连拱隧道施工技术

针对连拱隧道的施工工艺复杂,中隔墙衬砌容易开裂和渗漏水的特点,介绍了连拱隧道的施工方法,分析了连拱隧道中隔墙衬砌容易开裂和渗漏水的原因,提出了防排水施工的方法及防治渗漏水的措施,可供类似工程施工中参考.     

轨道客车不锈钢车体电化学钝化工艺研究

文章通过显微组织、显微硬度、电化学性能表征测试,分析了不锈钢车体焊缝及热影响区的组织变化及性能差异,研究了钝化道次、移动速度等电化学钝化工艺参数对焊接接头及热影响区耐蚀性的影响规律.试验结果表明:焊接热影响区显微组织发生明显改变,显微硬度下降,表面耐蚀性明显下降,当以10 mm/s单道次钝化作业时,点蚀电位最高,耐蚀性最好,30天盐雾试验后,钝化处理表面未发现明显锈蚀.该工艺已在公司进行了推广应用,效果良好.     

城市轨道交通钢轨电位和新型回流装置研究

以成都地铁为例,基于钢轨绝缘节的老化和单向导通装置频繁导通问题,将车辆段及停车场等效为小电阻接地支路进行仿真。仿真结果表明,小电阻接地支路可使正线钢轨电位最大提升27.2 V,威胁了正线的安全运营。据此提出一种应用于车辆段与停车场的新型钢轨回流装置,并介绍其控制方法。该新型钢轨回流装置具有辅助列车安全通过绝缘节遏制车辆段与停车场内杂散电流、评估钢轨绝缘节绝缘性能和测量出入段线钢轨过渡电阻的功能。     

新建本科院校市场营销专业模块化教学改革——基于岗位和能力导向的应用技术人才培养

通过行业论证和企业调查,明确市场营销职业岗位类别设置及特征,掌握这些职业岗位对应用技术性本科学生知识、能力和素质等方面的现实需求,通过问卷调查本校市场营销专业学生对专业教学的现状及建议,参考广东部分新建本科院校的做法,建立市场营销专业的岗位需求、工作内容、职业能力、模块教学和任务学习为一体的教学模式。     

Traffic modelling in system boundary expansion of road pavement life cycle assessment

This paper uses a case study of a UK inter-urban road, to explore the impact of extending the system boundary of road pavement life cycle assessment (LCA) to include increased traffic emissions due to delays during maintenance. Some previous studies have attempted this but have been limited to hypothetical scenarios or simplified traffic modelling, with no validation or sensitivity analysis. In this study, micro-simulation modelling of traffic was used to estimate emissions caused by delays at road works, for several traffic management options. The emissions were compared to those created by the maintenance operation, estimated using an LCA model. In this case study, the extra traffic emissions caused by delays at road works are relatively small, compared to those from the maintenance process, except for hydrocarbon emissions. However, they are generally close to, or above, the materiality threshold recommended in PAS2050 for estimating carbon footprints, and reach 5–10% when traffic flow levels are increased (hypothetically) or when traffic management is imposed outside times of lowest traffic flow. It is recommended, therefore, that emissions due to traffic disruption at road works should be included within the system boundary of road pavement LCA and carbon footprint studies and should be considered in developing guidelines for environmental product declarations of road pavement maintenance products and services.     

基于有限元的尼龙板热膨胀性能分析

尼龙材料由于其良好的机械性能及热性能而被广泛应用于各种生产领域,了解掌握尼龙板材在不同温度环境下的热膨胀变形对于设备的维护和保养十分重要。本文从材料的热膨胀理论出发,以有限元的理论为基础,详细讨论尼龙板材在不同温度下发生的热膨胀变形,通过有限元仿真分析尼龙板材在不同温度下的热膨胀性能,得出尼龙板在一定温度范围内的热膨胀变化规律。     

Local joint flexibility of tubular X-joints stiffened with external ring or external plates

In the present paper, the Local Joint Flexibility (LJF) of the ring-stiffened X-joints and plate-stiffened X-joints under compressive load is investigated. In the first phase, a finite element (FE) model was generated and verified with the results of available experimental tests and equations. In the next phase, a set number of 234 FE models were created to evaluate the role of the external ring size (β_r and τ_r), the external plate size (β_p and τ_p), and the connection geometry (γ, τ, and β) on the LJF factor (f_LJF). In these FE models, the weld connecting the chord and brace members was generated. The results indicated that the f_LJF of a plate stiffened joint can be down to 76% of the f_LJF of the corresponding un-stiffened joint. Also, the effect of the ring size on the f_LJF was more than the effect of the plate size on the f_LJF, because of the stiffener position. Despite the notable effect of the ring and the plate on the f_LJF, there is not any study or formula on tubular connections stiffened with ring or plate. Therefore, the FE results were used to propose two parametric formulas for determining the f_LJF in X-joints with external ring or external plate under brace compressive load. Moreover, the derived formulas were checked based on the UK DoE acceptance criteria.     

联合重要度在部件相依时的兼容性算法

在含有相依部件的系统中提出一个联合重要度的兼容性算法，即在基本部件不独立（相依）条件下，将故障树的系统结构特点和部件自身的可靠性因素兼容考虑进行联合重要度计算，并将此算法同其它算法的计算结果进行比较，从而验证说明这一算法的有效性．     

南昌红谷沉管隧道短管节干坞内拉合对接施工技术

沉管隧道最终接头短管节在牵移和拉合过程中易发生偏移与倾斜,且GINA止水带压缩到设计值难度较大。以南昌红谷沉管隧道为例,从准备、牵移、拉合及后处理4个阶段介绍短管节对接拉合施工工艺。通过对底钢板打磨、涂抹黄油等,减小底部摩擦阻力。采用计算机控制液压同步提升系统、液压数据量测、钢端壳间距测量等措施,对短管节轴线及平面控制。实践表明:GINA止水带压缩量误差仅为+4 mm,短管节轴线及平面偏差均在可控范围内,短管节干坞内拉合对接操作可行、质量可靠。     

某商用车散热器面罩开裂分析与改进

为解决散热器面罩开裂问题,提出了焊点优化方案和散热器面罩加强板外置/加强板内置方案,并进行了模块化设计,制定了2组改进措施。有限元分析结果表明:2种改进措施与原状态相比,均有良好应力改善效果,满足应力要求。