对有序组合树法的改进

为了提高有序组合树法的运算效率，必须充分利用约束条件中的有关信息．通过深入分析，提出了极差、必选变量、不可选变量等概念，将多个约束条件联系成为一个整体．提出了用检验约束条件的相容性，并以相容性为判据进行截枝的新办法．证明了如果必选变量全部取值为1是可行解，则必是最优解。给出了改进后的有序组合树法的计算步骤流程．     

迫导向转向架低锥度失稳问题的研究

本文深入探讨了迫导向转向架所具有的低锥度失稳问题。以三轴、二轴迫导向转向架为对象建立数学模型,分析运动学失稳和动力学失稳两种模式。得到不同导向刚度下产生失稳的临界踏面锥度和不同锥度下的临界速度值。研究发现,通过参数的合理匹配,可使临界锥度降至常见最小锥度以下,从而可以避免低锥度失稳,为迫导向转向架的参数设计提出了一个新的准则。     

高桥墩墩顶水平位移的计算与分析

考虑板式橡胶支座的弹性约束作用、地基弹性变形的影响,用能量法对高桥墩墩顶水平位移进行计算与分析;算例表明,对具有板式橡胶支座的弹性地基高桥墩的设计计算,支座对高桥墩弹性约束和地基的弹性变位影响不可忽视.     

轮轨接触应力的有限元分析

利用ANSYS有限元分析软件对轮轨接触进行了弹性静力分析,模拟了轮轨真实的几何形状和边界条件,分别研究了轴重、轮径、横移量对接触应力的影响,并对各种参数的变化规律进行了分析,得出了轮轨间接触应力的分布规律。     

多 Agent 虚拟企业的契约柔性机制设计

为降低多agent敏捷虚拟企业联盟契约的刚性，可引入激励约束机制．为进一步克服联盟契约的刚性，使激励机制充分发挥作用，应引入契约柔性机制．建立了基于动态稳定的联盟契约的激励约束机制模型和联盟契约柔性机制模型．利用这两个模型，通过观察各Agent的投资收益、贡献水平和动态调整分成比例，可有效降低多agent虚拟企业联盟契约的刚性．     

一种多通道信息融合的横向减振器性能退化阶段辨别方法

对于转向架这样复杂的系统,分布在系统不同位置的传感器可以实时检测大量数据。这些数据能够反映高速列车运行过程中转向架关键部件的性能退化状态,但单一通道的振动信号存在着信息缺失、信噪比低等缺陷,无法据此实现转向架关键部件性能退化阶段的精确辨识。因此,本文以横向减振器为研究对象,通过对转向架振动数据相关性分析,提出了车体和转向架上多个通道的振动信号共同用于横向减振器性能退化阶段辨识的方法。并通过构建基于CNN的多通道信息融合模型,将多个通道信息进行融合,实现了横向减振器性能退化特征的自适应提取与阶段辨识。将该方法与基于单个通道的方法进行比较,结果表明,该方法能够精确实现横向减振器间隔10%的性能退化阶段辨识。     

基于边界约束刚度参数优化的轨道扣件弹条防断裂设计方法

为了研究弹条服役状态下模态频率与波磨激励频率一致引发的共振断裂问题,建立潘得路FC快速弹条有限元简化模型,通过以弹簧为边界条件模拟弹条不同部位的约束,分析其模态频率随约束刚度的变化规律,提出基于弹条约束刚度参数优化的防断裂设计方法。结果表明:弹条扣压端垂向约束刚度(150～450 N/mm)对弹条第一、三阶模态频率(400、900 Hz)有显著的正相关作用,并对第三阶共振峰幅值有明显影响;弹条后跟下部径向约束刚度(400～1 600 N/mm)的变化,引起弹条第二阶模态频率(660 Hz)的变化,两者呈现正相关关系,同时对弹条第二阶共振峰幅值也有显著影响。弹条第二、第三阶模态频率为危险频率,防断裂设计时应重点考虑。     

On the morning commute problem with bottleneck congestion and parking space constraints

Morning commuters choose their departure times based on a combination of factors—the chances of running into bottleneck congestion, the likely schedule delays, and parking space availability. This study investigates the morning commute problem with both bottleneck congestion and parking space constraints. In particular, it considers the situation when some commuters have reserved parking spots while others have to compete for public ones on a first-come-first-served basis. Unlike the traditional pure bottleneck model, the rush-hour dynamic traffic pattern with a binding parking capacity constraint varies with the relative proportions of the two classes of commuters. It is found that an appropriate combination of reserved and unreserved parking spots can temporally relieve traffic congestion at the bottleneck and hence reduce the total system cost, because commuters without a reserved parking spot are compelled to leave home earlier in order to secure a public parking spot. System performance is quantified in terms of the relative proportions of the two classes of commuters and is compared with those in the extreme cases when all auto commuters have to compete for parking and when none of them have to compete for one.     

淤泥质土封闭作用下侧压力试验研究

天然软土上覆的硬壳层对其下的软土具有封闭作用,会改变其下软土层侧压力分布及传递规律。为探究封闭作用下淤泥质土侧向土压力特性,通过模拟3种不同工况的室内试验,研究含水率、加载方式、硬壳层完整性对侧压力竖向分布规律,侧压力系数及横向传递特性的影响。试验结果表明:侧向土压力沿深度呈上段抛物线、下段近似直线的半抛物线形分布,其半抛物线趋势受含水率、荷载等级的影响;侧压力系数在一定范围内随深度增加,之后趋于稳定,受含水率影响不大。该结果证明,封闭状态下淤泥质土侧向受荷性能具有类似流体的性质,从工程安全角度考虑,设计时可将封闭状态下淤泥质土侧压力系数取为1。同时,硬壳层完整性对淤泥土中应力传递具有一定影响。     

A planar quasi-static constraint mode tyre model

The fast-paced, iterative, vehicle design environment demands efficiency when simulating suspension loads. Towards that end, a computationally efficient, linear, planar, quasi-static tyre model is developed in this work that accurately predicts a tyre's lower frequency, reasonably large amplitude, nonlinear stiffness relationship. The axisymmetric, circumferentially isotropic, stiffness equation is discretised into segments, then parameterised by a single stiffness parameter and two shape parameters. The tyre's deformed shape is independent of the overall tyre stiffness and the forces acting on the tyre. Constraint modes capture enveloping and bridging properties and a recursive method yields the set of active constraints at the tyre–road interface. The nonlinear stiffness of a tyre is captured by enforcing unidirectional geometric boundary conditions. The model parameters are identified semi-empirically; simulated cleat test loads match experiments within 7% including nonlinear stiffness when simulating a flat plate test and a discontinuous stiffness when simulating a cleat test.