我国铁路能源利用效率和节能减排分析研究

铁路是我国综合运输体系的骨干,对社会经济的发展具有基础支撑作用。通过铁路、公路、民航和水运等交通运输方式能耗的比较,铁路单位换算周转量能耗较低（仅比水运高）;通过分析全路机车牵引综合能耗情况、以及往年内燃机车、电力机车能耗情况,说明了铁路牵引动力结构的变化使铁路能源利用效率得到了提高,发展铁路运输对于改善交通运输业的能源结构及能源使用效率将起到积极的推动作用;铁路借助其在能效方面的比较优势,通过替代其他运输方式以及自身能效的提高从而达到节能减排的目的,对实现我国低碳经济做出了重大的贡献。     

TDJ2006分体活塞减速顶的研制及应用

介绍TDJ2006分体活塞减速顶的研制及试验过程,详述了该顶的具体结构设计。通过对该顶的结构特点及产品特性的阐述,说明了该顶是一种非常适合于我国重载运输发展要求的编组站调速设备。同时对该顶近两年来在国内外的使用推广情况进行了简单介绍。     

新建张家口至呼和浩特铁路、鄂托克前旗至上海庙线铁路的能源平衡与能效分析探讨

铁路建设项目节能评估涉及专业较多,用能体系、耗能设备和能源流动过程较为复杂。本研究以新建张家口至呼和浩特铁路和新建鄂托克前旗至上海庙铁路为例,对铁路建设项目用能体系进行了分类,并提出了铁路能效水平评估方法,旨在建立一个普适的、符合铁路实际情况的用能体系,以较好地反映铁路建设项目能源流动过程,并确立了以目的为导向的铁路能效水平评估方式。     

激光堆焊工艺在修造领域的应用现状及发展趋势

本文详细阐述了激光堆焊工艺在工业修造领域的应用现状及发展趋势,介绍了激光束的能源、输送和聚焦系统、堆焊材料及激光设备。重点说明了其在修造领域的应用工艺。     

高速铁路营业线新建车站施工安全技术研究

武广英德西站是我国第一个高铁营业线的新建车站工程,安全风险大、施工难度高。详细介绍了英德西站施工中有关安全方面的一些技术措施和安全管理经验,以供类似工程参考。     

大功率电力机车变形吸能元件加工难点及解决措施

对大功率电力机车的牵引缓冲装置变形吸能元件支撑板的功能、结构、主要工艺难点进行分析,介绍一种新型的加工工艺方法,大大地提高了其生产效率.     

锂离子动力电池在双能源机车上应用的可行性研究

文章介绍锂离子动力蓄电池在轨道交通领域的应用现状,重点研究锂离子蓄电池在新型双能源机车上应用的可行性和关键技术方案,明确了新能源机车研究的重要意义。     

数字式点火模块自适应控制的研究

采用了在常规汽油机上仅利用分电器输出的点火触发信号进行点火提前和点火能量自适应控制的方法；根据国家有关标准进行了自适应点火控制模块的软硬件设计，经道路和发动机台架试验证明该点火器能在一定程度上提高使用车辆的经济性。     

确定路基振动碾压次数的新方法

以能量原理为基础，根据欲使现场土体达到规定的压实度，现场土体吸收的压路机的振动压实能与室内标准击实试验的击实功相等的事实，建立振动压路机～土体系统动力学模型，解出动力学方程，运用数学方法求出振动压路机的碾压次数。     

Neighborhood services,trip purpose,and tour-based travel

Communities are increasingly looking to land use planning strategies to reduce drive-alone travel. Many planning efforts aim to develop neighborhoods with higher levels of accessibility that will allow residents to shop closer to home and drive fewer miles. To better understand how accessible land use patterns relate to household travel behavior, this paper is divided into three sections. The first section describes the typical range of services available in areas with high neighborhood accessibility. It explains how trip-based travel analysis is limited because it does not consider the linked (chained) nature of most travel. The second section describes a framework that provides a more behavioral understanding of household travel. This framework highlights travel tours, the sequence of trips that begin and end at home, as the basic unit of analysis. The paper offers a typology of travel tours to account for different travel purposes; by doing so, this typology helps understand tours relative to the range of services typically offered in accessible neighborhoods. The final section empirically analyzes relationships between tour type and neighborhood access using detailed travel data from the Central Puget Sound region (Seattle, Washington). Households living in areas with higher levels of neighborhood access are found to complete more tours and make fewer stops per tour. They make more simple tours (out and back) for work and maintenance (personal, appointment, and shopping) trip purposes but there is no difference in the frequency of other types of tours. While they travel shorter distances for maintenance-type errands, a large portion of their maintenance travel is still pursued outside the neighborhood. These findings suggest that while higher levels of neighborhood access influences travel tours, it does not spur households to complete the bulk of their errands close to home.