Linear Mixed Effect (LME) model was developed to predict the effect of RSCT on the headway of the first vehicle waiting on a red signal. The model predicted 0.72 s reduction in the headway of the first queued vehicle resulting from the presence of RSCT, while the observed difference in mean headway was 0.82 s. This result is suggestive of a reduction in start-up lost time at signalized intersections, i.e., an improvement in signalized intersection efficiency when an RSCT is present.     

株洲二线船闸闸门及启闭机优化设计

株洲二线船闸人字门为超大型闸门,控制闸门的变形量是设计的重点和难点,船闸启闭机集中布置在闸首上部,需充分考虑吊装及检修方便。闸门门体结构进行多方案布置,分别进行结构计算,研究结构本身抵抗变形的能力,对闸门的附件进行优化设计。启闭机布置采用两种方案,并进行优缺点比选,重点考虑吊装、检修、通行、美观等因素。结果表明,闸门采用多主横梁+八隔板+水平次梁的方案刚度最好,防护系统及人行桥优化设计后更趋合理,启闭机布置采用空箱+吊物孔电动盖板方案,实现了吊装检修和通行方便。     

地铁隧道联络通道薄弱环节冻结孔布孔方式

地铁隧道联络通道冻结施工的最薄弱环节为隧道开挖对侧顶部区域的冻结。目前,该区域的冻结存在单排长孔冻结和长孔加短排加强孔冻结两种布孔方式。通过对杭州、上海的3个不同布孔方式的地铁联络通道工程现场温度数据的收集,冻结、开挖期间冻结效果的观测,以及钻孔施工情况的分析与对比,发现采用短排加强孔的冻结效果有明显的提升,但是过度密集的布孔可能会造成断管问题的出现。     

路段U型掉头设置的适用性研究

左转是产生冲突点最多、对交叉口影响最大的一个流向。U型掉头在改善左转与进出交通对干路车流的影响方面具有较大的作用。该方式已在我国一些大、中城市干路有所应用,但并不尽如人意。该文在分析路段U型掉头设置表层原因的基础上,从路口、路段设计、过街设施配置层面阐述我国U型掉头设置的深层次原因。并对U型掉头的适用条件、掉头区的数量、计算方法展开讨论。研究认为,U型掉头是弥补路口、路段设计缺陷的有效方法,但不是常用方法;优化断面、健全路口、合理设置过街设施是道路设计需首先考虑的任务。