Transient responses of a VLFS during landing and take-off of an airplane

The transient elastic deformation of a pontoon-type very large floating structure (VLFS) caused by the landing and take-off of an airplane is computed by the time-domain mode-expansion method. The memory effects in hydrodynamic forces are taken into account, and great care is paid to numerical accuracy in evaluating all the coefficients appearing in the simultaneous differential equations for the elastic motion of a VLFS. The time-histories of the imparted force and the position and velocity of an airplane during landing and take-off are modeled with data from a Boeing 747-400 jumbo jet. Simulation results are shown of 3-D structural waves on a VLFS and the associated unsteady drag force on an airplane, which is of engineering importance, particularly during take-off. The results for landing show that the airplane moves faster than the structural waves generated in the early stage, and the waves overtake the airplane as its speed decreases to zero. The results for take-off are essentially the same as those for landing, except that the structural waves develop slowly in the early stage, and no obstacle exists on the runway after the take-off of airplane. The additional drag force on an airplane due to the elastic responses of the runway considered in this work was found to be small in magnitude.     

起重机仿真训练器的研制与应用

通过对国内外港口装卸机械司机的培训状况分析,论述了在我国研制和应用计算机仿真训练器的现实意义和效益,提出了计算机仿真训练器的初步方案,并对其功能,结构和工作原理作了说明。     

墩台施工监理中的若干问题

针对工程的特殊性 ,管理人员在质量控制方面及相关协调工作方面进行了必要的调整和大胆尝试 ,最终促成该项目的圆满完成。     

基于相对变形的大变形隧道地应力反算

针对复杂地质条件下高地应力大变形隧道地应力复杂多变的特点，为满足该类隧道动态设计对地应力资料的要求，提出基于上台阶开挖后拱腰水平收敛与拱顶下沉的相对比值并结合开挖揭示的围岩情况，建立二维数值模型反算地应力的方法。以丽江至香格里拉铁路中义隧道为例，对该方法进行详细说明。研究表明所述方法具有无需地应力测试、计算方便的优点，施工期间可用于地应力分析、预测。中义隧道典型区段地应力反算结果表明： 1）隧道出口及2号横洞工区的地应力分布特点并不相同； 2）围岩及埋深差别不大的区段，隧道水平收敛变形出现较大差异主要是由于地应力侧压力系数不同引起的。     

Optimal selection of suspension parameters in large scale vehicle models

Optimum values are selected for the suspension damping and stiffness parameters of complex car models, subjected to road excitation, by applying suitable numerical methodologies. These models result from a detailed finite-element discretisation and possess a relatively large number of degrees of freedom. They also involve strongly nonlinear characteristics, due mostly to large rigid body rotation of some of their components and the properties of the connection elements. First, attention is focused on gaining some insight into the dynamics of the mechanical models examined, resulting when the vehicle passes over roads involving typical geometric profiles. Then, the emphasis is shifted to presenting results obtained by applying appropriate optimisation methodologies. For this purpose, three classes of design criteria are first set up, referring to passenger ride comfort, suspension travel and car road holding and yielding the most important suspension stiffness and damping parameters. Originally, the optimisation is performed by forming a composite cost function and employing a single-objective optimisation method. Since the design criteria are conflicting, a multi-objective optimisation methodology is also set up and applied subsequently.     

路网环境下考虑大型车混入率的事故疏散诱导模型

大型车的混入对高速公路交通流产生了较大的影响，尤其是在交通事故情景下。为了引导事故条件下驾驶人和组织者做出高效准确的决断，将考虑了大型车混入率的动态空间占有率模型引入到交通波模型，构建干涉与非干涉情景下的交通事故影响模型。以郑尧高速为例，对模型的准确性和可行性进行了验证，分别对干涉情景下的疏散时间、疏散量以及事故发生的位置，车辆数等指标与事故影响程度的指标（包含事故最远排队长度，事故持续时间）关系进行分析。研究结果表明：疏散时间与事故影响程度成正相关关系，疏散量与事故影响程度成负相关关系，而事故发生点与上游匝道之间的距离与其关系不大；道路服务水平为0.456，车辆数为1 321 veh·h^-1时，为了使得分合流区不受影响，在不采取任何措施的情景下，应将大型车混入率控制在50.1%以下，使得最远排队长度在10 km内；当大型车混入率大于58%时，将很难通过干涉引导避免对上游分合流区产生影响；在35 min以内采取干涉措施的效果最为明显，而大于35 min时，事故持续时间会发生一个急剧的增加，不利于路网恢复，之后事故恢复时间将趋于平稳；对道路交通量进行模拟可知交通量每增加50 veh，疏散时间和距离增加的范围为[1.5 min，3.6 min]和[1.209 km，1.543 km]。研究结果可为高速公路事故诱导策略制定和疏散效果提升提供参考。     

索塔横梁设计中的关键性问题

通过江顺大桥索塔横梁的设计与计算，对索塔横梁的一些关键性问题进行了分析探讨，并提出了相应的解决方案，为其它斜拉桥索塔横梁的设计提供参考。     

一种轻型天线稳定平台的设计

介绍了一种适用于大振动、冲击、强电磁干扰、倒单摆式大惯量负载等特殊要求的轻型天线稳定平台的机电一体化设计.可对类似的应用提供有用的借鉴.     

插入式大圆筒岸壁结构设计的新思路

通过对几个已建工程的回顾,归纳了我国插入式大圆筒岸壁水工建筑物通常的设计思路,并结合前苏联(俄罗斯联邦)、日本、英国等国家的相关结构设计规范或标准以及格型钢板桩(管)岸壁结构的设计思路或计算方法,对插入式大圆筒岸壁结构的使用条件、设计思路进行了统计归纳和对比分析。在总结现有设计与施工技术经验的基础上,提出了插入式大圆筒岸壁结构的使用条件和结构设计的新思路,希望起到抛砖引玉之作用。     

思南东互通管理区大型滑坡变形机理分析与治理措施

思南东互通管理区滑坡发生后，进行了多种手段的地质勘察工作，但勘察结果似有多处矛盾，难以对这一危害巨大的滑坡做出准确定性和评价。对此，全面分析了该滑坡的变形机理，指出看似矛盾的数据其实是该滑坡变形过程和机理的真实反映，是掌握该滑坡特点的基础资料。分析结果证明:在分析滑坡变形机理的基础上，有针对性地提出了治理滑坡的措施，治理结果表明，治理措施取得了明显效果。研究成果对同类型滑坡的勘察评价及治理具有参考价值。