氮分压对TiN离子镀层影响的研究

对工业用高速钢钻头采用空心阴极离子镀和多弧离子镀的ＴｉＮ镀层进行了研究。比较了不同氮分压下镀层色泽，显微硬度；用扫描电镜观察表面形貌及截面象并测定层厚；应用划痕法测定镀层结合强度，实验结果表明离子镀层显微硬度比基体提高２－４倍；不同方法及不同氮分压的镀层表面形貌不同，多弧离子镀层有５－１０μｍ颗粒。截面象中镀层呈层状，层结合强度随氮分压升高而增加。     

地理信息系统中数据库间数据交换技术的研究

鉴于地理信息系统中数据交换信息量巨大,提出利用数据交换通信平台(DECP)作为中间层,来实现异构数据库之间的数据传输和交换。DECP由数据访问层、业务逻辑层、安全代理、数据传送代理、客户代理、消息层、事务管理器七个部分组成。DECP所采用的关键技术是基于代理的安全技术、系统调度、异构数据库的访问和事务的调度和管理。     

Gas transfer velocities of CO2 and CH4 in a tropical reservoir and its river downstream

We have measured simultaneously the methane (CH₄) and carbon dioxide (CO₂) surface concentrations and water–air fluxes by floating chambers (FC) in the Petit-Saut Reservoir (French Guiana) and its tidal river (Sinnamary River) downstream of the dam, during the two field experiments in wet (May 2003) and dry season (December 2003). The eddy covariance (EC) technique was also used for CO₂ fluxes on the lake. The comparison of fluxes obtained by FC and EC showed little discrepancies mainly due to differences in measurements durations which resulted in different average wind speeds. When comparing the gas transfer velocity (k₆₀₀) for a given wind speed, both methods gave similar results. On the lake and excluding rainy events, we obtained an exponential relationship between k₆₀₀ and U₁₀, with a significant intercept at 1.7 cm h^− 1, probably due to thermal effects. Gas transfer velocity was also positively related to rainfall rates reaching 26.5 cm h⁻¹ for a rainfall rate of 36 mm h^− 1. During a 24-h experiment in dry season, rainfall accounted for as much as 25% of the k₆₀₀. In the river downstream of the dam, k₆₀₀ values were 3 to 4 times higher than on the lake, and followed a linear relationship with U₁₀.     

离子化检测技术在军用毒剂监测中的应用

简要介绍离子化检测技术的发展过程和装备情况,重点介绍了代表当前离子化技术水平的闭合漂移管IMS技术原理、特点和发展趋势。     

码头混凝土中的氯离子侵入研究

对码头的不同构件钻取了一批混凝土芯样,测量了其中CaCO3的含量和氯离子分布,分析了局部环境对碳化和氯离子分布的影响。试验结果表明,在极度潮湿环境下混凝土碳化进展缓慢,且碳化区域以未完全碳化区为主导,混凝土碳化的深度最终趋于一个极限值。局部环境可导致混凝土中氯离子分布发生较大变化,在混凝土表层氯离子侵入方式复杂,可形成一个氯离子含量平稳区段,只有在一定深度内才符合扩散机理。     

杭州湾跨海大桥承台海工高性能混凝土的试验研究

该文根据杭州湾跨海大桥承台混凝土数量大、环境恶劣等特点,对海工高性能、大体积混凝土的性能指标进行了试验和研究。混凝土配合比设计以耐久性为核心、各项性能均衡一致为目标、并遵循抗氯离子渗透性与抗裂性并重的原则,采用大掺量矿物掺和料、性能优良的聚羧酸减水剂、低水胶比等技术,配制出抗氯离子渗透性好、水化热低、体积稳定性好、抗裂性能良好的承台混凝土。有关数据可供类似工程参考。     

矿粉掺量对碎卵石混凝土性能的影响

通过试验测定四种水胶比下,不同矿粉掺量对碎卵石混凝土的强度、抗氯离子渗透性、抗冻性的影响.结果表明,随着水胶比的增大,掺加矿粉的碎卵石混凝土强度、抗氯离子渗透性及抗冻性均减弱.随着矿粉掺量的增加,碎卵石混凝土的7d强度不断降低,28d,56d和120d强度变化存在波动,20%为最佳矿粉掺量;抗氯离子渗透性得到明显改善;抗冻性有所降低,矿粉掺量越大,降低相对越快.     

Surface CO2 measurements in the English Channel and Southern Bight of North Sea using voluntary observing ships

Ships of opportunity have been used to investigate ocean–atmosphere CO₂ fluxes in the English Channel and Southern Bight of the North Sea. Continuous underway measurements of the fugacity of seawater carbon dioxide (fCO₂^sw), chlorophyll, temperature and salinity have been performed along 26 transects during the spring and autumn periods. The spatial fCO₂^sw distribution along the Channel and Southern Bight is modulated by the photosynthetic activity, temperature changes and water mixing between inputs from the North Atlantic Ocean and riverine discharges. The seasonal variability of fCO₂^sw is assessed and discussed in terms of the biology and temperature effects, these having similar impacts. The variation of fCO₂^sw shows similar interannual patterns, with lower values in spring. The annual average of air–sea CO₂ fluxes places the English Channel as neutral area of CO₂ uptake. The spring and autumn data allow differentiating between distal and proximal continental areas. The Southern Bight shows a tendency towards net CO₂ uptake on the distal continental shelf, whereas the Scheldt and Thames Plumes show a CO₂ source behaviour on the proximal continental shelves.     

中国铁通部署网络智能化的思路探讨

在传统的PSTN网上开展全新业务时往往遇到网络制约问题，实施网络智能化，可以将所有呼叫上传到智能网处理，有可能集中管理用户数据，给用户带来全新的业务体验，运营管理更加便捷。从中国铁通的实际出发，探讨了部署网络智能化的思路。