基于广义费用函数的城际铁路分时定价策略研究

随着我国城市群的发展,区域内部各城市之间的客流需求不断增长,城际铁路作为城市间出行的主要方式,客流在高峰、低谷时段具有明显的不均衡性。为了更加平稳有序地提供高质量服务,充分发挥票价调节供需匹配关系的作用,对城际铁路分时定价策略进行研究,构建不同时刻、不同运输方式的旅客出行广义费用函数,建立双层规划模型,优化不同时段城际铁路票价,并结合Frank-Wolfe算法和带有惯性权重的粒子群算法,求解双层规划模型。最后,以京津城际铁路为例,验证了分时定价策略可以使客流分布更加均衡,并提高铁路运输部门收益。     

线性需求下铁路客运差别定价模型研究

为提高席位资源利用率,研究了线性需求下我国铁路客运差别定价策略的优化模型。以收益最大化为目标,基于最优化理论和完全价格歧视策略,确定旅客群体最优细分数目以及每个旅客群体的最优票价,得出在客运淡季,铁路旅客最优细分数目为3~5个,各旅客群的最优票价由铁路客运市场细分数目决定。应用该模型为某城际高铁进行差别定价,试验结果表明,该模型可达到调节客流、增加收益的目的。     

基于WATV去噪的冲击特征提取方法在高速列车轴承故障诊断中的应用

提取高速列车轴承故障振动信号中的冲击特征,可以有效地对其进行故障诊断。利用小波-全变差(Wavelet-Total Variation,WATV)算法能够对信号进行稀疏引导的特点,提出了基于WATV去噪的冲击特征提取方法。该算法针对含噪声冲击特征的提取问题构建了目标优化函数,该函数融合了冲击特征的保真度度量算子以及惩罚因子。利用凸优化理论可对目标函数进行求解,从而增强信号在小波域和时域的稀疏性,使得特征提取结果最优化。通过构造一仿真信号对WATV算法的有效性进行了验证,并将该方法应用于高速列车齿轮箱轴承故障诊断中。结果表明,该方法能够很好地提取出信号中的冲击特征,并且频谱中的故障表征明显,能够有效地应用于高速列车轴承故障诊断中。     

南昌市一环路交通指路标志系统优化方案研究

南昌市一环路于2019年成环通车,是南昌市的第一条快速路环线。在分段建设过程中,各建设单位只限于对施工范围内的道路指路信息进行设计和建设,造成一环路成环后指路标志缺乏系统性、连续性,还存在部分路段采用的指路标志等级与道路等级不符等问题。通过分析现状南昌市一环路交通指路标志设置杂乱症结,探索既满足国标又符合南昌市交通发展需要的一环路交通指路标志系统优化方案,为南昌市新建或改建的城市快速路交通指路标志设计提供有益参考。     

减摇鳍海水冷却器防腐防漏优化

海水冷却器在减摇鳍系统中占据举足轻重的地位,决定了设备是否可正常使用。受各类因素的影响,海水冷却器在使用过程中易发生漏水问题,致使油液被乳化,加剧液压零部件的磨损,从而严重影响液压系统的安全与长期稳定运行。而检修作业将对船舶舱内环境产生较大的破坏,增加运营维护成本,解决漏水问题迫在眉睫。文章主要对漏水原因进行分析,并加以优化,提高液压系统的可靠性。     

Strain prediction for critical positions of FPSO under different loading of stored oil using GAIFOA-BP neural network

FPSO (floating, production, storage and offloading) units are widely used in the offshore oil and gas industry. Generally, FPSOs have excellent oil storage capacity owing to their huge oil cargo holds. The volume and distribution of stored oil in the cargo holds influence the strain level of hull girder, especially at critical positions of FPSO. However, strain prediction using structural analysis tools is computationally expensive and time consuming. In this study, a prediction tool based on back-propagation (BP) neural network called GAIFOA-BP is proposed to predict the strain values of concerned positions of an FPSO model under different oil storage conditions. The GAIFOA-BP combines BP model and GAIFOA which is a combination of genetic algorithm (GA) and an improved fruit fly optimization algorithm (IFOA). Results from three benchmark tests show that the GAIFOA-BP model has a remarkable performance. Subsequently, a total of 81 sets of training data and 25 sets of testing data are obtained from experiment using fiber Bragg grating (FBG) sensors installed on the surface of an FPSO model. The numerical results show that the GAIFOA-BP is capable of predicting the strain values with higher accuracy as compared with other BP models. Finally, the reserved GAIFOA-BP model is utilized to predict the strain values under the inputs of a 10-day time series of volume and distribution of stored oil. The predicted strain results are further used to calculate the fatigue consumption of measurement points.     

Integrated design optimization of spar floating wind turbines

A linearized aero-hydro-servo-elastic floating wind turbine model is presented and used to perform integrated design optimization of the platform, tower, mooring system, and blade-pitch controller for a 10 MW spar floating wind turbine. Optimal design solutions are found using gradient-based optimization with analytic derivatives, considering both fatigue and extreme response constraints, where the objective function is a weighted combination of system cost and power quality. Optimization results show that local minima exist both in the soft-stiff and stiff-stiff range for the first tower bending mode and that a stiff-stiff tower design is needed to reach a solution that satisfies the fatigue constraints. The optimized platform has a relatively small diameter in the wave zone to limit the wave loads on the structure and an hourglass shape far below the waterline. The shape increases the restoring moment and natural frequency in pitch, which leads to improved behaviour in the low-frequency range. The importance of integrated optimization is shown in the solutions for the tower and blade-pitch control system, which are clearly affected by the simultaneous design of the platform. State-of-the-art nonlinear time-domain analyses show that the linearized model is conservative in general, but reasonably accurate in capturing trends, suggesting that the presented methodology is suitable for preliminary integrated design calculations.     

载重38 800 t散货船推进轴系轴承布置设计

通过有限元分析,选取Workbench作为平台,采用MOGA优化算法分别对尾管轴承和中间轴承的长度和布置位置进行敏感度分析,得到轴系设计过程中各参数的不同敏感度,同时计算轴承布置位置和长度与轴系最大应力关系,得到船舶轴系的最佳优化设计方案。     

基于SLP的船舶切割加工中心布局设计优化

依据生产车间内产品、产量、工艺过程、辅助部门和时间等5个基本要素,采用SLP法对船舶切割加工中心进行布局设计优化。综合考虑物流与非物流因素、综合关系、位置和面积等相关影响,应用虚拟仿真技术对布局设计方案进行对比分析,并验证SLP法布局设计优化方案有利于提升工位生产效率、降低无效时间占比,进而实现精益化生产。     

MARK III 型LNG模拟舱结构安全评估及优化设计研究

液化天然气（Liquefied Natural Gas）运输船的建造技术复杂,货物维护系统（Cargo ContainmentSystem） 种类繁多,船上 LNG 常采用低温高压的储藏方式,该方式对储舱结构强度以及货物维护系统的变形要求非常高。本文采用有限元方法, 对根据行业规范设计的 MARK III 型 LNG 模拟舱结构进行结构强度安全性评估,并在满足 LNG 模拟舱结构承载能力要求的基础上,对 MARK III 型 LNG 模拟舱进行结构优化设计研究,为今后 MARK III 型 LNG 运输船的船体结构设计和优化提供可靠的技术支撑。