沿海滩涂区桩基施工

泉州后渚大桥位于大潮差滩涂区,引桥采用桩基筑岛施工,介绍筑岛施工要注意的问题及应对办法。     

Crash prediction model for two-lane rural highways in the Ashanti region of Ghana

Crash Prediction Models (CPMs) have been used elsewhere as a useful tool by road Engineers and Planners. There is however no study on the prediction of road traffic crashes on rural highways in Ghana. The main objective of the study was to develop a prediction model for road traffic crashes occurring on the rural sections of the highways in the Ashanti Region of Ghana. The model was developed for all injury crashes occurring on selected rural highways in the Region over the three (3) year period 2005–2007. Data was collected from 76 rural highway sections and each section varied between 0.8 km and 6.7 km. Data collected for each section comprised injury crash data, traffic flow and speed data, and roadway characteristics and road geometry data. The Generalised Linear Model (GLM) with Negative Binomial (NB) error structure was used to estimate the model parameters. Two types of models, the ‘core’ model which included key exposure variables only and the ‘full’ model which included a wider range of variables were developed. The results show that traffic flow, highway segment length, junction density, terrain type and presence of a village settlement within road segments were found to be statistically significant explanatory variables (p < 0.05) for crash involvement. Adding one junction to a 1 km section of road segment was found to increase injury crashes by 32.0% and sections which had a village settlement within them were found to increase injury crashes by 60.3% compared with segments with no settlements. The model explained 61.2% of the systematic variation in the data. Road and Traffic Engineers and Planners can apply the crash prediction model as a tool in safety improvement works and in the design of safer roads. It is recommended that to improve safety, highways should be designed to by-pass village settlements and that the number of junctions on a highway should be limited to carefully designed ones.     

空间六索面斜拉桥钢桥塔拉索锚固区受力分析及结构优化

依据钢桥塔的结构形式和受力特点,建立钢桥塔节段的板壳有限元模型,对索塔锚固区进行有限元静力分析,得出索塔锚固区的应力分布特征,通过减小塔壁与横隔板厚度、在锚固区支撑加劲肋间加水平加劲肋等对锚固区的结构进行优化,使上横隔板的应力集中现象得到了很好的解决,且传力较流畅。     

山区公路紧急避险车道驶入角研究

通过实地调查和查阅相关资料的方法确定了我国山区长大下坡公路交通事故的主要车型和紧急避险车道的设计车速。以保证制动失效车辆行驶时的横向稳定性为前提,以主线为右转曲线的公路为主要研究对象,通过制动失效车辆由主线驶入紧急避险车道的行车轨迹几何特征对紧急避险车道驶入角和主线平曲线半径之间的关系进行了研究,得出了适合我国山区紧急避险车道驶入角的合理取值范围。为我国山区公路紧急避险车道驶入角的选取提供了必要的理论参考。     

寒区隧道冻胀压力的约束冻胀模型

评价了中国主要的冻胀压力分析模型,在存水空间模型的基础上,分析了冻胀水体的形变约束特征,提出了冻胀压力类似于气体压力的约束冻胀模型,并给出了相应的理论分析公式;计算分析了冻胀压力的作用位置、冻胀水体尺度、围岩和衬砌刚度等对衬砌结构安全度的影响及分布规律。结果表明:该模型表现了冻胀压力为局部荷载的特征,同时考虑了衬砌和围岩刚度对冻胀压力的影响,并可模拟存水空间内的冻胀水体为任何多面体形状;增加衬砌刚度仍是提高衬砌抗冻能力的有效措施。     

山区高速公路大修工程成功经验总结

从大修的设计原则、时机选择、新技术新工艺应用、路面病害处理、交通组织与管理等方面．对石太山区高速公路大修工程的成功经验进行总结,可供同行参考借鉴。     

交通工程特色专业建设研究

分析重庆交通大学交通工程专业发展历程和存在的主要问题,提出该专业的建设特色和建设目标,并从加强教师队伍建设、人才培养方案、课程体系设置、实践教学、教学管理等方面提出相应的建设策略,可供相关院校参考。     

山岭区公路横断面设计

由于山岭区高速公路的复杂性和受外界影响因素的多样性,设计时既要考虑在技术上满足要求,又要结合当地实际情况,进行方案比选、技术论证,以确定最优化、最安全的路基断面。     

山岳隧道衬砌裂缝肇因诊断方法研究——以力学因素为例

诊断衬砌异状肇因为隧道安全评估与维修补强对策设计至关重要之项目。依据隧道检测案例与技术文献报导,研究隧道衬砌裂缝力学因素,提出可诊断力学因素的5种典型裂缝型态。继而透过典型裂缝型态的特征与空间分布,开发出诊断山岳隧道衬砌裂缝力学肇因之流程与方法,并以一实际铁路隧道检测案例验证所提流程与方法。     

山区国省道公路场镇路段路而大修方案研究

在山区国省道公路中,由于受地形限制,沿线场镇一般是依路而建,这些路段被称为‘‘场镇路段”．属于大修工程中的难点。对重庆市国省道近年来大修工程进行总结,对于场镇路段的路面大修方案进行比选,分析各维修方案的使用条件,以供同行参考。