城市轨道交通土地综合开发

针对城市轨道交通的特点及对城市土地综合开发产生的影响 ,提出了城市轨道交通土地综合开发设想及方案。     

基于实用的一种网络列车运行图计算方法

在对列车运动轨迹有限制性和相邻列车约束性等列车运行图特点进行分析的基础上,构造了了运行图时空局域内设置窗口,并通过窗口的滚动动态地完成列车运行图求解的时空局域计算方法。运行该算法研制开发的计算机编图系统在我国１９９７年和１９９８年列车运行图编制工作中得到应用。结果表明,该算法计算速度快,实用效果好,是计算机编制实用列车运行图的一种有效方法。     

浅谈垂直花园在教学用地中的应用

随着生活质量的提高，人们对绿化的需求也逐渐提高，对生态环境的关注和重视达到一种前所未有的程度。但是城市规划中的绿化面积只是“见缝插绿”，而且面积也越来越少，包括教学用地的绿化。在这种形势之下兴起的新型绿化形式——垂直绿化，对有效地增加教学用地绿量和绿化覆盖率，延长教学楼使用寿命、丰富教学用地空中景观等方面具有极其重要的意义。     

Land Changes and Conflicts Coordination in Coastal Urbanization: A Case Study of the Shandong Peninsula in China

The coastal zone is an interaction region between land and ocean and an interface of geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, and biosphere, as well as greatly affected by human activities. Driven by economic activities and increased population, urbanization is rapidly developing in coastal zones, and a series of land resource and environmental conflicts have occurred, especially in developing countries at times of economic transition. This article reports a case study of the Shandong Peninsula of East China. We analyze the land-use practices and land cover changes of six cities over a timeframe of nearly a decade. We then review the management conflict issues. The most commonly encountered conflicts fall into three categories: those between expanding constructed land and decreased cultivated land; those between land resource utilization and conservation; and those between increasing demand for land and degrading land quality. All in all, they reflect the fundamental conflicts between short-term economic development gains and long-term food security and ecosystem sustainability. This article puts forward an institutional approach to coordinate these conflicts so as to realize integrated and coordinated coastal management.     

基于MNL模型的快速干道沿线用地布局研究

为了评估快速干道建设在用地布局形成过程中的作用，研究沿线用地布局的演变机理，提出对快速干道沿线用地布局进行微观量化研究的方法体系，并引入MNL模型对空间单元的用地性质选择建立数学模型，结合地理信息系统的数据功能。实现了快速干道沿线用地布局的模型化。同时以京殊高速公路中山段沿线的用地情况为例加以验证，结果表明：快速干道与其他相关因素一起，以一定的模式影响着沿线每一空间单元的用地性质选择，进而影响着沿线用地布局的形成。     

The attraction of countryside sites

The distribution of car trips to countryside sites, though primarily dependent upon accessibility, is also a function of the site attraction. This paper describes an attempt to assess attraction in numerical terms drawing upon techniques used by the geographer and the transportation planner. It is based on a behavioural model in which excursion rates and travel times of visitors to countryside sites were obtained by questionnaire surveys in the West Midlands region.

A method is established for determining sequentially the relative attraction of pairs of sites through plotting excursion rate ratios and the respective travel time ratios for common visitor origins; therefrom, for a travel time ratio of unity, the relative excursion rates can be found. Further investigation suggested that site extensiveness contributes to attraction in proportion to the square root of the area. Relative intrinsic attractiveness—essentially land form and mantle—can be determined using a points scoring system. These two components when combined with the accessibility component enables a site distribution factor to be obtained.

The application of distribution factors is demonstrated in relation to an existing attractor system and one origin zone; the effects of the introdction of a new site into this system is postulated; both cases above having real life parallels. Agreement between observed and synthesized excursion rates was within the range ±10 to 20 percent.     

大呼高速公路设计中的土地保护措施

结合大同至呼和浩特公路山西境大同至右卫段高速公路设计情况,通过合理的工程设计方案,科学控制用地数量,实现节约用地的目的。     

It's a Wonderful Coast or,Every Time a Bell Rings,Long Island Sound is Protected

In Frank Capra's classic film It's a Wonderful Life, a despondent man takes a journey to see what life would have been like without him: the journey paints a bleak picture. In true Hollywood form, he is ultimately reassured of his impact even though his accomplishments were immeasurable. The film's protagonist, George Bailey, is the perfect metaphor for Connecticut's Coastal Management Program. The Program can measure quantifiable elements: the number of site plans reviewed, number of permits issued, acres of tidal wetlands restored. But coastal managers often lose sight of the accomplishments and ripple effects of management, possibly because accomplishments are taken for granted. Perhaps the true value of coastal management programs lies in that intangible, immeasurable idea of what coasts would be like without them.

This article takes readers on a George Bailey–esque journey by identifying the Connecticut Coastal Management Program's accomplishments since its adoption in 1980, reviewed in the context of several questions: What if the Program had never been adopted? What would public access look like? How many acres of tidal wetlands would be lost to development or Phragmites invasion? Hopefully, the results of the exercise will put coastal management into better context and highlight the successes.     

Examining Local Coastal Zone Management Capacity in U.S. Pacific Coastal Counties

The coastal zone has critical natural, commercial, recreational, ecological, industrial, and esthetic values for current and future generations. Thus, there are increasing pressures from population growth and coastal land development. Local coastal land use planning plays an important role in implementing the U.S. Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) by establishing goals and performance policies for addressing critical coastal issues. This study extends the CZMA Performance Measurement System from the national level to the local land use level by measuring coastal zone land use plan quality and political context in fifty-three Pacific coastal counties. Plan quality is measured using an evaluation protocol defined by five components and sixty-eight indicators. The results indicate a reasonable correspondence between national goals and local coastal zone land use planning goals, but a slight gap might exist between the national/state versus local levels in the overall effectiveness of coastal zone management (CZM) efforts. The results show many U.S. Pacific coastal counties lack strong coastal zone land use plans because the average plan quality score was only 22.7 out of 50 points. Although these plans set relatively clear goals and objectives, they are somewhat weaker in their factual basis, identify a limited range of the available planning tools and techniques, and establish few coordination and implementation mechanisms. The regression analysis results indicate that CZM plan quality was not significantly related to any of the jurisdictional characteristics.