自由排水粗粒土最大干密度试验方法

土的最大干密度和最佳含水量是土方路基施工的一项关键指标.通过对自由排水粗粒土最大干密度试验方法的研究,提出了使用表面振动压实仪法的干土法难以得出土的最大干密度,而湿土法不仅能得出土的最大干密度,还能得出土的最佳含水量的观点,可为试验人员合理选择试验方法提供指导.     

在役隧道环境侵蚀下管片承载能力概率劣化模型

在役盾构隧道管片衬砌的承载能力劣化模型是隧道结构耐久性评价及科学养护的基础.以建立能考虑工程不确定性的钢筋混凝土管片概率承载能力劣化模型为目标,考虑隧道运营环境的主要侵蚀因子及管片衬砌的压弯受力特性,建立碳化侵蚀与氯离子侵蚀下管片主筋的锈蚀模型;考虑锈蚀管片中钢筋的截面面积损失以及钢筋[混凝土黏结滑移,以钢筋锈蚀率为媒...     

隧道自动化变形监测的平面基准网稳定性检验

采用自动化变形监测系统进行监测时,准确的工作基点坐标是获得真实监测结果的保障,基准网中是否存在动点关系到能否获取准确的工作基点坐标。论述基准点稳定在变形监测中的重要性,详述组合后验方差检验法在稳定性检验中的使用方法,并利用它对南京市某地铁隧道区间内变形监测平面的基准网进行稳定性分析,准确找出不稳定点,对实际工程监测具有一定参考意义。     

基于小波变换模极大值的行波奇异性检测

为了准确检测用于输电线路故障测距的行波，把基于小波变换模极大值的信号奇异点检测原理应用于行波的时间特征提取，并结合小波消噪技术，在强噪声背景下实现了行波波头的精确定位。仿真表明上述方法是有效的。     

基于一类桥梁样本的混凝土简支桥梁地震易损性分析方法

基于一类简支桥梁样本进行地震易损性分析,通过非线性时程分析得到构件响应,建立概率需求模型。采用定义的损伤状态函数计算构件的易损性曲线,并通过各个构件连接方式的串联假定,计算得到桥梁体系的易损性曲线。分析可知,桥台是最易损的部位,如果各个构件相互独立,体系易损性曲线与最易损构件的易损性曲线相差无几。     

液化石油气铁路罐车运输风险研究

风险分析是实施事前预防和事后救援的依据.为了进行定量风险分析,在对液化石油气铁路罐车运输风险进行定性分析的基础上,引入事故概率修正系数计算泄漏事故概率,并确定了构成事故后果的3个要素.应用Alo-ha软件模拟泄漏过程和泄漏区域,进而建立了风险度量模型.最后,针对主要的风险影响因素,提出了减缓风险的可行措施.     

粗集料最大公称粒径对道路水泥混凝土性能影响的试验研究

为了研究粗集料最大公称粒径对道路水泥混凝土性能的影响,选取19.0 mm、26.5 mm、31.5 mm 3种最大公称粒径的粗集料制作水泥混凝土试件,对混凝土的坍落度、抗压强度、抗弯拉强度、抗渗性能和干缩性能进行了试验研究,并根据试验结果对影响规律进行分析,提出了不同等级公路水泥混凝土粗集料最大公称粒径的建议范围。     

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以复杂网络理论为基础,分析海运网络的拓扑结构具有无标度网络特性,可运用BA无标度网络模型构建演化海运网络.连接概率是BA模型中节点优先连接的重要依据,据此,针对海运网络港口节点进行研究,通过加权量化和MATLAB编程将影响节点间连接的因素组成节点吸引度,引入连接概率公式,改进了BA模型.分别选取2010年全球15个和25个主要集装箱港口的相关数据,运用上述改进BA模型分别得到不同规模的海运网络演化情况,演化结果验证了海运复杂网络具有无标度网络特征,呈现的特性与网络规模没有必然联系,规模大的网络平均路径更长、集聚性更强,度值相差更悬殊.进一步运用全球班轮航线实际网络进行验证,得到两者结构特性基本相同.     

Part 3. Multivariate road safety models: Future research orientations and current use to forecast performance

The third part of the state-of-the-art focuses on the future of road safety modeling and on conjectures concerning the evolution of national safety indicators. In the absence of econometric developments specific to road safety modeling, the research future must rely on pre-existing statistical procedures of econometrics applied to discrete/count and to aggregate data. In terms of contents, growing interest in the heterogeneity of road accident outcomes by category of victims could lead to treatments of this issue across research streams, say by top-down and bottom-up developments, but this speculation does not rest on extant adequate formulations of the issue of road user class and victim analysis. But understanding the time profile of aggregate national performance indicators is quite another matter.     

Accommodating perceptual conditioning in the valuation of expected travel time savings for cars and public transport

Travel time variability (i.e., random variations in travel time) leads to a travel time distribution for a repeated trip from a fixed origin to destination (e.g., from home to work). To represent travel time variability, a series of possible travel times per alternative (departure time, route or mode) are often used in stated choice experiments. In the traditional models, the probabilities associated with different travel scenarios (e.g., arriving early, on time and late) shown in the experiments are directly used as weights. However, evidence from psychology suggests that the shown probabilities may be transformed (underweighted or overweighted) by respondents. To account for this transformation of probabilities, this study incorporates perceptual conditioning through a non-linear probability weighting function into a utility maximisation framework, within which the empirical estimate of the value of expected travel time savings is estimated. The key advantage of this framework is that the estimated willingness to pay value can be directly linked to the source of utility (i.e., the probability distribution of travel time), while taking into account the perceptual transformation of probabilities.