交叉口行人过街心理及交通行为分析

行人与机动车的冲突是影响交叉口运行效率的重要因素。研究交叉口行人过街心理及行为的意义,分析行人过街过程及心理特征,总结行人过街等待时间、穿行速度特征、可接受间隙、违章行为及道路交通环境对行人心理和行为的影响,对行人的违章心理进行论述,并提出减少行人违章的措施。     

Measurements of car-body lateral vibration induced by high-speed trains negotiating complex terrain sections under strong wind conditions

Assessment of the vibration of high-speed trains negotiating complex sections of terrain under strong wind conditions is very important for research into the operation safety and comfort of passengers on high-speed trains. To assess the vibration of high-speed trains negotiating complex sections of terrain under strong wind conditions, we performed a field measurement when the train passes through typical sections of complex terrain along the Lanzhou–Xinjiang high-speed railway in China. We selected the lateral vibration conditions, including the roll angle and lateral displacement of car-body gravity centre through two typical representative sections (embankment–tunnel–embankment and embankment–rectangular transition–cutting) for analysis. The results show that the severe car-swaying phenomenon occurs when the high-speed train moves through the test section, and the car-body lateral vibration characteristic is related significantly to the state of the terrain and topography along the railway. The main causes for this car-swaying phenomenon may be the transitions between different windproof structures, and the greater the scale of the transition region between different windproof structures or landform changes, the more obvious the car-swaying phenomenon becomes. The lateral vibration of the car-body is relatively steady when the train is running through terrain with minor changes in topography, such as the windbreak installed on the bridge and embankment, but the tail car sways more violently than the head car. When the vehicle runs from the windbreak installed on the embankment into the tunnel (or in the opposite direction), the tail car sways more intensely than the head car, and the head car runs relatively stable in the tunnel.     

A list of accident scenarios for three legs skewed intersections

The term ‘scenario’ is used in the safety field to designate a prototype or a model of an accident process characterised by chains of facts, actions, causal relations and consequences in terms of damage to people and property. The prototypical scenarios, properly realized, provide a basis on which to consider the action to be taken, but also a concrete backup for accident information for use in information campaigns or training. The objective of this study is to define the prototypical accident scenarios for a particular configuration of road intersection: the skewed intersection. Limited sight distance at skewed intersections leads to safety issues. A non-skewed intersection provides the best operating conditions as drivers can easily sense the direction in which they are travelling, estimate the speeds of the opposing traffic and smoothly complete a maneuver in shorter time. In skewed intersections, instead, the ability of drivers to recognize any conflicting vehicles diminishes in comparison to right-angle intersections. The logical-deductive approach used in this paper for the determination of accident scenarios is based on an analysis of a large database of incidents, which occurred on several roads in eastern Sicily on 35 skewed intersections at three-legs. The skew angle of the minor leg of all the intersections studied is between 15° and 20°. This research allowed to develop accident scenarios related to particular configurations of intersections, compatible with the Italian rules. Prototypical scenarios are constructed using samples of accidents occurring on a particular type of study area, especially when they are based on files from in-depth investigations. The method used is an inductive approach, based on an examination of each case, grouping together similar cases and building a prototypical scenario using this case grouping. From the in-depth analysis of database accidents 9 prototypical accident scenarios have been identified for the skewed intersections.     

BP神经网络在解决电力消耗问题中的应用

由于BP神经网络在解决非线性复杂系统中存在很大的优势,以江西省1991—2011年人口、经济和耗电量等数据为研究对象,利用BP神经网络构建耗电量预测模型。模型一利用1991—2009年人口、经济和耗电量等数据作为训练样本,以2010—2011年作为测试样本来验证网络的准确性,再根据历史人口、经济等数据来预测历史耗电量;模型二采用传统的多元回归分析法,对非线性多元函数进行多元线性回归,通过回归模型得到的参数来预测耗电量。结果表明,模型一收敛性较好,所得预测结果绝对误差较小,而模型二传统方法得到的预测结果误差较大,因此,利用BP神经网络预测的结果具有非常大的参考价值,证明BP神经网络应用在电力消耗中的应用是可行的。     

动车组前端钢结构吊装工艺研究

结合生产实际情况,对动车组前端钢结构的吊装工艺进行了研究,并提出了吊具的轿式设计方案。     

基于行政法与经济法双重理念的科技创新问题研究

循环经济以研发绿色新科技,整体改造产业链,充分利用资源,将废物转化为资源为发展思路。绿色科技既能为人类所用,促进社会进步,又保护生态环境,实现社会整体和谐,是科技创新的必然趋势。科技创新需要法律加以调节,以促进科技创新更好地服务于社会。行政法与经济法从不同视角优化科技资源配置,以新经济人为分析逻辑起点,寻求与绿色科技创新价值理念的双重统一,从而为科技创新给予具体的制度支持和法律保障。     

无碴轨道道岔区轨下基础受力分析

研究目的：本文以遂渝线12号无碴道岔道床为例，对12号无碴道岔的轨下基础受力和变形特性进行了分析，为无碴道岔道床的设计提供参考。 研究方法：根据多重叠和梁理论，运用有限元方法建立了无碴轨道道岔区轨下基础受力模型，针对无碴轨道板之间接触条件的特点，对无碴轨道道岔区轨下基础受力进行了分析。 研究结果：在同样荷载条件下，板层之间无紧密连接的无碴轨道的板层拉应力要大于板层有紧密连接结构的拉应力；当道床板层之间紧密连接时，道床板连续与否对道床板弯矩和路基面压应力影响不大。 研究结论：通过建立无碴轨道岔区道床有限元模型对岔区道床在列车荷载作用下的轨道响应进行了探讨，并分析计算了岔区分开式道床和连续式道床的道床板截面最大弯矩供设计时参考。道床板层之间紧密连接时，道床板连续与否对道床板弯矩和路基面压应力影响不大，故道床设计时可针对分开式道床和连续式道床的特点进行合理选用。     

预应力混凝土路面的温度应力分析方法

针对混凝土路面的力学分析通常采用弹性半空间地基模型，考虑到预应力混凝土路面的特点，采用板底摩阻力的迭代处理模型和多向影射无界元，提出用有限元-无界元耦合的方法计算预应力混凝土路面的应力和变形。计算结果表明分析模型是正确的，新计算方法具有结点数目少、精度高、便于网格自动形成等特点。     

无控制交叉口冲突次数的计算方法

本文用概率的方法,就无控制交叉口的冲突进行了研究,提出了冲突次数的计算公式并进行了讨论。     

集中式自适应网格IMMJPDA算法

现有的集中式交互多模型联合概率数据互联( IM MJPDA)算法在多模型这个意义上都是基于固定结构的,而固定结构多模型算法存在的缺陷这些算法都不可避免的存在.为此,将一种变结构多模型算法——自适应网格交互多模型( AGIMM)算法和联合概率数据互联(JPDA)算法相结合,提出了用于多传感器多目标跟踪的集中式自适应网格IMMJPDA( AGIMMJPDA)算法.该算法通过自适应网格实现模型集合自适应调整来克服固定结构IMMJPDA存在的缺陷.仿真结果显示,该算法可以有效克服固定结构IMMJPDA算法存在的缺陷,并提高IMMJPDA算法的费效比.