纵流船型数学表达研究

用纵向函数法对纵流船型的数学表达进行了研究 ,并提出了相关的数学模型 .为纵流船型的计算机辅助设计提供理论依据     

断层破碎带内隧道纵向受荷特征和变形分析

为了探究断层破碎带处隧道沿纵向的变形和受力特征，首先基于筒仓理论和地层应力分布特征，考虑断层破碎带的几何特征和围岩特性，建立了断层破碎带内隧道纵向荷载简化计算模型，并利用应力传递原理进行了求解；其次将隧道简化为破碎带纵向荷载作用下的弹性地基梁，利用有限差分理论计算了破碎带纵向荷载作用下的隧道变形和受力特征。开展了相应的数值模拟和室内模型试验，结合试验数据和数值计算结果对理论模型进行了验证，并分析了埋深、破碎带宽度和倾角变化对隧道纵向变形和受力的影响。结果表明：①埋深越大，破碎带内纵向荷载越大，但纵向荷载的增长速率越小，隧道在上下盘与破碎带交界面附近的剪力和弯矩差值越小；②破碎带宽度越大，纵向荷载整体越大，隧道在上下盘与破碎带交界面附近的剪力和弯矩差值越大，最大变形位置越接近于下盘和破碎带交界面；③破碎带倾角越大，纵向荷载越接近于均布，上下盘和破碎带交界面附近变形和受力越趋于对称。     

高耐波性排水型单体复合船型试验研究

以某一常规单体圆舭船型为母型,研究开发了一高耐波性单体复合型。选取三个单体复合船型方案模型进行了静水阻力、规则波及不规则波试验。分析了构成复合船型的组合附体的线型、尺度与安装位置对阻力和耐波性的影响,优选出一耐波性优良的复合船型。试验结果表明,所开发的单体复合船型可显著抑制舰船的纵向运动,具有合理的线型、尺度和布局的组合附体所形成的单体复合船型,对原船的静水阻力影响不大。该船型的开发对大幅提升常规单体排水型舰船的耐波性具有较大实用价值。     

码头面板纵向裂缝成因分析与设计

横向配筋过少是集中荷载下码头简支面板出现纵向裂缝的主要原因之一。为提高设计精度,在厚板理论基础上,采用三维有限元法对集中荷载下钢筋混凝土简支板进行了力学分析。通过回归统计,研究了双向板剪跨比、厚宽比、宽跨比对横纵向弯距比的影响规律,建立了简化数学模型,从而为集中荷载下简支双向薄、厚码头面板的横向配筋设计提供理论指导。     

Influence of train length on in-train longitudinal forces during brake application

It needs some seconds for a signal, which is created from brake application, to travel from the first part of the train system (locomotive) to the end part of it (last wagon). Delay in time of all parts of the system (train) brake is seen which might deteriorate the longitudinal dynamic interaction of the long trains. For instance, this results in running of the rear cars to the front ones and hence producing large in-train forces at the buffers and couplers. Major parts of the rolling stock in railway system repair are known for relative compression and tension forces, which are applied to the whole train system and cause huge expenses for the industry. For trains with long lengths, operating in safe area is another important relation with train forces along the system. By using MATLAB simulation in this study, we investigated the length's effect on train dynamic along the system mainly for freight trains. We did our research on the trains which are currently used in Railways of Islamic Republic of Iran, RIRI. Four diverse cases were under our simulation, in each of which, trains consist of 52, 32, 20 and 12 cars, respectively. Two different forces (tension and compression) are displayed here as of the outcome of the research. Simulations show different forms of interplays in dynamics along the system. Then we compared the graphs to each other to find out detailed influences of length of the whole system (train including different number of wagons and locomotive) on dynamics of system along it while braking is applied.     

Analysis of the accident of the MVNakhodka. Part 2. Estimation of structural strength

In the early morning of January 2, 1997, a Russian tanker, the MVNakhodka, broke in two in the Sea of Japan. The fore part of the vessel drifted and was stranded on the coast of Japan, and the aft part sank. The coast of Japan was seriously polluted by spilled heavy oil. Following this disaster, the Japanese Government established a Committee for the Investigation of the Causes of the Casualty of theNakhodka. This paper deals with the structural strength of MVNakhodka at the time of the accident. First the structural characteristics of theNakhodka are described, and the reduction in thickness of the structural members are estimated based on the data measured on the fore part of the vessel which drifted ashose. Then the ultimate longitudinal strength of the hull girder at the time of the accident is evaluated by applying Smith's method, and the possibility of break-up collapse due to excess loads is discussed. The mechanism of fracture at the bottom plate is also discussed based on the observed fracture surfuce of the cross section. Finally an FEM (finite element method) simulation of the break-up of the hull girder is performed. It is shown that buckling/plastic collapse took place at the deck plate near Fr.153, which was followed by the successive buckling collapse of the side shell plate of the hull girder. Right after the collapse of the deck structure, the bottom plate fractured just in front of the transverse bulkhead at Fr.153. This article is based on an article that appeared in Japanese in the Journal of the Society of Naval Architects of Japan, vol. 183 (1998).     

基于协调版共同结构规范的好望角型散货船甲板纵骨疲劳分析

协调版共同结构规范于2015年7月1日正式生效,在制定该规范过程中,散货船甲板纵骨的疲劳评估方法和评估结果受到业界重点关注。文章基于2014版规范要求和2015年发布的修改通报对大型散货船的甲板纵骨进行疲劳强度评估和分析,相关分析结论对结构设计具有指导性意义。     

加肋圆柱体水下低频辐射声特性研究

为掌握不同激励下加肋圆柱体水下低频辐射声频谱特征,揭示辐射声峰值对应的优势模态及弯纵耦合现象规律,该文利用三维水弹性声辐射计算方法,针对加肋圆柱体的梁模型和有限元壳模型,计算分析其水下不同激励的声源级传递函数,分析声源级曲线峰值与单个模态声源级分量的对应关系,得出垂向激励时,辐射声峰值对应于垂向弯曲模态;轴向激励时,辐射声峰值对应于轴向模态,同时运用壳模型计算结果发现梁模型所不能反映的弯纵耦合现象。比较了不同激励辐射声源级传递函数,得出所分析频带内,轴向单位力激励总声级比垂向略大。并比较不同模型的结果,指出梁模型的适用范围。     

82000dwt散货船底部纵骨节点疲劳分析优化

自从散货船共同规范(2006)颁布后,极大地提高了船舶设计的安全度,对于船舶结构的疲劳计算如何在满足CSR疲劳寿命要求的前提下,有效可行的优化是讨论热点。通过对几种不同的散货船底部纵骨节点进行疲劳分析比较,证明了一些可行的优化方案,并提出了对于这些节点在简化计算法中可参照使用的系数。经节点优化及采用有限元直接计算证明,散货船底部纵骨取消背部肘板,仍能保证疲劳寿命,对船厂节约成本有重大意义。     

桥墩温差荷载引起的桥上无缝线路钢轨附加力

采用单位荷载法计算桥墩温差荷载引起的墩顶纵向位移。根据梁轨相互作用原理,建立“轨—梁—墩”有限元模型,计算桥墩温差引起的桥上无缝线路钢轨附加力,研究桥墩温差引起的钢轨附加力的分布规律及其影响因素。研究表明:多跨简支梁桥墩温差引起的钢轨附加力的最大压力出现在右桥台处,最大拉力出现在靠近左桥台的边墩处,离桥台越远,钢轨附加力越小;随着墩高的增加,桥墩温差引起的钢轨附加力增大,建议在设计高墩桥上无缝线路时,应考虑桥墩温差引起的钢轨附加力,并与其他钢轨附加力叠加检算钢轨强度和无缝线路稳定性;桥墩温差引起的钢轨附加力,随着桥墩纵向水平线刚度的增加先快速增大,到一定程度后变缓;桥梁跨度对桥墩温差引起的钢轨附加力影响很小;钢轨附加力随着简支梁跨数的增加而增大,但逐渐变缓,当简支梁跨数超过18跨以后,钢轨附加力不再增长。