Mobile phone use while driving: public opinions on restrictions

This paper reviews two road-user surveys on the use of mobile phones on the road in Finland where the mobile phone ownership rate is highest in the world (70% in August 2000). From 1998 to 1999 the proportion of drivers that chose to use a mobile phone while driving rose from 56% to 68%, while the proportion of phone using drivers who experienced dangerous situations due to phone use rose from 44% to 50%. The proportion of drivers who used their phones in some way to benefit safety on the road remained at about 55%. The youngest, novice drivers had the highest level of phone usage of all age categories. Over 48% of the interviewees believed that the government should ban the use of hand-held mobile phones while driving, and another 27% believed that all types of mobile phone use should be banned while driving. Those drivers who used their phones the most each day were more likely to want some form of restrictions, than those who had lower usage. This is a strong message to the elected lawmakers and raises the problem of exactly how regulatory bodies would go about controlling the future growth of new driver support and non-driving related communication devices in road vehicles. It was concluded that legislating for hands-free use only would be a reasonable course of action. Mandating that the current generation of equipment should be optimized for hands-free use should result in future generations of in-vehicle equipment also being optimized for hands-free use as a minimum criterion.     

装配式公路钢桥承载力的有限元分析

指出装配式公路钢桥设计中所采用的简化计算方法的不足,使用大型有限元软件ANSYS对其受力情况和承载力进行了分析,并与简化计算方法作了对比,得出了一些规律性的结论,对实际应用具有指导意义。     

盐渍土地区公路边坡的生物防护

结合实践经验论述了盐渍土地区公路边坡生物防护技术的意义,介绍了公路边坡生物防护的主要模式、护坡植物的选择原则以及主要的护坡植物类型。     

对我国建设工程索赔机制运行有关问题的探讨

索赔机制及其运行是实现索赔的重要保证。文章通过对索赔机制的定义及构成分析,阐释了索赔机制的本质及运行影响因素。据此,对我国索赔机制运行中的困境及原因做了剖析,提出了完善我国索赔机制、改善索赔环境的具体措施和建议。     

提速电力机车安全监测系统及判据研究

对目前提速电力机车的运用安全、修程修制等问题作了简明的阐述,提出机车安全监测系统研制的总体方案及故障判别原则。     

阜朝高速公路湿陷性黄土段小桥涵地基的处治

湿陷性黄土易产生沉降变形,且承载力低。本文介绍阜朝高速公路湿陷性黄土段小桥涵地基处治的一些方法。     

变频调速系统的管理和维护

分析变频器运行中的常见故障,介绍做好变频调速系统日常管理和维护的方法.     

科技英语翻译对专业知识的要求

本文从词汇、表达方式和语法结构理解三方面论述了专业知识对科技英语翻译的重要性,同时也简要说明了语言知识也很重要,两者缺一不可,相辅相成。     

渤海波浪地理信息系统的建立

随着地理信息系统(GIS)的广泛应用,建立一个具有波浪预报或后报功能的信息系统为工程建设服务,不仅十分必要,而且随着波浪模拟技术的发展变得可能。文中论述了采用第三代波浪模型中的SWAN(SimulatingWAves Nearshore)来模拟渤海波浪场,在获得较长时间波浪模拟结果的基础上,对渤海波浪地理信息系统的建立进行了一些尝试和探索。这些波浪资料对于港口及海洋工程是十分必要的。     

船舶压载舱的牺牲阳极保护

论述了船舶压载舱产生腐蚀的原因、防腐蚀保护的方法。介绍了中国船级社有关牺牲阳极阴极保护的原则规定、设计要求、安装要求、定期检查项目。最后,将腐蚀的舱壁采用涂装或牺牲阳极阴极保护两种方法进行了经济效益对比分析,得出安装牺牲阳极阴极保护的经济效益显著的结论。