钢渣的硅系与复合系激发及其在软土固化中的应用（双语出版）

中国每年产出大量钢材,伴随而产生的副产品钢渣,因其利用率低而导致资源浪费和环境污染。为充分、高效地再生利用废弃钢渣,从提升钢渣的胶凝性出发,参考水泥组分的率值控制指标,采用偏高岭土对钢渣进行成分增补,以提高Al₂O₃和SiO₂含量,开展水玻璃的硅系激发及水泥的复合系激发试验,制备得到钢渣型复合基材。净浆一定龄期后进行无侧限抗压强度试验,并尝试引入率值这一参数评价钢渣基材性能。结果表明：当水泥、偏高岭土和钢渣之间最优质量配比为50：15：85,水胶比为0.28时,复合基材的90 d强度可达41.5 MPa。复合系与钙系钢渣型基材的率值高度一致,可为不同初始成分的钢渣基材的标准化制备提供参考。采用XRD,SEM,MIP等多种微观测试技术探讨钢渣基材强度形成机理,发现钢渣基材水化产物为C-H,C-（A）-S-H和C-A-H等,其中网状C-S-H最为发育,各部分紧密联结,大孔隙减少,使得钢渣复合基材强度保持稳定增长。将钢渣基材用于软土加固中,当钢渣基材掺量为20%时,固化软土28 d龄期无侧限抗压强度可达1.2 MPa。固化土强度与似水灰比R成反比,给出了可用于预测钢渣基材固化土强度预测的经验表达式。     

不同微观形貌铁酸锰纳米材料的制备及表征

利用非表面活性剂水热法、醋酸铵溶剂热法和共沉淀法制备了不同微观形貌铁酸锰纳米材料,并进行了扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、X射线衍射（XRD）和傅立叶红外光谱（FTIR）等的形貌和结构的表征.结果表明：非表面活性剂水热法和醋酸铵溶剂热法所制备的产品均为结晶良好的尖晶石型铁酸锰纳米材料,具有金属-氧键的红外特征峰,其微观形貌前者为棒形与块状混合,后者为纳米球.共沉淀法所制备的铁酸锰微观形貌为颗粒状,低浓度OH-（[OH-] =0.5M、1.0M）的反应条件有利于尖晶石型铁酸锰纳米晶的生成.     

船舶电解海水法的压载水处理系统

结合中海48000载重吨成品油／原油船“荣池”号的设计经验,对电解海水法的压载水处理系统首次在油船上使用时所面临的关键技术问题予以归纳分析,对今后相关系统的设计有较好的借鉴作用。     

Ports in Proximity – Competition and Coordination among Adjacent Seaports,edited by Theo Notteboom,Cesar Ducruet,and Peter de Langen

The summer minimum extent of Arctic sea ice shrank drastically in these years, and the opportunity on Arctic international shipping emerged. The Northern Sea Route (NSR), formerly blocked by permanent ice, was completely ice-free in September in the past 3 years. Because this route is much shorter than conventional Asia–Europe shipping lane, many maritime countries have paid attention to exploit the enormous potential of the Arctic Ocean from economical consideration. This study measured the economical advantage of the seasonal NSR by calculating the shipping cost saved.     

不同无机质对球磨脱氯的影响及中间产物的研究

基于提高脱氯效率的目的,向研磨反应中分别掺杂九种不同的无机质,并对脱氯结果进行比较,结果表明,在过量氧化钙的环境中,二氧化硅的加入有利于脱氯反应的进行,并能大大提高脱氯率,远高于其他八种物质;另外,金属碱性的强弱是影响脱氯效果的一个重要因素;水分的加入不利于脱氯反应的进行.对于研磨后样品随研磨时间的变化,本实验也通过XRD,TG,DTG和FTIR等手段进行了表征,观察发现在5 h之后,脱氯率没有明显变化,但大分子有机质仍然会进行反应,生成小分子有机物质.     

基于加权相对熵的二阶马尔可夫模型的进化树重构

利用加权相对熵的二阶马尔可夫模型的基本原理,对DNA序列进行比较.DNA序列由4个字符A、T、C、G构成的序列,将其视为一个马尔可夫链,取状态空间Ι={A,T,C,G},使用二阶转移概率矩阵来描述DNA序列,得到DNA序列的特征值,进而利用特征值定义DNA序列的相似性度量,得到能够对DNA序列进行比较的新方法,并利用这个方法对30个物种的线粒体DNA序列进行分类,通过加权相对熵得到距离矩阵的非比对方法构建的进化树划分更加清晰,准确度更高.     

基于认知负荷理论的二维教学动画设计

文章阐述了二维教学动画的内涵及其特点,从认知负荷的三种角度分析了影响二维教学动画中的认知负荷影响因素,提出了有效控制二维教学动画的认知负荷的设计原则,并在此基础上进行了案例分析,为二维教学动画的设计提供了参考。     

High-speed rail's potential for the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions from short haul aviation: a longitudinal study of modal substitution from an energy generation and renewable energy perspective

Abstract

This paper quantifies and evaluates, utilising a ‘bottom-up’ approach, the effect on CO₂ emissions of a modal shift from short-haul air travel to high-speed rail (HSR), based on projected passenger movements, between Sydney and Melbourne, Australia during the period 2010–2030. To date, peer-reviewed studies assessing the CO₂ emissions from these competing modes of high-speed transportation have been restricted principally to a cross-sectional assessment, with a Eurocentric bias. This present comparative study seeks to address a gap in the literature by assessing, longitudinally, the CO₂ emissions associated with the proposed operation of HSR against the ‘business-as-usual’ air scenario between Sydney and Melbourne. Under the assumed 50/50 modal shift, and the Australian government's current renewable electricity target, an annual reduction in CO₂ emissions of approximately 14% could be achieved when compared with a ‘business-as-usual’ air scenario. This percentage reduction represents a 62 kt reduction in base year, 2010, and a 114 kt reduction in the final year, 2030. In total, the overall reduction achieved by such a modal shift, under the assumed conditions, during the period 2010–2030, equates to approximately 1.87 Mt of CO₂. Importantly, if the electrical energy supply for HSR operations was further ‘decarbonised’, then it follows that a greater emission reduction would be achieved.     

南充下中坝嘉陵江大桥机制砂钢管混凝土设计试验与研究

以南充市下中坝嘉陵江大桥为依托工程,对利用机制砂配制C60微膨胀混凝土并用于钢管拱肋进行研究。探讨膨胀剂掺量、砂率对混凝土工作性能、力学性能和体积变形性能的影响,研制符合C60机制砂钢管混凝土指标要求的专用减水剂,并对设计混凝土配合比进行优化,以制备满足工程技术要求的拱肋钢管核心混凝土。     

焊后退火工艺对S355J2W钢焊接接头力学性能的影响

通过显微硬度试验、室温冲击试验和冲击试样显微断口形貌分析,对空冷和退火两种处理的S355J2W钢焊接接头进行了性能研究．结果表明：适当的退火工艺可以降低焊接接头的硬度,消除其残余应力,使焊接接头的组织分布更加均匀,提高焊接接头各微区的冲击性能．