基于有限穿越可视图的进场航班流量波动特性研究

研究空中交通流量的波动特性是设计高效流量管理措施和控制策略的基础，掌握空中交通流量波动特性有利于空域资源配置与流量运行需求之间的均衡匹配。在3种时间粒度上，针对进场航班流量时间序列，一方面从复杂网络整体维度出发，采用有限穿越可视图对时间序列进行建网，利用k-core算法探究航班流量波动特性；另一方面从复杂网络局部维度出发，引入序模体方法，构造有限穿越可视图序模体，利用多元序模体类型转换规律来刻画流量的动态转移模式，进而掌握航班流量波动动态演化规律，为波动模式的预测提供了有效工具。研究结果表明：在有限穿越可视图方法映射得到的网络中，节点所属核阶数可以有效刻画流量波动强度，且与波动强度成正相关关系，即节点所属核阶数越大，波动强度越大，天津机场进场航班流量数据的强波动时 段为16:50-17:30；序模体越长，波动特性刻画能力越强，但鉴于受到空中交通混沌特性影响，序模体过长对于流量预测意义不大，推荐使用5节点序模体；波动模式状态转移图在有效刻画流量波动动态演化的同时，也可以计算波动模式的转移概率，3种时间粒度下转移概率分别为12.315%、 13.131%和10.638%，为波动模式的预测提供了有效工具。     

Rapid estimation of electric vehicle acceptance using a general description of driving patterns

A reliable estimate of the potential for electrification of personal automobiles in a given region is dependent on detailed understanding of vehicle usage in that region. While broad measures of driving behavior, such as annual miles traveled or the ensemble distribution of daily travel distances are widely available, they cannot be predictors of the range needs or fuel-saving potential that influence an individual purchase decision. Studies that record details of individual vehicle usage over a sufficient time period are available for only a few regions in the US. In this paper we compare statistical characterization of four such studies (three in the US, one in Germany) and find remarkable similarities between them, and that they can be described quite accurately by properly chosen set of distributions. This commonality gives high confidence that ensemble data can be used to predict the spectrum of usage and acceptance of alternative vehicles in general. This generalized representation of vehicle usage may also be a powerful tool in estimating real-world fuel consumption and emissions.     

电动摩托车续驶里程试验方法研究

续驶里程试验方法高效、合理,可以用较低的试验成本得到较理想的可信度结果,试验仅需一段1500m的试验道路、几百元一台的GPS测速仪和几只标杆,非常方便电动车企业（特别是还没有装备底盘测功机的企业）自行组织试验,以获得第一手试验数据。     

基于最小频率-距离间隔的编队频谱管控研究

水面舰艇配置同型号无线电子装备,组成编队同时工作时,可能会产生新的干扰,因此需要研究编队电磁兼容问题。文章采用最小频率-距离间隔算法,利用Matlab建立了水面舰艇编队干扰模型,仿真了通信距离、干扰距离和频率间隔三者之间的关系,定量分析确定了舰距大小,方法对编队频谱管控时调整舰距具有一定的指导意义。     

自导深弹脱靶距离测量方法研究

脱靶距离是衡量自导深弹制导控制能力的终级指标,指自导深弹跟踪目标时与目标之间的最小距离。试验时需要对其进行精确测量。提出了同步测距进行脱靶距离测量,简要阐述了系统的组成及工作原理,对系统的软硬件设计作了简要说明。系统测距精度高,使用方便,能满足工程需要。     

水下目标的激光声探测技术

高能脉冲激光聚焦于液体中,光击穿会伴随着光、声和空泡脉动等现象,其中击穿时等离子体膨胀产生的声和随后的空泡脉动产生的声统称为激光声。对产生的激光声信号进行分析,论证激光声信号应用于水下探测的可行性。设计激光声产生和测量分析系统,计算激光声信号的波束指向性、距离分辨力、噪声背景下和混响背景下的探测距离。结果表明,激光声声源在距离分辨力和声源级两方面满足对水下目标探测的要求。从理论推导和计算上初步证明了激光声信号可以应用于水下探测领域。     

基于聚类分析理论确定广梧高速公路高液限土改良方案

针对广梧高速公路高液限土的不良特性,进行了一系列室内试验,测试土样的物理力学指标;借助聚类分析理论,对样本土样进行分类,并确定各类的属性特征值和改良方案;根据土样与属性特征值的相关距离确定各类土样的改良试验项目。以新土料改良方案确定过程为例,介绍了研究结论的使用过程。     

激光雷达距离成像精度改进方法

成像激光雷达是一种有源成像系统,使用脉冲激光发射器和面阵接收器产生3D距离图像,具有广范围精度和宽范围门等特性。文中通过静态弥散宽度对图像模糊的影响分析,提出了时间分辨信号分布模型和改进范围精度分析方法。通过激光雷达测距系统试验分析表明,利用该模型得到的最佳静态弥散宽度对距离成像精度有显著影响,能够在白天强背景环境下对室内和室外的10 m和1700 m目标进行距离成像。在室内成像中,当静态弥散宽度为43.4μm时获得的最优测距精度为0.06 m,在室外成像中,获得了测距误差为0.25 m的分米级3D图像。该方法能够有效地提高激光雷达成像距离和成像精度,从而提高交通流测距和测速的精度。     

Percolation phenomenon in connected vehicle network through a multi-agent approach: Mobility benefits and market penetration

This paper presents an integrated multi-agent approach, coupled with percolation theory and network science, to measure the mobility impacts (i.e., mean travel time of the system) of connected vehicle (CVtio) network at varying levels of market penetration rate. We capture the characteristics of a CV network, i.e., node degree distribution, vehicular clustering, and giant component size to verify the existence of percolation phenomenon, and further connect the emergence of mobility benefits to the percolation phase transition in the CV network. We show the percolation phase transition properties to appear in a dynamic CV network with time-correlated link and node dynamics. An analytical framework was developed to evaluate the CV network attributes with varying market penetrations (MP) and connection ranges (CR) to identify percolation phenomenon in a mixed CV and Non-CV environment. In addition, a multi-agent CV simulation platform was created to further measure (1) how varying MPs and CRs affect the network-wide mobility measured by the mean travel time of the network; and (2) when percolation transition occurs in CV network to capture the critical MP and CR. Percolation phenomenon in CV network was further validated with the analytical assessments. The results show that (1) percolation phase transition phenomenon is a function of both market penetration and communication range; (2) percolation phase transitions in both mobility and CV network are highly correlated; (3) the application can reduce the average travel time of the system by up to 20% with reasonable market penetration and communication range; (4) critical market penetration is sensitive to communication range, and vice versa; (5) at least 70% of the CVs on the network are required to show in the same cluster for mobility benefits to appear; and (6) for high levels of MP or CR, a low probability of connectivity (PC) does not dramatically change the mean travel time. These results provide solid supports to create evidence-driven frameworks to guide future CV deployment and CV network analysis.     

合理确定大型开敞式码头前沿设计水深

合理确定的码头前沿设计水深,既能满足船舶安全作业的要求,又能使码头达到预期的运营效果。本文根据现行规范的要求,并结合实际工程项目,对大型开敞式码头前沿设计水深的计算进行了探讨。