外海轻型码头结构环境荷载的统计分析

对外海轻型码头结构的波浪荷载和海流荷载进行了统计分析。给出一个波浪周期内,波浪荷载的均值系数和变异系数随相位角的变化,进而得出50年设计基准期内波浪荷载的均值系数和变异系数。使用Monte-Carlo方法研究了波浪荷载的概率分布类型。利用海洋平台已有的研究成果,给出了50年设计基准期内海流荷载的均值系数和变异系数。结果表明:对于外海轻型码头结构,可认为波浪荷载和海流荷载均服从极值I型分布;50年基准期波浪荷载的均值系数为1.166,变异系数为0.263,海流荷载的均值系数为1.269,变异系数为0.142。     

温度荷载作用下混凝土箱梁桥剪力滞效应分析

采用有限元法对大跨混凝土箱梁桥在温度荷载及自重作用下的剪力滞效应进行了分析,结果表明,在温度作用下,箱梁翼板底面存在着较为严重的剪力滞现象,并获得了箱梁在温度荷载作用下剪力滞效应的一般规律和初步结论。     

近岛礁超大型浮体连接器载荷研究

对于布置在岛礁附近的浮体,复杂海底地形的作用不可忽略.文章基于RMFC模型,同时将地形作为固定物体,研究了复杂海底地形对布置于岛礁附近的超大型浮体的运功响应和连接器载荷的影响.数值计算结果表明,地形的存在对浮体绕射力存在显著的影响,同时增加了低频区域的连接器载荷.     

CMOS电流镜原理及应用分析

所谓的电流镜是由两个或多个并联的相关电流支路组成,各支路的电流依据一定的器件比例关系而成比例。研究和探讨MOS电流镜电路理论和技术对认识、理解并发展模拟电路设计技术有着重要的意义。文章简要介绍了CMOS有源电流镜的原理（以NMOS电流镜为例）,分析讨论了电流镜在差分放大电路中的应用,并阐述了用该电路作为负载的差动对的特性,以及一种宽摆幅高输出阻抗恒流源偏置电路。     

多元荷载作用下软基深水高桩码头结构承载特性研究*

软基深水高桩码头结构受到恶劣外海环境荷载及复杂工作荷载等多元荷载的共同作用。研究表明,船舶撞击荷载是该结构水平向控制荷载,但波浪长期循环荷载作用会引起桩周土体软化,进而导致码头结构在其它荷载作用下承载特性的劣化。鉴于此,首先基于ABAQUS有限元软件建立了深水高桩码头结构-地基土体相互作用的三维弹塑性有限元模型;然后,借助USDFLD子程序实现了同时考虑土体强度弱化和刚度衰减的模拟,进而开展了未考虑土体软化、仅考虑土体强度弱化、仅考虑土体刚度衰减以及同时考虑土体强度弱化和刚度衰减对码头结构承载特性影响的对比分析。研究结果表明,与未考虑土体软化时撞击荷载作用下码头结构安全系数相比,仅考虑土体强度弱化时其值降低14.72%,仅考虑土体刚度衰减时其值降低15.28%,同时考虑土体强度弱化和刚度衰减时其值降低19.44%,且考虑土体软化后桩周土体的塑性应变范围明显增大,极限状态时桩身应力值减小,结构稳定性显著降低。     

Structural loads induced in a containership by abnormal wave conditions

An analysis is presented of the vertical bending moments induced in a containership by a set of abnormal waves measured at different locations and on different occasions. A systematic investigation was carried out by using a large set of wave traces that included abnormal waves. In this way it was possible to assess the influence of the height, length, and shape of the abnormal waves on the wave-induced structural loads. The probability distributions of the ship responses to the sea states that included the abnormal waves were also calculated and were compared to the responses induced by the abnormal waves and to fitted distributions. Finally, the structural loads induced by the abnormal waves were compared with rule values and with long-term predictions.     

真空预压法加固地基效果的影响因素

通过对影响真空预压地基加固效果的几个关键因素的分析,认为改进真空预压射流泵、提高加固区四周的密封性、膜上加载、在一定范围内减少塑料排水板间距是有效提高地基固结度、缩短工期、节约工程成本的主要途径。     

Comparison of numerical and experimental results of nonlinear wave-induced vertical ship motions and loads

 A nonlinear time-domain procedure is presented which is used to calculate the vertical responses of a container ship advancing in head waves. The method assumes linear radiation forces represented by time convolution of memory functions, infinite frequency added masses, and radiation restoring coefficients. The nonlinear hydrostatic restoring and Froude–Krilov forces are computed exactly over the instantaneous wetted surface of the ship's hull. Forces due to green water on deck are calculated using the momentum method. Nonlinear effects are identified on different vertical ship responses, namely on the heave and pitch motions, the vertical accelerations, and the vertical bending moment. These non-linear effects are expressed by the variation of the transfer function with the wave amplitude, the higher-order harmonics of the time signals, the offset of the time series, and the asymmetry of the peaks. The numerical results and the quantified nonlinear effects are compared with experimental results showing an ability to reproduce the main nonlinear effects. Received: December 17, 2001 / Accepted: January 31, 2002     

Long term distribution of non-linear wave induced vertical bending moments

A method is proposed for the long-term formulation of wave induced vertical bending moments in ship structures. The non-linearity of the response is represented by an uncertain modelling factor that is calibrated by experimental values. Long term predictions are obtained for a tanker and a container ship hull showing that only in the latter case is the response clearly non-linear and reproduced in the long-term predictions.     

矩形水舱流体晃荡的水动力特性的试验研究

本文根据在上海交通大学船舶及海洋工程系船舶流体力学实验室进行的模型试验,论述了无制荡结构及具有内部制荡结构(制荡隔壁,深甲板梁——制荡板和船底宽肋板)时的水动力特性。对制荡效果作了讨论。 文中对试验数据进行了分析比较,与理论值及别的试验结果的比较表明,本文的试验结果是令人满意的。文中对试验数据进行了回归分析,得出可供设计参考的经验公式。最后对油船设计中如何考虑舱内流体的晃荡载荷提出建议。