蟒蛇河大桥悬臂施工关键技术

蟒蛇河大桥是204国道跨越蟒蛇河的一座大型桥梁,上部结构为主跨115 m的预应力混凝土连续箱梁,采用悬臂浇筑法施工。该文以该桥为背景,对悬臂施工过程中0号块的锚固与支架搭设、挂篮的千斤顶预压、合拢段施工,以及施工控制等关键技术进行介绍,为同类工程的施工提供一定的参考。     

大跨径预应力混凝土连续梁桥设计分析

本文以一座五跨预应力混凝土连续箱梁桥为工程背景,介绍了大跨径连续梁桥设计中需要考虑的一些主要问题,针对现阶段大跨径连续梁桥的一些主要病害,提出了在设计过程中的相应处理措施。     

悬臂浇筑桥梁合拢中施加配重的原理与方法

悬臂浇筑施工桥梁合拢中的配重问题至关重要,很多工程人员对此理论认识不够系统,工作中比较盲从,本文以连续刚构桥为例,详细阐述了施加配重的原理与方法。     

预偏补偿悬臂端位移在钢桁架拱桥跨中无应力合拢施工中的应用

重庆朝天门长江大桥是目前世界上最大跨度的拱桥,设计无应力跨径为190 m+552 m+190 m,从边支点向跨中悬臂安装.采取预偏施工技术,调整边、中支点高差及位移,补偿合拢口高差及位移,成功实现桁拱跨中无应力合拢,可供类似工程施工参考.     

数值模拟技术在某海堤工程龙口合龙中的应用

在总结多种龙口流速计算公式的基础上,分析各公式具体的适用条件及影响因素。为确定某工程海堤合理的龙口合龙方案,应用数值模拟技术对龙口周边的流速、流场进行计算,计算结果用于确定龙口位置、宽度和结构型式,为工程施工提供有效指导。     

考虑续航能力的新能源汽车充电站递阶延时布局研究

递阶延时布局对降低新能源汽车充电站选址成本投资决策具有重要作用.本文分析递阶延时布局特征：空间维，以续航能力为半径的邻域衔接覆盖性；时间维，随交通流密度的双螺旋同步增长性；投资维，公共资源配置的有效性.在此基础上，基于截流选址方法建立扩展的OD交通路网，构建续航能力约束下的递阶延时布局优化模型；利用改进的逐步推进法求解，对实际案例进行测试和应用，以及相应投资决策分析.结果表明：递阶延时建设可以节约投资，资金成本越高效果越明显；续航里程增加可以减少充电站建设数量，达到节约投资的目的.本文为实际区域递阶延时充电站布局提供决策依据.     

沉湖汉江特大桥主桥连续刚构施工技术

沉湖汉江特大桥主桥为(102+168+102)m连续刚构桥,上部结构为单箱单室、变高度、变截面梁,下部结构采用双墩薄壁圆端形桥墩、钻孔灌注桩基础.主桥桩基采用旋转钻机成孔,承台采用钢板桩围堰法施工;上部结构0号块采用落地式支架法施工,其余节段采用菱形挂篮悬臂浇筑施工,在中跨合龙口设置4 000 kN的水平顶推力,完成中跨合龙.为了保证施工质量及安全,使该桥的实际状态最大限度地趋近设计状态,通过施工监控,使中跨合龙口精度满足规范要求、成桥线形与设计吻合.     

南钦铁路三岸邕江特大桥连续钢桁拱架设关键技术

针对南钦铁路三岸邕江特大桥连续钢桁拱悬臂架设中的技术难点,通过采用新型的边跨压重形式、挂索计算修正公式以及边墩顶落梁的中跨合龙等解决方法,南钦铁路三邕江特大桥得以顺利合龙。     

船体纵骨典型节点疲劳裂纹扩展寿命评估

基于有限元软件ABAQUS,结合虚拟裂纹闭合法、裂纹扩展判据及子结构技术,应用脚本语言Python开发出模拟疲劳裂纹扩展的程序(FCG-System)。对含初始裂纹的油船纵骨典型节点在侧面压力作用下进行疲劳裂纹扩展数值模拟,并探讨了软趾、背肘板及防倾肘板对疲劳裂纹扩展路径和寿命的影响。结果表明,增设软趾、背肘板或防倾肘板都会使裂纹扩展路径曲率增大,且软趾、防倾肘板可使裂纹扩展寿命增大,背肘板可使裂纹扩展寿命减小。     

Development of super element to perform direct analysis on failure assessment of hull structures based on FAD

Failure assessment diagram (FAD) has great potentials to be a powerful tool to assess the integrity of hull structures. However, the current methodology to obtain the fracture ratio and the load ratio, two axes of FAD, for hull structures is tedious and burden which is one of the major obstacles to advance the further application of FAD. In this paper, a super element is introduced to obtain those two ratios simultaneously in the framework of linear elastic analysis within a single step. Besides, the virtual section closure technique is proposed to compute the reference stress under the inspiration of virtual crack closure technique to compute the stress intensity factor. The capacity of the proposed super element has been assessed by two classic examples of a plate with central crack and a cylinder with circumferential crack. The results obtained from the super element are compared to the corresponding analytical solutions. Finally, the cracked Nishihara specimen (NST-3) was examined and the facture ratio and the load ratio obtained by the super element were compared to those obtained by the global analyses. The comparisons indicate that the proposed super element is accurate. No convergence troubles were encountered. Therefore, the methodology developed in this paper could be a very useful addition to perform the direct analysis on the failure of hull structures due to large crack extensions based on the failure assessment diagram.