不定期多目标动态规划问题的非劣矩阵解法

针对不定期多目标规划问题，指出其一般只存在非劣解的性质，提出了不定期多目标阶段收益非劣合成矩阵、不定期多目标递推矩阵等概念．在此基础上构造出不定期多目标动态规划问题的非劣矩阵解法．该方法不要求事先给出各目标的相应权重，并能保证找到所有非劣解．文中给出的计算实例验证了这一方法的正确性和实用价值．     

螺旋桨低频宽带噪声影响参数研究与流—声多目标优化设计

文章以谱方法为理论基础,以条带法为数值求解方法,针对Sears力响应函数引入厚度修正,建立了螺旋桨低频宽带噪声理论预报方法.通过对比10叶模型螺旋桨水筒试验数据,验证了厚度修正的效果,厚度修正后总声级误差由2 dB减少至1.1 dB.文中利用厚度修正后的预报方法,从三个层次六个方面对影响螺旋桨低频宽带噪声的参数进行研究,并实现了流-声多目标优化设计:(1)单个螺旋桨影响参数灵敏度分析:①外半径型值对总声级影响较大,而内半径几乎没有影响.②利用Sobol灵敏度分析法对两个不同叶数螺旋桨的流场参数和螺旋桨参数进行研究发现:不同桨叶下各参数影响因子几乎一致,来流速度对于螺旋桨低频宽带总声级有最大贡献,约为30％的正效应,其次是湍流度约为22％的正效应,而湍流积分长度仅占7％的负效应.(2)单个螺旋桨流—声多目标优化设计研究:以NSGA-Ⅱ为优化算法,结合非定常面元法和低频宽带噪声预报方法,实现流-声多目标优化设计.(3)多个螺旋桨相对关系稳健性分析:对不同螺旋桨低频宽带噪声相对关系稳健性进行研究,分析湍流积分长度和湍流度变化的影响.该文的研究成果为下一步将低频宽带噪声纳入螺旋桨设计考核指标奠定了理论基础.     

载人潜器非耐压结构多目标优化设计

基于近似模型技术和多目标优化理论开展框架结构优化设计。针对传统优化方法不能实现自动计算和连续优化的问题,采用APDL参数化语言实现了框架结构的参数化建模,并将Ansys与ISIGHT集成搭建了框架结构的优化设计流程。基于试验设计,根据灵敏度分析完成了框架结构设计变量的筛选,通过近似模型的精度分析构建了框架结构响应面近似模型。采用响应面近似模型进行数值计算,使用智能优化算法完成框架结构单目标和多目标优化设计,并将结果与有限元计算值对比,验证基于近似模型优化的准确性。     

Mathematical model for optimising the sequence for clearing snow from the manoeuvring area during winter operations

This article considers the optimisation of the sequence for clearing snow from stretches of the manoeuvring area of an airport. This issue involves the optimisation of limited resources to remove snow from taxiways and runways thereby leaving them in an acceptable condition for operating aircraft. The airfield is divided into subsets of significant stretches for the purpose of operations and target times are established during which these are open to aircraft traffic. The document contains several mathematical models each with different functions, such as the end time of the process, the sum of the end times of each stretch and gap between the estimated and the real end times. During this process, we introduce different operating restrictions on partial fulfilment of the operational targets as applied to zones of special interest, or relating to the operation of the snow‐clearing machines. The problem is solved by optimisation based on linear programming. The article gives the results of the computational tests carried out on five distinct models of the manoeuvring area, which cover increasingly complex situations and larger areas. The mathematical model is particularised for the case of the manoeuvring area of Adolfo Suarez Madrid—Barajas Airport. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Highlights
• Optimal sequence for clearing snow from the manoeuvring area of an airport.
• Contains optimising algorithms solved using CPLEX LP‐based tree search.
• Restrictions on partial fulfilment of operational targets applied to subsets of significant stretches, used for planning the operation of snow‐clearing machines.
• Model applied to the case of the manoeuvring area of Adolfo Suárez Madrid Barajas Airport.
• Conclusions are given on the results of the computational tests carried out. There are five models of the manoeuvring area which cover increasingly complex situations and larger areas.

     

Rule-based control of a semi-active suspension for minimal sprung mass acceleration: design and measurement

In this paper, a rule-based controller is developed for the control of a semi-active suspension to achieve minimal vertical acceleration. The rules are derived from the results obtained with a model predictive controller. It is shown that a rule-based controller can be derived that mimics the results of the model predictive controller and minimises vertical acceleration. Besides this, measurements on a test vehicle show that the developed rule-based controller achieves a real-world reduction of the vertical acceleration, which is in agreement with the simulations.     

Multiobjective optimisation of bogie suspension to boost speed on curves

To improve safety and maximum admissible speed on different operational scenarios, multiobjective optimisation of bogie suspension components of a one-car railway vehicle model is considered. The vehicle model has 50 degrees of freedom and is developed in multibody dynamics software SIMPACK. Track shift force, running stability, and risk of derailment are selected as safety objective functions. The improved maximum admissible speeds of the vehicle on curves are determined based on the track plane accelerations up to 1.5?m/s². To attenuate the number of design parameters for optimisation and improve the computational efficiency, a global sensitivity analysis is accomplished using the multiplicative dimensional reduction method (M-DRM). A multistep optimisation routine based on genetic algorithm (GA) and MATLAB/SIMPACK co-simulation is executed at three levels. The bogie conventional secondary and primary suspension components are chosen as the design parameters in the first two steps, respectively. In the last step semi-active suspension is in focus. The input electrical current to magnetorheological yaw dampers is optimised to guarantee an appropriate safety level. Semi-active controllers are also applied and the respective effects on bogie dynamics are explored. The safety Pareto optimised results are compared with those associated with in-service values. The global sensitivity analysis and multistep approach significantly reduced the number of design parameters and improved the computational efficiency of the optimisation. Furthermore, using the optimised values of design parameters give the possibility to run the vehicle up to 13% faster on curves while a satisfactory safety level is guaranteed. The results obtained can be used in Pareto optimisation and active bogie suspension design problems.     

机场最小起降带模糊优选理论模型

应用多目标决策模糊优选理论,研究了抢修方法、弹坑工程量等因素对机场最小起降带方案评判结果的影响,建立了最小起降带模糊优选理论模型,给出了相关参数的建议值。结合抢修实例对模型和参数进行了检验,发现方案评判结果的优属度量化值由只考虑抢修时间影响的0．83提高为综合评判后的0．98。结果表明该模型可以较好地评价机场最小起降带方案的综合优劣程度,所得决策结果与实际情况比较吻合。     

基于自动深度学习盾构掘进姿态预测与控制

提出了基于自动深度学习（AutoDL）算法和多目标优化算法的结合可实现数据驱动的姿态偏差控制指导,用于盾构掘进姿态的预测与控制,以解决现有盾构掘进姿态预测中所面临的执行难度高、成本高、效率低等问题,可用于自动精准地预测盾构掘进姿态随着工程进展的动态变化趋势,并针对盾构机施工状态执行多目标优化算法,快速自动搜寻最优策略,实时调整合适的盾构操作参数,减少对于现场操作人员经验和主观判断的依赖。以上海市天然气主干管网崇明岛-长兴岛-浦东新区五号沟LNG站管道工程隧道A线工程为例,展示该算法框架的优越性。研究结果有助于降低深度学习进入盾构智能控制领域的门槛,推动智能盾构发展。     

重型混联式混合动力车辆换挡品质控制参数设计与优化

在重型混联式混合动力车辆换挡过程对发动机和电机进行主动调速的品质控制基础上,针对影响控制品质的换挡操作元件(离合器或制动器)充放油缓冲特性与充放油速率等参数进行了设计,以换挡品质评价指标为优化目标,对缓冲充油速率与接合速差等关键换挡品质控制参数进行了多目标优化。结果表明:研究得到的控制参数使换挡品质大幅提高,符合换挡品质指标要求;研究得到的参数设计与优化方法正确、有效。     

高速公路资产综合优化管理研究

从道路管理者和道路使用者的需求入手,尝试建立了基于资产性能最优与投资效益最大的路面和桥梁综合优化管理模型;选取算例利用遗传算法通过MATLAB对所建立的模型进行了求解,验证了算法的可行性,同时表明遗传算法较一般的数学规划方法在模型求解过程中呈现出更大的优越性.在利用综合优化管理模型找到最佳投资养护方案的基础上,依照推荐...