乌鞘岭隧道弹性支承块式整体道床施工技术

简要介绍了乌鞘岭隧道左线出口弹性支承块式整体道床设计和施工情况，对其施工工艺、进度及质量控制措施等作了论述，以期为今后同类工程施工提供参考。     

A tri-axial ice model for simulating ice-stiffened panel impact: Experiments and numerical modeling

The interaction of ice with a polar ship is complex, which may involve several ice failure mechanisms such as local crushing, tensile, cracking, bending, shearing, sliding and the ship structures could attain permanent deformations. A reasonable modeling of ice behavior is, therefore, critical to the analysis of ship-ice interactions. This paper reports an experimental and numerical study on the behavior of stiffened panels subject to the impact of a wedge-shaped ice block/indenter. The tested stiffened panel was mounted to a Falling Weight Impact Tester, and measurements were taken to help understand the dynamic responses of the structure and the ice, and also the permanent deformations. Finite element analyses using ABAQUS/EXPLICIT were also performed for the lab tests. The proposed ice model features a multi-surface yield function, empirical failure criteria for a few ice failure modes, and a representation of the remaining load carrying capacity of crushed ice. This ice model is implemented in a user-defined subroutine VUMAT and uses the cohesive element in a numerical solution. The predicted and measured impact force and structural deformation compared very well with the tests, indicating that the proposed ice model coded in VUMAT is reasonable. A series of parametric studies was then carried out to identify the key parameters of this new ice model that would have major effects on the prediction of ice impacts. The paper intends to provide test data that may be useful in understanding the complex ice-ship interaction and to introduce a numerical solution with a new ice model that improves the simulation of high-energy ice-ship impacts.     

蒙皮粘接技术在大客车上的应用

介绍蒙皮粘接技术在大客车上的应用.     

汽车塑料仪表板乙醛含量溯源分析及控制方法

采用一立方仓法对车内重点零件进行醛类检测,并利用微箱对问题零件进行溯源分析及整改验证.实验表明,内饰件中仪表板乙醛含量明显偏高,特别是PP材质在高温剪切及氧化反应等过程中,会形成大量乙醛分子.通过研究PP粒料中抗氧化剂含量、挤出温度、后处理时间及散件注塑温度、通风时间等对仪表板乙醛含量的影响,表明当抗氧化剂含量在1％、...     

船体板和加筋板的屈曲及极限强度研究综述

  目的  为记录和分析轴向受压加筋板的实际屈曲失效历程,开展基于三维数字图像相关（3D-DIC）方法的加筋板轴向受压屈曲失效路径试验研究。  方法  建立测量轴向受压加筋板的三维变形场方法,通过用有限元分析软件ABAQUS进行数值仿真计算,确定几种不同尺寸加筋板试件并开展加载试验,使用3D-DIC方法测量轴压加筋板屈曲失效全场位移和应变信息,获取轴压加筋板的屈曲失效路径。  结果  试验结果表明：在初始压缩阶段,加筋板局部各跨出现了屈曲鼓包,且数目会随着载荷的增加而逐步增多;在后屈曲阶段,加筋板承载能力逐渐降低而离面位移持续增大,板格的屈曲波形发展合并为最终的位移分布;加筋板最终的失效模式表现为板的整体屈曲失效和加强筋的扭转屈曲失效。  结论  采用3D-DIC方法试验研究轴向受压下加筋板的屈曲失效路径,所得结果可为加筋板稳定性数值计算方法的研究提供可靠的验证信息。     

金属夹层结构的舰船应用研究综述

  目的   为了提高轻质泡沫铝夹层板的抗爆性能,  方法   通过采用有限元软件AUTODYN,对功能梯度泡沫铝夹层板在空爆载荷作用下的动态响应开展研究。在功能梯度泡沫铝夹层板的芯层高度及重量不变的情况下,分析讨论芯层不同排列顺序对夹层板上、下面板中心处速度、塑性变形和各部件吸能的影响。  结果   结果表明：夹层板上面板中心点处最大速度随迎爆面一侧芯层密度的增大而减小;芯层密度从迎爆面到背爆面依次为高—低—中排列顺序的夹层板的抗爆性能最好;芯层吸收了大部分能量,并且在迎爆面一侧密度小的排列组合其吸能特性最好。  结论   数值分析结果可为泡沫铝夹层板的芯层优化设计提供参考。     

扭矩平衡式水下机器人推进器研究

某些水下机器人横向尺度较小,往往与其主推螺旋桨直径处于同一量级;螺旋桨旋转所带来的扭矩会使机器人产生明显的横倾;所以,在水下机器人的推进器设计过程中就必须考虑保持机器人的纵向稳定性.该文就此问题提出了一种集成式扭矩平衡推进器,该推进器利用与保护导管相连的后置定子产生反扭矩来平衡螺旋桨旋转产生的扭矩,导管、导管支架、定子与驱动主机集成为一体,推进器整体无扭矩输出,通用性强.此后给出了推进器的理论设计方法及过程,应用面元法理论对所设计推进器进行了水动力性能计算分析.最后讨论了定子各参数对推进器性能的影响.     

国内船舶结构稳定性研究进展

船体板和加筋板的屈曲及极限强度是船舶结构强度设计的重要内容,近年来研究成果颇丰,为了能够更方便地对其展开学习和研究,对近十几年来国内外钢质船体板和加筋板的屈曲及极限强度研究进展进行综述。主要叙述了静态加载范畴下的研究现状,分别按照试验法、数值计算法、解析法和综合性方法4种不同研究方法,对完整结构和含有开口、裂纹、腐蚀、凹痕几种不同损伤的非完整结构,在承受单一载荷或联合载荷作用下的极限强度研究成果进行系统的概述,并介绍加筋板低周疲劳和动力屈曲的研究必要性和部分研究成果,讨论各研究方法的优劣性,对一些重要的定性研究结论进行汇总,指出6个需要进一步展开研究的问题。     

The endogeneity of OECD gasoline taxes: Evidence from pair-wise,heterogeneous panel long-run causality tests

Despite the current interest in using fuel taxes as an instrument for climate policy, there has been little study of current automotive fuel tax regimes. We expand on two earlier cross-sectional studies on why fuel taxes differ across countries by using OECD panel data and employing heterogeneous panel cointegration and long-run panel Granger-causality techniques. We confirm some of those earlier studies’ conclusions. Further, we find that governments that rely on consumption-based taxes for revenues will have higher gasoline tax rates (than governments that rely on income and wealth/property-based taxes). But more significantly, we determine that higher gasoline demand among consumers “causes” democratic governments to set lower gasoline taxes—a finding with important implications for today’s climate/energy policy debate.     

信号电源屏发展历程及全高频无切换智能电源屏的研究与应用

概述我国铁路信号智能电源屏技术发展历程和现状,阐述无切换接点的铁路信号智能电源屏关键技术的突破,以及如何实现智能电源屏技术先进性与实用性相统一。