交通职业技术学院学生职业价值观问题研究

市场经济所带来的多元化择业观念,使毕业生集体主义观念和社会责任感观念淡化,从而在就业选择上趋向于功利化、自我化。文章针对当前交通职业技术学院学生职业价值观的这一变化,分析学生现实型职业价值观与传统型职业价值观之旬的冲突,提出了交通职业技术学校在职业价值观教育方面应采取的措施。     

价值工程在客车研发中的应用

简要介绍价值工程的原理及价值工程在客车成本控制方面的实际应用。     

隧道数字化火灾预警系统的在线量化评估

为检查和评价隧道及地下空间火灾预警系统的实际功能,需要一套可行的在线评估手段。根据近年来国内外全尺寸隧道火灾发展曲线的试验结果,提出隧道火情的定义依据;引用运营隧道内准分布式光纤光栅感温火灾探测器的实测数据,证明运营中隧道报警系统的个性化现象;提出合格的数字化报警系统应存在一个在统计学意义上使漏报率和误报率同时达到期望值的合理阈值取值区间;建议以该区间的尺度作为该系统功能完好性的评估指标;对日常隧道运行温度数据的统计分析可估计合理阈值取值区间的下限,对规定条件下的现场点火试验温度数据分析可估计合理阈值取值区间的上限。在隧道运营期该区间尺度可实时在线自动更新。     

跨境供应链网络海外仓的鲁棒性选址模型及算法

新经济形态下,全球政治、经济形势瞬息万变,多种人为和自然因素导致商业供应链的生存环境日益严峻. 跨境供应链网络作为典型的时效性和运营环境等都具有极大不确定性的复杂网络,研究其鲁棒性问题具有一定的理论意义和实际应用场景. 首先阐明了跨境供应链网络的内涵,认为海外仓的选址优化是控制网络鲁棒性的重要手段;随后基于最小最大后悔值构建了海外仓的鲁棒性选址模型,利用情景松弛算法对模型进行求解. 算例分析结果证明,所构建的海外仓鲁棒性选址模型及算法适用于跨境供应链网络情景.     

基于信令数据的出行强度影响因素分析模型

为探究城市交通出行强度影响因素及不同因素的影响程度,本文从土地利用与交通基础设施建设两方面出发,分析包括土地利用混合指数,职住混合率熵指数,公共交通站点 500 m覆盖率,路网可达性等17个指标与出行强度的相关关系;基于相关系数和拟合优度分析,提取7个与出行强度强相关指标,基于所识别指标构建北京市中心城区出行强度多元回归模型.模型结果表明,职住混合率熵指数对出行强度的影响最为显著,公共交通站点覆盖率对出行强度的影响比道路网密度和可达性更为明显.此外,给出单一土地利用/交通基础设施指标对出行强度拟合结果的离群特征分析方法,用于评估不同区域基础设施供给与交通出行需求之间的平衡关系.     

学生评教在高等教育管理中的价值回归

学生评教是提高高校教育教学管理质量的有效监督手段,通过学生评教促进教师教学、科研能力的全面提升。从立德树人、教学相长、尊师重教、回归教学本真四个方面发挥学生评教功能。     

A Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy with multiclass network equilibria

This paper extends the work on Pareto-improving hybrid rationing and pricing policy for general road networks by considering heterogeneous users with different values of time. Mathematical programming models are proposed to find a multiclass Pareto-improving pure road space rationing scheme (MPI-PR) and multiclass hybrid rationing and pricing schemes (MHPI and MHPI-S). A numerical example with a multimodal network is provided for comparing both the efficiency and equity of the three proposed policies. We discover that MHPI-S can achieve the largest reduction in total system delay, MHPI can induce the least spatial inequity and MHPI-S is a progressive policy which is appealing to policy makers. Furthermore, numerical results reveal that different classes of users react differently to the same hybrid policies and multiclass Pareto-improving hybrid schemes yield less delay reduction when compared to their single-class counterparts.     

采空区地层变形产生的隧道附加荷载及变形容许值计算与分析

文章分别计算了采空区上方地层弯曲时对隧道产生的附加荷载q1、q2及地层水平应变时对隧道产生的附加荷载qH,并推导出了采空区地层容许弯曲变形和水平应变数值.结果表明,现行交通部《采空区公路设计与施工技术细则》规定的采空区地基容许变形值较为笼统且偏大,结构偏于不安全.最后,文章根据计算结果对比,对不同围岩级别提出了更严格、更安全、更有针对性和可操作性的隧道对采空区地层变形限制要求,以供广大隧道工作者参考使用.     

Environmental protection motivation in coastal zone land‐use legislation

Abstract

Analysis of recent substantive coastal land use management laws shows that their main thrust is to provide for protection of the coastal environment from adverse impacts of uncontrolled development. The four purposes cited most frequently among laws of 17 states were: Protection of wildlife and fisheries, protection of ecosystems or the natural environment, control of development, and enhancement of esthetic values. Other purposes were to: Protect life and property, enhance public recreation, conserve soil, and protect water resources. Development and economic purposes were cited in relatively few laws.     

Thermidor in land use control?

Abstract

In June 1987, the U.S. Supreme Court in Nollan v. California Coastal Commission held against the California Coastal Commission. Did this legal landmark signal the rise of a new, conservative jurisprudence of takings? And if yes, did that imply the demise of what had been accomplished by the so‐called quiet revolution in land use control that swept the country in the late 1960s and early 1970s? The complexities of this case cannot be understood apart from the historical evolution of the Coastal Commission's policies through the 1970s and 1980s, particularly its coastal access policies. Because of these policies the Coastal Commission, since its inception in 1972, has been subjected to all kinds of criticism, but at the same time has been widely praised for its balanced approach. These varying assessments of the role and record of the Commission also underly the conflicting viewpoints and arguments of Justices Scalia, who wrote for the majority in Nollan, and Brennan, who filed an extremely strong dissent. The resulting legal uncertainties, added to the political setbacks suffered from a lukewarm legislature and a hostile governor, forced the Commission to temper its assertive mission of maximizing coastal access, at least for the time being.