Finite Element Calculation of the Flexural Stiffness of Corroded RC Eccentric Compressive Members

A finite element calculation model of corroded RC eccentric compressive members was build using finite element software ANSYS. The model considers the decline of mechanical properties and the effective section of a corroded steel bar, as well as the deterioration of bond character between corroded reinforcement and concrete. The reliability of the finite element model was evaluated by comparing the results of the finite element calculation with the data from experiments. Based on the finite element analysis results, the influence of corrosion degree, the diameter change of the longitudinal reinforcing bars and the spacing change of stirrups on the flexural stiffness were calculated and analyzed.     

长大纵坡段沥青路面结构研究

针对长大纵坡沥青路面破坏的特点,结合长寿命路面的设计方法及依托工程的具体情况,研究适合于长大纵坡路段的沥青路面结构,并从其费用及性能方面同常用的沥青混凝土路面结构进行比较。结果表明,本项目采用的结构虽在初建费用上略高于普通的沥青路面,但后期的养护费用及用户费用远小于普通沥青路面,且其路用性能也优于普通的沥青路面,综合其各方面的特点,认为本结构适用于长大纵坡段。     

地震力对公路边坡工程影响的理论分析

我国公路工程边坡震害严重,通过对地震给边坡施加的横向与竖向地震力的理论分析,确定动力下边坡最不利受力点,并通过统计研究,得出造成边坡崩塌的最小震级和最小烈度,可为边坡工程抗震设计提供一定的理论支持。     

Promoting Cycling for Transport: Research Needs and Challenges

Abstract

Near future travel-time information is one of the most critical factors that travellers consider before making trip decisions. In efforts to provide more reliable future travel-time estimations, transportation engineers have examined various techniques developed in the last three decades. However, there have not been sufficiently systematic and through reviews so far. In order to effectively support various transportation strategies and applications including Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS), it is necessary to apply appropriate forecasting methods for matching circumstances in a timely manner. This paper conducts a comprehensive review study focusing on literatures, including modern techniques proposed recently, related to travel time and traffic condition predictions that are based on ‘data-driven' approaches. Based on the underlying mechanisms and theoretical principles, different approaches are categorized as parametric (linear regression and time series) and non-parametric approaches (artificial intelligence and pattern searching). Then, the approaches are analysed for their strengths, potential weaknesses, and performances from five main perspectives that are prediction range, accuracy, efficiency, applicability, and robustness.     

Analyzing parabolic profile path for underwater towed-cable

This article discusses the dynamic state analysis of underwater towed-cable when tow-ship changes its speed in a direction making parabolic profile path. A three-dimensional model of underwater towed system is studied. The established governing equations for the system have been solved using the central implicit finite-difference method. The obtained difference non-linear coupled equations are solved by Newton＇s method and satisfactory results were achieved. The solution of this problem has practical importance in the estimation of dynamic loading and motion, and hence it is directly applicable to the enhancement of safety and the effectiveness of the offshore activities.     

铁道车辆车轮外形的优化设计

介绍了基于轮轨接触几何特性,采用数值优化技术,设计车轮外形的方法.     

波浪作用下人工沙滩剖面横向输沙试验研究

随着在滩涂之上建设人工沙滩的举措逐渐增多,人工沙滩剖面横向输沙研究有非常重要的现实意义。在与海岸动力相互适应的原岸滩上建造人工沙滩是较为复杂的问题,并且实际工程中的人工沙滩还受到工程措施的影响,剖面形态较难预测。在原海滩上建造人工沙滩较复杂,它适应了海岸的力量;实际工程中的新滩受工程测量的影响,因此其剖面形状难以预测。针对这个问题,采用物理模型试验的方法,针对受挡沙坝及护岸限制的人工沙滩剖面在不同水位及波浪条件下的形态变化进行试验研究,并应用工程中常用的平衡剖面模型对相对稳定的剖面进行计算比较,得出了形成稳定的剖面形态所需要的条件。试验结果验证了初始岸滩坡度1∶15的适用性,得出了当波浪受结构物影响较小时可以形成均衡沙滩剖面的结论。     

非均匀注浆盾构隧道管片纵缝错台量三维有限元分析

注浆压力是造成管片纵缝错台的主要原因之一,通过ABAQUS软件建立三维有限元模型对该因素导致管片的纵缝错台量进行计算。模型考虑了土层、注浆层、管片、螺栓之间的互相作用,同时结合实际工程考虑浆液因扩散对管片造成的压力,对管片布置浆液压力荷载。分别计算了4孔对称注浆,注浆压力在0~0.5 MPa范围变化时均匀注浆、非均匀注浆工况下管片纵缝错台量。结果表明： 非均匀注浆对封顶块和邻接块间错台量影响较大,且注浆压力不均匀程度越大该接缝错台量越大,最大错台量达到1.35 mm;对隧道拱腰处接缝错台影响较小,均为0.1 mm左右。拱底管片接缝错台受下部注浆孔注浆作用影响较大,下部注浆孔无注浆时错台量最大值达到0.75 mm。相对于前人研究多重因素下的管片极限错台量10 mm,非均匀注浆因素造成的管片纵缝错台不容忽视。     

GFRP双腹板型材主梁静力分析与静载试验

GFRP材料有着轻质、高强、耐腐蚀等优点,工程应用前景十分广阔,但GFRP型材作为桥梁主梁的应用鲜见.通过采用当量圆模型对车辆荷载进行了简化,利用有限元软件和Tsai-Wu准则,对将GFRP型材用作桥梁主梁进行了静力分析.静力分析和静载试验的结果均表明：尽管GFRP材料弹性模量小,作为桥梁主梁刚度较小,跨中挠度值比较大,但该材料具有十分良好的弹性恢复能力,GFRP双腹板型材可满足作为轻便桥梁主梁的使用要求.     

单线铁路隧道高地应力软岩破碎带大变形控制措施研究

为解决高地应力隧道软岩破碎带大变形的控制问题,以兰渝铁路某隧道为例,分析了软岩破碎带的变形特征,结合前期变形控制的经验,确定软岩破碎带的变形等级,采取保护围岩的施工理念,选择合理的支护参数,加强锁脚锚杆,施作锁固锚杆,使支护结构均匀受力,预留合理变形量并确定工序化注浆和横撑支护加强的时机,短台阶开挖、快速封闭和适时施作衬砌,建立大变形控制流程,有效控制了隧道软岩破碎带大变形.