An Interdisciplinary Analysis of Beach Management in the Catalan Coast (North-Western Mediterranean)

This article presents a comprehensive analysis of beach management in the Catalan coast (NW Mediterranean) by introducing and integrating results from different partial projects. They analyzed the legal, political, and administrative framework of beach management, the quality tools available, the practices of management, the processes of beach use, and beach waste/litter dynamics. The information obtained served to create a new beach management tool referred to as the Beach Quality Index, which was developed by an interdisciplinary team of academics from the natural/physical sciences and social sciences that worked together during the course of four years. Information obtained from users and key stakeholders served to create the index. The study demonstrated that as a consequence of the shortcomings in the legal and administrative system as well as inadequate practices of beach managers, beach management in the area experiences coordination problems, insufficient information and lack of proactive management, pollution, and in general problems associated with the satisfaction of short-term user demands.     

A Local Transboundary Approach to the Governance of Mediterranean Coastal Borderlands

Abstract

Coastal borderlands are subjected to particular socioeconomic, political and environmental dynamics in Europe and worldwide. The presence of the international boundary in these areas poses challenges in the process of Integrated Coastal Zone Management (ICZM). The aim of this paper is to explore the existence, characteristics and the role that local cross-border cooperation plays in transboundary coastal zone management as well as the resulting potentialities of local endogenous development for improving the management and governance of the tourism sector, coastal development, fisheries and marine protected areas in the Albera Marítima (Northwestern Mediterranean). The applied methods included document review, statistical information and semi-structured interviews. The research shows that local agents are not capable of developing a stable cross-border network due to persisting lack of trust, weak joint strategic vision and high competitiveness in sectors like fishery and tourism. Based on particularly interesting initiatives occurred in Albera Marítima and other successful experiences in Mediterranean coastal borderlands, a proposal has been made to implement several measures, including a transboundary integrated coastal plan, the joint observatory of fishery resources and a scientific network platform. For the aforementioned issues, the study contributes to the ICZM literature by providing a new perspective on local transboundary cooperation.     

长江南京以下12.5 m深水航道一期工程白茆沙水道工程局部冲刷试验研究——Ⅰ：模型设计

长江南京以下12.5 m深水航道一期工程白茆沙水道工程局部冲刷研究工作表明:1)采用局部正态模型研究潮汐河口工程局部冲刷问题是可行的;2)试验水力条件的选择、模型边界的确定以及模型的整体变坡等是将局部正态模型应用于潮汐河口工程局部冲刷问题研究需解决的关键技术问题;3)白茆沙水道工程局部正态模型较好地复演了目标试验水力条件,具备开展进一步试验的条件;4)提出了简便易行且效果良好的模型边界确定方法。     

独柱墩直线梁与曲线梁抗倾覆稳定性对比分析

对独柱墩桥梁横向失稳倾覆机理进行分析,综述目前国内外规范针对桥梁上部结构抗倾覆稳定性计算的有关规定。结合某高架桥工程,选取桥梁位于直线段和曲线段的3跨1联（3×30m）,分别对支座反力、支座底部混凝土强度和桥梁抗倾覆稳定系数进行验算,并对计算结果进行对比分析,所得结论对桥梁独柱墩设计具有一定的参考价值。     

考虑地下水作用的连续墙开挖稳定分析

地下连续墙在开挖的过程中容易发生失稳破坏,因此其稳定性分析是重要的工作.分析了地下连续墙的局部与整体破坏模式,并考虑开挖时的地下水作用.利用极限分析上限定理,构建运动许可的速度机动场.利用积分,求得了地下水的外力功率,结合土体重力功率与内能耗散,得到了稳定性问题的数学表达式.在该问题的几何约束条件下,利用优化算法,求得了地下连续墙局部破坏的稳定系数与整体破坏的安全系数.最后讨论了地下水高度对连续墙稳定性的影响.     

厦漳跨海大桥南汊主桥主梁设计与研究

厦漳跨海大桥南汊主桥为跨径布置135m+300m+135m的双塔斜拉桥.该桥主梁采用钢-混结合梁,双工字形钢主梁、横梁和小纵梁形成钢构架,与混凝土桥面板通过剪力钉连接,在工字形钢主梁的上翼缘板上焊接锚拉板.对主梁进行整体和局部分析,并对主梁混凝土桥面板正应力和存放时间2个关键问题进行研究.分析结果表明:钢主梁和混凝土桥面板受力均满足规范要求,且有一定的安全储备;结合梁斜拉桥混凝土桥面板正应力分析中必须考虑弯矩和轴向力综合作用下的剪力滞效应的影响;混凝土桥面板存梁时间对主梁受力有影响,建议存梁时间不宜小于半年.     

一类激活剂--抑制剂反应扩散模型的定性分析*

研究了一类激活剂-抑制剂反应扩散模型,运用线性方法分别讨论其常微系统及自扩散系统唯一正常数平衡点的稳定性,说明交错扩散可使在常微系统中稳定但在自扩散系统中唯一的正常数平衡点稳定。     

吴江学院路大桥钢混结合段应力分析

混合梁斜拉桥结合段为不同材料的结合,其传力机理和构造形式都相当复杂,是混合梁最关键的受力位置之一,其合理设计对确保大桥施工和运营阶段安全、耐久都有十分重要意义.以吴江市学院路跨京杭运河钢混斜拉桥为例进行结合段应力分析,通过运用大型通用有限元ANSYS等软件建立全桥混合模型,对吴江学院路大桥钢混结合段进行数值仿真计算,掌握其三维应力状态,验证钢混结合段设计的安全性与科学性,为设计和施工提供合理、可靠依据.     

基于改进人工势场法的无人驾驶车辆局部路径规划的研究

本文旨在研究在结构化道路上行驶的无人驾驶汽车的局部路径规划.基于人工势场法,利用高斯组合隶属函数建立引力的目标点函数,在引力点函数中考虑障碍物约束和车辆约束,并引入调节因子,建立了改进的无人驾驶汽车人工势场模型,消除了传统人工势场法容易陷入局部极小的问题.硬件在环试验结果验证了所提方法的有效性.     

船舶纵向下水船底结构局部加强研究

大中型船舶纵向下水时,往往会因支墩反力过大而需要检验船底局部强度和进行局部结构的加强.文章通过若干实船下水的墩反力计算及加强结构的设计和分析,提出了合理布墩和加强设置的若干原则,并以某汽车运输船为例,进行了船底局部结构三维有限元结构强度和稳定性的对比分析.结果表明,提出的结构加强原则和措施是合理、有效的.