REVIT 软件在桥梁设计中的应用

欧特克公司出品的REVIT作为重要的BIM软件已经在建筑行业大放异彩,但是其在桥梁领域的使用依然较少。随着社会的不断发展,桥梁呈现出跨度越来越大,形状越来越多,结构越来越复杂的趋势。传统设计方法存在设计、校核工作量大,各专业之间联系较少的特点,越来越影响到桥梁设计的效率和成果的质量。探索将REVIT技术应用于桥梁设计,尝试以精细化模型代替传统的CAD画图,为提升桥梁设计效率和成果质量提出一种新的解决方案。     

Equivalent design pressure for ship plates subjected to moving slamming impact loads

When a ship navigates at sea, the slamming impact can generate significant load pulses which move up along the hull plating. The effect of the moving pressure has so far not been explicitly considered in the Rules and Regulations for the Classification of Ships. Based on a modal superposition method and the Lagrange equation, this paper derives analytical solutions to study the elastic dynamic responses of fully clamped rectangular plates under moving pressure impact loads. The spatial variation of the moving slamming impact pressure is simplified to three types of impact loads, i.e. a rectangular pulse, a linearly decaying pulse and an exponentially decaying pulse. The dynamic responses of fully clamped rectangular plates under the moving slamming impact pressure are calculated in order to investigate the influence of the load pulse shapes and moving speed on the plate structural behaviour. It is found that the structural response of the plate increases with the increase of the moving speed. The response of the plate subjected to a moving pressure impact load is smaller than the case when the plate is subjected to a spatially uniform distributed impact load with the same load amplitude and load duration. In order to quantify the effect of the moving speed on the dynamic load, a Dynamic Moving Load Coefficient (DMLC) is introduced as the ratio between the dynamic load factor for the moving impact load and that under the spatially uniform distributed impact load. An expression for DMLC is proposed based on analyses of various scenarios using the developed analytical model. Finally an empirical formula which transforms the moving impact loads to an equivalent static load is proposed.     

载重38 800 t散货船推进轴系轴承布置设计

通过有限元分析,选取Workbench作为平台,采用MOGA优化算法分别对尾管轴承和中间轴承的长度和布置位置进行敏感度分析,得到轴系设计过程中各参数的不同敏感度,同时计算轴承布置位置和长度与轴系最大应力关系,得到船舶轴系的最佳优化设计方案。     

柴油机增压器包覆层隔声性能试验分析及优化设计

提出一种船用增压器的包覆层结构,其内层为绝热材料和吸声材料,外层为金属薄片。采用统计能量法(SEA)建立该结构的中高频段隔声数值模型,开展包覆层的隔声试验,隔声量实测值与仿真结果吻合较好,能验证数值建模的有效性。对包覆层的吸声材料的厚度、密度和流阻等参数进行优化设计,利用正交试验法设计数值试验组,采用极差和方差分析法分析影响材料隔声性能的关键因素,得出最重要的影响因素是材料厚度,在选型设计中还应考虑密度和流阻因素。当安装厚度受限时,可通过改变密度和流阻值来提高材料的隔声量。     

复杂条件下城市下穿式隧道总体设计分析

下穿式隧道为提升城市发展质量提供了更顺捷和便利的交通条件。其总体设计不但影响路网交通功能的发挥,也制约着其它地下工程的空间布局,对地下空间资源的统筹利用意义重大。以南京市国际路隧道工程为例,分析了下穿式隧道周边复杂的工程环境,概括了下穿式隧道总体设计的关键要点,提出了相关地下工程协同设计的技术策略,可为类似条件下相关工程提供借鉴和参考。     

哈尔滨市城市交通拥堵原因及解决措施

城市交通拥堵问题表象在城市道路交通,其根源受城市的自然环境、气候、历史、规划以及市民岀行习惯等方面影响。全面、客观地分析总结了影响哈尔滨城市交通拥堵的原因,对解决城市交通拥堵问题进行了思考,并提出了建议和具体措施。     

基于有限元分析及理论计算的驱动桥轴头改进设计

文章主要介绍了某驱动桥焊接轴头开裂的改进设计过程。开裂位置为桥壳中段与轴头焊接处。通过分析讨论确定为轴头与中段焊接处壁厚较小且截面变化较大引起应力集中,从而导致焊接处剪切应力过大引起的开裂现象。改进方法为加大焊接处壁厚及将过渡处改为平缓结构。最后,通过Hypermesh分析改进方案前后轴头焊接处应力,并根据第4强度理论对危险截面进行应力计算,对比现有定型产品,最终确定改进方案。     

Environmental lumping for efficient fatigue assessment of large-diameter monopile wind turbines

Fatigue damage is one of the governing factors for the design of offshore wind turbines. However, the full fatigue assessment is a time-consuming task. During the design process, the site-specific environmental parameters are usually condensed by a lumping process to reduce the computational effort. Preservation of fatigue damage during lumping requires an accurate consideration of the met-ocean climate and the dynamic response of the structure. Two lumping methods (time-domain and frequency-domain) have been evaluated for a monopile-based 10 MW offshore wind turbine, both based on damage-equivalent contour lines. Fatigue damage from lumped load cases was compared to full long-term fatigue assessment. The lumping methods had an accuracy of 94–98% for the total long-term fatigue damage and 90% for individual wind speed classes, for aligned wind and waves. Fatigue damage was preserved with the same accuracy levels for the whole support structure. A significant reduction of computational time (93%) was achieved compared to a full long-term fatigue assessment. For the cases with 30° and 60° wind-wave misalignment, there was a mean underestimation of approximately 10%. Variations in penetration depth did not affect the selection of the lumped sea-state parameters. This work presents a straightforward method for the selection of damage-equivalent lumped load cases, which can adequately preserve long-term fatigue damage throughout the support structure, providing considerable reduction of computational effort.     

当代大型豪华邮轮功能与空间美学趋势研究

  目的  针对中国邮轮创意设计能力不足、承载欧美生活方式的艺术设计风格无法满足中国人审美需求的问题,开展融入中国元素的本土邮轮设计实践。  方法  首先,在分析中国游客消费特征和行为偏好的基础上,提出客舱选择、饮食方式、娱乐活动和购物消费等个性化的设计目标,完成邮轮功能设置分析和客舱空间设计;然后,将“鲲”形象作为中国文化创意理念来源,从整体轮廓、侧立面、艏艉部、烟囱、涂装和灯光设计等邮轮外形特征元素方面,进行功能舱室区划与外形匹配设计。  结果  从用户行为、文化创意、艺术风格等方面进行邮轮功能空间和外形设计探索,提出了概念设计方案。  结论  所做研究对于提升中国邮轮自主创新和美学设计水平具参考和指导意义。     

大连港矿石专用码头工程设计优化与创新

介绍在大连港矿石专用码头工程设计中结合工程自身条件和社会发展要求对总体布置、水工结构、装卸工艺及配套设施所进行的设计优化和创新工作。