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建立出行者基本属性与交通方式选择的关系模型,研究影响和引导城市交通方式结构的有效措施。采用非集计模型建立出行者个人属性、家庭属性和出行属性与个体出行方式选择的函数关系,从城市统计资料中获取城市居民个人属性、家庭属性和出行属性数据,应用非集计模型来推算和预测交通方式结构。居民出行交通方式选择与个人属性、家庭属性和出行属性之间有较稳定的关系,其随着时间的推移变化甚微。非集计模型所推算的交通方式结构较为精确,用于交通方式结构的预测是可行的。所建立的模型亦用于研究影响交通方式选择的关键因素。非集计模型可用于交通方式结构的调整和优化,通过对可控影响因素的引导和调整,达到优化交通方式结构的目的。     

A data model applied to the knowledge-based ICAS

Image-guided computer aided surgery system (ICAS) contributes to safeness and success of surgery operations by means of displaying anatomical structures and showing correlative information to surgeons in the process of operation. Based on analysis of requirements for ICAS, a new concept of clinical knowledge-based ICAS was proposed. Designing a reasonable data structure model is essential for realizing this new concept. The traditional data structure is limited in expressing and reusing the clinical knowledge such as locating an anatomical object, topological relations of anatomical objects and correlative clinical attributes. A data structure model called mixed adjacency lists by octree-path-chain (MALOC) was outlined, which can combine patient's images with clinical knowledge, as well as efficiently locate the instrument and search the objects' information. The efficiency of data structures was analyzed and experimental results were given in comparison to other traditional data structures. The result of the nasal surgery experiment proves that MALOC is a proper model for clinical knowledge-based ICAS that has advantages in not only locating the operative instrument precisely but also proving surgeons with real-time operation-correlative information. It is shown that the clinical knowledge-based ICAS with MALOC model has advantages in terms of safety and success of surgical operations, and help in accurately locating the operative instrument and providing operation-correlative knowledge and information to surgeons in the process of operations.     

斜拉桥索塔锚固区环形预应力束孔道摩阻试验研究

通过某公路立交桥索塔锚固区节段足尺模型试验,实测索塔锚固区内环形预应力钢束的摩阻系数、应力损失率和伸长量等数据,与设计数据进行校核、修正,并确定实际的环形预应力束张拉的摩阻系数以及初始张拉控制应力值．使环形预应力束张拉伸长值控制在合理范围。     

Modeling research on manufacturing execution system based on large-scale system cybernetics

A cybernetics model of manufacturing execution system(MES CM) was proposed and studied from the viewpoint of cybernetics.Combining with the features of manufacturing system, the MES CM was modeled by"generalized modeling"method that is discussed in large-scale system theory.The mathematical model of MES CM was constructed by the generalized operator model, and the main characteristics of MES CM were analyzed.     

结构模式对转向架构架扭转刚度的影响

将客车转向架焊接H形构架简化为由等截面直梁组成的模型,通过考察各梁在扭转载荷下的变形分布,研究降低构架扭转刚度的措施,并采用有限元方法对理论分析结果进行了验证。计算结果表明:侧梁上盖板开槽能使构架扭转刚度降低3%;改变横梁截面形式后,构架扭转刚度将减小19%,构架在超常载荷下的最大von_Mises应力降低3%。分析结果表明:构架侧梁上盖板开槽对其扭转刚度影响不大,并将引起局部区域较强的应力集中;横梁弯曲与扭转刚度对转向架构架扭转刚度有较大影响,将无缝钢管横梁改为箱型梁能够显著降低构架扭转刚度;同时,由于扭转刚度降低,构架在超常载荷下最大von_Mises应力也有所降低,轨道扭曲载荷对构架强度的影响减弱。     

钢桥面铺装混合料三轴重复加载试验变形特性

为了研究钢桥面铺装材料的高温变形特性及其车辙预估方法, 针对MA及SMA两种钢桥面铺装混合料, 采用三轴重复加载试验评价其高温性能, 并根据试验结果, 通过多元线性回归得到材料的非线性计算模型参数, 使用ABAQUS有限元软件, 模拟三轴试验过程, 将计算变形与实测变形相比较。发现两种混合料高温变形发展规律以及对不同荷载条件的响应方式不同, SMA具有优异的高温抗变形能力; 有限元模拟的误差约为10%。分析结果表明: 采用三轴重复加载试验和多元线性回归确定材料的非线性计算模型参数的方法可靠, 模型参数可用于沥青桥面铺装的车辙变形预估。     

农村公路建设中低造价路面结构的尝试

主要针对农村公路建设中降低路面结构造价,解决地方资金筹措的问题所做的一些尝试。     

大断面箱涵单端超长顶进监控量测技术的研究

首都国际机场区域内,毗邻机场主跑道、快滑道,进行箱涵断面尺寸为23．2m×8．55m,单端顶进长达232m的箱涵顶进施工,设计要求隧道箱涵顶进过程中引起的地表沉降值控制在25mm以内,跑道终期沉降小于40mm,鉴于本工程的特点,监控量测作为施工的先导成为本工程成功与否的关键。     

钢管混凝土拱桥非线性分析

同时考虑了几何非线性和材料非线性,对浙江淳安南浦大桥进行结构非线性分析,结果表明对南浦大桥这种大跨（跨径大于300m）、宽跨比小（接近1／20）的钢管混凝土桁式拱桥,几何非线性和材料非线性的影响均较大,在设计和施工时不应忽略。     

钢管混凝土拱桥拱肋刚度设计取值分析

为了解桁式钢管混凝土拱肋弦管设计刚度对拱桥受力性能计算结果的影响, 以一座钢管混凝土多肢桁式拱桥为实例, 建立了有限元模型, 进行了弦管截面设计刚度取值的参数分析, 在对已建钢管混凝土桁式拱桥的截面构成进行调查的基础上, 提出了桁式拱桥截面设计刚度取值建议, 即根据不同的计算要求, 混凝土截面刚度折减系数取1.0或0.4。分析结果显示, 按照该建议, 截面的内力计算值为实测值的1.2~1.5倍, 变形计算值为实测值的1.5~1.9倍。可见, 此取值建议可以保证桁式钢管混凝土拱桥的设计具有一定的安全储备。