隧道波纹钢板套衬接头抗弯性能有限元分析

为进一步探讨隧道波纹钢套衬结构纵向连接接头的安全性和适用性问题，对不同型号拼装式波纹钢板纵向接头抗弯力学性能进行研究，选取200 mm×55 mm、300 mm×110 mm和400 mm×150 mm 3种型号波纹钢板试件进行接头抗弯数值模拟。共设计12种工况，对比不同规格螺栓的应力分布规律、变形破坏形式及不同螺栓预紧力条件下的法兰板极限承载力及变形破坏特征，就螺栓应力、跨中挠度、极限承载力、法兰板接缝张开量及塑性破坏等方面进行深入分析。研究结果表明： 1）螺栓主要受拉弯变形，内侧螺栓较外侧螺栓受力更大，率先达到屈服状态； 2）接头薄弱点主要在于法兰板，其更容易发生变形破坏； 3）螺栓预紧力对波纹钢板的极限承载力、跨中挠度及接缝张开量均有一定的影响； 4）大波形波纹钢板极限抗弯承载能力约为深波形和中波形的1.36倍和1.67倍。     

On model-based longitudinal feed-forward motion control for low velocities on known road profiles

ABSTRACT

So far, longitudinal motion control has focused on situations like highway driving, where disturbances of the road profile can be neglected. In this paper, we show how the Two Point Tire Model can be used to derive a novel feed-forward control law for a vehicle's longitudinal motion that considers the effects of the road profile and can complement existing control approaches. For this purpose, we recapitulate the basic model assumptions and equations and briefly discuss how it can be used on arbitrary road profiles. Two approaches for implementation in a real vehicle are presented. Comparisons of these approaches in simulation and to a human driver of an experimental vehicle show that the controller can deal with stepped obstacles of up to 14?cm in height. However, the control performance is essentially limited by the actuator delay and human drivers outperform the controller due to their ability of sensing subtle vehicle motions. The results indicate that the control performance can be further improved by using a preview on the necessary drive torque, which can be provided by the solution that we propose.     

FPSO典型焊接接头残余应力释放及其对疲劳强度的影响

为了在估算结构疲劳强度时计及残余应力释放的作用,合理地解释在以往焊接接头疲劳试验中不能解释的试验结果,借助三维弹塑性有限元法,研究了FPSO典型焊接接头在任意变幅循环载荷作用下的残余应力释放规律,建立了在任意变幅循环载荷作用下残余应力释放大小与残余应力和外载荷大小之间的计算公式,从而定量地分析了残余应力的释放,提高了疲劳强度估算的准确性和可靠性。     

A study on the effect of different tyre imperfections on steering wheel vibration

Multibody dynamics and tyre models have made possible detailed analysis not only for ride and handling, but also for determining their effects on tyre nonuniformities. The aim of this paper is to analyse the steering wheel vibration, both shimmy and shake, excited by different tyre imperfections by using the commercial simulation package ADAMS/car 2005R2 and FTire. Different settings with respect to imperfection locations, amount, and the combined effects of defects have been studied. An interesting beat phenomenon is observed when all the wheels have imperfections. A procedure to determine the type of imperfections in the tyre from the results of the test rig has also been proposed.     

城市高架道路的中日设计规范比较

对中日两国在城市高架道路方面的设计规范进行比较,分析日本在用地条件极端困难的情况下建设城市高架道路所采取的各种有别于公路桥梁的方法,探寻在规划设计方面趋利避害的方法。提出保证桥上建筑限界、增加路缘带宽度、压缩护栏结构尺寸等思路,并对桥梁最大纵坡和匝道最小宽度等问题进行探讨。     

冻结降温导致地铁盾构隧道漏水的数值与理论分析

为研究地铁盾构隧道正上方基坑冻结开挖诱发隧道环缝渗漏水的问题,采用数值分析方法建立三环管片衬砌结构的三维有限元精细模型,主要研究冻结降温作用对盾构隧道环缝、纵缝张开量的影响,并结合接缝处细部构造的特点对隧道环缝出现漏水的原因进行理论分析。结果表明： 1）盾构隧道管片纵缝、环缝张开量和螺栓应力随着冻结温度的降低而增大; 2）在地层荷载与冻结温度共同作用下,盾构隧道环缝最大张开量为纵缝最大张开量的4.2倍; 3）环缝张开使得接缝处管片与橡胶密封垫接触不紧密,进而导致橡胶垫与接缝槽接触产生的摩擦力小于水压力,这是隧道漏水的主要原因。     

锁相红外热成像技术应用于复合材料连接接头全场应力测量研究

为了克服传统电测法测量结构应力的种种不足,文章对应用锁相红外热成像技术进行复合材料结构应力测量的可行性进行了研究。在研究中,首先结合正交各向异性复合材料的热弹性理论（TSA）,提出了一种有效而又简洁的试验标定方法,并通过标定试验获取了文中所用玻璃钢材料所需的合理的加载频率f以及标定参数K,然后对两种典型的船用玻璃钢复合材料连接接头内的应力分布进行了测量,通过与数值计算结果的对比,验证了锁相红外热成像技术是一种快速、高效和可靠的结构全场应力测量手段。     

客货共线铁路连续梁桥墩顶纵向线刚度限值研究

基于桥上无缝线路线-桥-墩-基础一体化计算模型,利用ANSYS有限元优化技术研究了40 m+64 m+40 m客货共线铁路连续梁桥墩顶纵向水平线刚度的限值,以制动力作用下的梁、轨快速相对位移作为控制标准,得出该梁型墩顶每线纵向水平线刚度不宜小于1 000 kN/cm的结论。     

六寨至河池段高速公路关键技术问题对策措施

阿荣旗-北海公路六寨-河池段高速公路地形地质复杂。文章针对该工程出现的特殊路基、长大纵坡路段、桥梁选址、选型、不良地质地段隧道、路线交叉、弃土场设置等关键问题提出科学合理的技术对策。