Influence of some vehicle and track parameters on the environmental vibrations induced by railway traffic

A study is performed on the influence of some typical railway vehicle and track parameters on the level of ground vibrations induced in the neighbourhood. The results are obtained from a previously validated simulation framework considering in a first step the vehicle/track subsystem and, in a second step, the response of the soil to the forces resulting from the first analysis. The vehicle is reduced to a simple vertical 3-dof model, corresponding to the superposition of the wheelset, the bogie and the car body. The rail is modelled as a succession of beam elements elastically supported by the sleepers, lying themselves on a flexible foundation representing the ballast and the subgrade. The connection between the wheels and the rails is realised through a non-linear Hertzian contact. The soil motion is obtained from a finite/infinite element model. The investigated vehicle parameters are its type (urban, high speed, freight, etc.) and its speed. For the track, the rail flexural stiffness, the railpad stiffness, the spacing between sleepers and the rail and sleeper masses are considered. In all cases, the parameter value range is defined from a bibliographic browsing. At the end, the paper proposes a table summarising the influence of each studied parameter on three indicators: the vehicle acceleration, the rail velocity and the soil velocity. It namely turns out that the vehicle has a serious influence on the vibration level and should be considered in prediction models.     

Investigating the influence of soil properties on railway traffic vibration using a numerical model

This paper presents the influence of dynamic and geometrical soil parameters on the propagation of ground vibrations induced by external loads. The proposed approach is based on a three-dimensional model, focusing on realistic excitation sources like impulse loads and moving railway vehicles. For the latter, a complete vehicle/track model is developed. The simulation is performed in time domain, offering an interesting approach, compared with classic cyclic analyses. The ground is modelled initially as an elastic homogeneous half-space and additionally as a layered half-space. First, the effect of homogeneous soil properties on ground vibration is analysed. Soil stratification is then taken into account, using various configurations. Analysis reveals that as receiver distance increases ground wave reflection in a layered ground plays an important role in the reduction of ground surface motion. This effect is magnified when the phase velocity wavelength becomes large compared with the depth of the surface layer.     

基于有限元技术的构件疲劳寿命计算

以转8A型转向架侧架为例,介绍了有限元技术应用于构件疲劳寿命分析的过程。按照"准静态"方法将有限元分析得到的静态应力与实测的载荷时间历程相结合得到模型上各点应力时间历程,结合ZG230 450材料的S N关系进行了结构整体的疲劳寿命计算。有限元分析软件是I DEAS,疲劳寿命分析软件是FE FATIGUE。     

基于光流法的舰船运动要素测定原理研究

对基于光流法的舰船运动要素测定原理进行了研究，主要包括光流法测定舰船运动要素的思想、光流场解算、三维运动参数解算和舰船运动要素解算。该方法的提出，提高了运动要素测定的自主性，而且满足新型全封闭舰船的测定要求。     

防止电力机车进入无电单元(区)的安全预警方法

针对目前计划内接触网停电时电力机车进入无电单元(区)的问题,提出了基于动态停电作业区域数据对比库语音、屏幕鼠标点击坐标和高清成像分析进行"三元素二阶段"处理对比方法,以减少人员操作失误和损失.机车/车次信息及对应机车属性先由操作人员办理接发列预告(办理闭塞)的语音识别获取,再通过TDCS/CTC终端机非上位机获取并核对...     

当代大型豪华邮轮功能与空间美学趋势研究

  目的  针对中国邮轮创意设计能力不足、承载欧美生活方式的艺术设计风格无法满足中国人审美需求的问题,开展融入中国元素的本土邮轮设计实践。  方法  首先,在分析中国游客消费特征和行为偏好的基础上,提出客舱选择、饮食方式、娱乐活动和购物消费等个性化的设计目标,完成邮轮功能设置分析和客舱空间设计;然后,将“鲲”形象作为中国文化创意理念来源,从整体轮廓、侧立面、艏艉部、烟囱、涂装和灯光设计等邮轮外形特征元素方面,进行功能舱室区划与外形匹配设计。  结果  从用户行为、文化创意、艺术风格等方面进行邮轮功能空间和外形设计探索,提出了概念设计方案。  结论  所做研究对于提升中国邮轮自主创新和美学设计水平具参考和指导意义。     

子矩阵约束下AXB=C的双对称迭代解

构造了求解子矩阵约束下AXB=C的双对称解的迭代解法,利用残量正交的性质证明了算法的有限终止性,并进一步研究了求解子矩阵约束下矩阵方程问题的最佳逼近解,最后,给出了能够体现算法有效性的数值实例.     

内河航道横流对船舶航行的影响

为了使船舶能安全通过航道内的横流区域, 利用水槽进行遥控自航船模试验, 提出了内河航道横流对船舶航行横漂速度、漂角、航迹带宽度和漂距影响的经验公式, 分析了Ⅳ与Ⅴ级航道横向流速的限值范围。分析结果表明: 横流对船舶航行的影响程度主要与对岸航速成反比, 与横流的大小及区域长度成正比, 与船型大小(航道等级)成反比, 同时与驾驶员的航行经验和初始船位有关; 在限制航路航行方式过程中, Ⅳ与Ⅴ级航道对岸航速为2、3、4m·s^-1时, 可克服的一个船长内横流限值为0.48、0.58、0.70m·s^-1。     

子矩阵约束下三类矩阵方程的对称正交对称迭代解法

讨论了子矩阵约束下三类矩阵方程的对称正交对称迭代解,利用广义共轭梯度法构造了迭代算法,并证明了算法的有限终止性.该算法能自动判定解的情况:当矩阵方程(组)相容时,得到矩阵方程(组)的解;当矩阵方程(组)不相容时,得到矩阵方程(组)的最小二乘解.     

CFRP约束砼短柱轴心受压状态下的试验研究

碳纤维增强塑料(CarbonFiberReinforcedPlastics),简称CFRP,是一种新型的工程建筑材料,目前在土建工程中运用十分广泛.笔者对CFRP约束砼短柱在轴心受压状态下的力学性能进行了试验研究,并和普通砼短柱、普通螺旋箍筋短柱的力学性能进行了对比,对比试验表明:CFRP约束砼柱在轴心受压情况下,可以大大提高构件的承载能力.在工程中采用约束砼柱这一结构新形式和利用CFRP加固旧砼柱具有一定的参考价值.