Reliability-based calibration of fatigue design guidelines for ship structures

A simple reliability-based framework is applied to calibrate a new set of fatigue design guidelines. This new guideline considers two different approaches for the assessment of both loads, stresses and local stress raising effects, and partial safety factors must be given for any combination of these approaches. For the calibration, the lognormal reliability format is adopted because the hereby-derived partial safety factors can be combined arbitrarily. This means that with a few basic partial safety factors, the combination of partial safety factors to be applied together with any combination of calculation approaches can be determined easily. In the present paper both the adopted reliability format, the applied modeling of uncertainties and the selected target safety index are explained. Based on this, a new guideline is calibrated and the derived partial safety factors are presented. Finally, the new guideline is applied through a numerical example in order to show the applicability of the calibrated partial safety factors, and satisfactory results are found.     

Mobile phone use while driving: public opinions on restrictions

This paper reviews two road-user surveys on the use of mobile phones on the road in Finland where the mobile phone ownership rate is highest in the world (70% in August 2000). From 1998 to 1999 the proportion of drivers that chose to use a mobile phone while driving rose from 56% to 68%, while the proportion of phone using drivers who experienced dangerous situations due to phone use rose from 44% to 50%. The proportion of drivers who used their phones in some way to benefit safety on the road remained at about 55%. The youngest, novice drivers had the highest level of phone usage of all age categories. Over 48% of the interviewees believed that the government should ban the use of hand-held mobile phones while driving, and another 27% believed that all types of mobile phone use should be banned while driving. Those drivers who used their phones the most each day were more likely to want some form of restrictions, than those who had lower usage. This is a strong message to the elected lawmakers and raises the problem of exactly how regulatory bodies would go about controlling the future growth of new driver support and non-driving related communication devices in road vehicles. It was concluded that legislating for hands-free use only would be a reasonable course of action. Mandating that the current generation of equipment should be optimized for hands-free use should result in future generations of in-vehicle equipment also being optimized for hands-free use as a minimum criterion.     

提速电力机车安全监测系统及判据研究

对目前提速电力机车的运用安全、修程修制等问题作了简明的阐述,提出机车安全监测系统研制的总体方案及故障判别原则。     

成昆线红层地区泥石流沟侵蚀程度量化分析

以成昆铁路红层地区的3个小流域为研究区,计算3个年份的地面割裂度及其年平均变化率,分析用地面割裂度表征泥石流沟侵蚀程度的不足及其原因。基于泥石流沟发育的物理模型,以原来的地面割裂度定义为基础,引入表述沟谷分布零散程度的异型度因子,导出新侵蚀系数公式。以3个小流域固体物质的年平均流失量作为侵蚀程度强弱的标准,采用非参数统计推断方法,将侵蚀系数、地面割裂度的年变化值和固体物质的年平均流失量作秩统计和次序统计。对秩统计参数和次序统计参数比较结果表明:在表征泥石流沟侵蚀程度方面,侵蚀系数优于地面割裂度。     

渤海波浪地理信息系统的建立

随着地理信息系统(GIS)的广泛应用,建立一个具有波浪预报或后报功能的信息系统为工程建设服务,不仅十分必要,而且随着波浪模拟技术的发展变得可能。文中论述了采用第三代波浪模型中的SWAN(SimulatingWAves Nearshore)来模拟渤海波浪场,在获得较长时间波浪模拟结果的基础上,对渤海波浪地理信息系统的建立进行了一些尝试和探索。这些波浪资料对于港口及海洋工程是十分必要的。     

区域港口建设项目投资风险预警管理系统研究

分析了我国当前区域港口建设中存在的问题,阐述了开展区域港口建设项目投资风险预警管理研究的意义,建立了区域港口建设项目投资风险预警管理系统的模型、预警指标体系及其评判方法,对珠江三角洲地区的港口建设管理提出了建议.     

公路货运信息服务业运营模式及发展对策研究

在分析和界定公路货运信息服务业内涵的基础上，研究了公路货运信息服务业4种运营模式（个体信息服务中介模式、场站信息服务中心模式、区域信息服务平台模式和公共信息服务网络模式），并基于公路货运信息服务业发展现状及向现代物流发展的趋势，提出了公路货运信息服务业向现代物流体系发展的基本思路和策略。     

海事赔偿责任限制的法律适用

由于各国关于海事赔偿责任限制的法律规定不一样,因此,在涉外海事赔偿责任限制法律关系中就需要进行法律选择,以确定所应适用的法律。国际社会关于海事赔偿责任限制的法律适用主要有适用法院地法、适用侵权行为地法、适用船旗国法、适用最密切联系原则几种立法模式,中国《海商法》关于海事赔偿责任限制的法律适用宜规定为:海事赔偿责任限制适用船旗国法,若海事赔偿责任限制与其他国家的法律有更密切联系,则适用其他国家的法律。     

川江及三峡库区渝申300TEU集装箱标准船型研究

本文结合渝申300TEU江型集装箱标准船型的总体设计,介绍该船在主尺度选择、快速性研究、总体布置的确定、船舶技术性能评估等方面研究情况,供设计同类船型参考。     

东江下游航道整治工程数学模型研究方法

通过边界贴体坐标方法将受枢纽和人工挖沙等影响剧烈的东江下游水道水沙变化规律进行数学模拟,解决了方案比选和优化的问题,并对回淤或冲刷情况进行了预测,为初步设计提供依据。