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排序方式: 共有2605条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
81.
Umberto Montanaro Shilp Dixit Mehrdad Dianati Alan Stevens David Oxtoby 《Vehicle System Dynamics: International Journal of Vehicle Mechanics and Mobility》2019,57(6):779-814
Connected autonomous vehicles are considered as mitigators of issues such as traffic congestion, road safety, inefficient fuel consumption and pollutant emissions that current road transportation system suffers from. Connected autonomous vehicles utilise communication systems to enhance the performance of autonomous vehicles and consequently improve transportation by enabling cooperative functionalities, namely, cooperative sensing and cooperative manoeuvring. The former refers to the ability to share and fuse information gathered from vehicle sensors and road infrastructures to create a better understanding of the surrounding environment while the latter enables groups of vehicles to drive in a co-ordinated way which ultimately results in a safer and more efficient driving environment. However, there is a gap in understanding how and to what extent connectivity can contribute to improving the efficiency, safety and performance of autonomous vehicles. Therefore, the aim of this paper is to investigate the potential benefits that can be achieved from connected autonomous vehicles through analysing five use-cases: (i) vehicle platooning, (ii) lane changing, (iii) intersection management, (iv) energy management and (v) road friction estimation. The current paper highlights that although connectivity can enhance the performance of autonomous vehicles and contribute to the improvement of current transportation system performance, the level of achievable benefits depends on factors such as the penetration rate of connected vehicles, traffic scenarios and the way of augmenting off-board information into vehicle control systems. 相似文献
82.
为了分析城市道路环境下高度自动驾驶中非驾驶相关任务和接管紧迫度对接管绩效的影响,基于驾驶模拟器设计了自动驾驶紧急接管场景并开展驾驶模拟试验,接管请求时间分别设定为3,4,5 s,非驾驶相关任务为读新闻、看视频、玩游戏,自动驾驶车速为50 km·h-1,试验中共招募了49名被试(男性30名,女性19名),被试的平均年龄为31.06岁(标准差为7.1岁),驾驶人在自动驾驶阶段始终执行非驾驶相关任务,听到接管请求提示后需要接管车辆的控制权,并实施紧急避让操作。研究结果表明:在紧急接管情况下,接管紧迫度对合成加速度和最小TTC有影响,而对接管时间无影响,与5 s的接管请求时间条件相比,3,4 s的接管请求时间条件下的合成加速度明显增加,而最小TTC则随接管请求时间的减少而降低;非驾驶相关任务对接管时间和最小TTC有影响,而对合成加速度无影响,与无非驾驶相关任务相比,非驾驶相关任务会显著增加接管时间和降低最小TTC;碰撞几乎都发生在3 s和4 s的接管请求时间下,5 s的接管请求时间能够基本保证接管的安全性。 相似文献
83.
To accelerate the diffusion of battery electric vehicles (BEVs), consumer preferences for different products and policy attributes must be determined. Although previous studies have investigated consumer preferences for some product attributes, including purchase price, operation cost, driving range, and charging time, limited studies have discussed the broader aspects of product attributes, such as battery warranty and depreciation rate. Moreover, market-oriented incentives, including the personal carbon trading (PCT) scheme and the tradable driving credits (TDC) scheme, can theoretically be effective alternatives to expensive purchase subsidies. However, there is a lack of empirical evidence that confirms the influence of these two schemes on BEV adoption. To fill these gaps, we conducted a stated preference choice experimental survey in China and investigated the effect of product attributes, existing policy incentives, and two emerging market-oriented incentives on BEV adoption. Our results reveal that along with the main product attributes, battery warranty has a significant positive effect on inducing mainstream consumers to adopt BEVs while no preference difference occurs among existing policy incentives after purchase subsidies are abolished. For young consumers, almost all incentives that reduce the operation cost (e.g., PCT) or increase convenience (e.g., TDC) can increase their adoption of BEVs. These findings can provide important implications for the government with regard to designing novel incentives and promoting BEV adoption. 相似文献
84.
85.
Bart Beusen Steven Broekx Tobias Denys Carolien Beckx Bart Degraeuwe Maarten Gijsbers Kristof Scheepers Leen Govaerts Rudi Torfs Luc Int Panis 《Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment》2009,14(7):514-520
In this paper the long-term impact of an eco-driving training course is evaluated by monitoring driving behavior and fuel consumption for several months before and after the course. Cars were equipped with an on-board logging device that records the position and speed of the vehicle using GPS tracking as well as real time as electronic engine data extracted from the controller area network. The data includes mileage, number of revolutions per minute, position of the accelerator pedal, and instantaneous fuel consumption. It was gathered over a period of 10 months for 10 drivers during real-life conditions thus enabling an individual drive style analysis. The average fuel consumption four months after the course fell by 5.8%. Most drivers showed an immediate improvement in fuel consumption that was stable over time, but some tended to fall back into their original driving habits. 相似文献
86.
文中对低温设备温差应力循环所产生的疲劳失效事故进行了分析,目的是防止低温储罐在使用中出现疲劳破坏。文中通过对失效低温设备断口形貌特征的勘察,采用断口分析、焊接缺陷分析、温差应力循环与疲劳载荷分析的方法,得出了低温液体储罐设备在使用中易出现疲劳失效模式的结论。同时,从设计结构、施焊控制、安全泄放装置维护等方面,对低温液体储罐疲劳失效提出了预防措施。 相似文献
87.
88.
大型C型独立液货罐Y型接头疲劳强度评估 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
随着C型独立液货罐的新技术发展,目前在工业界推出了采用双体罐和三体罐构造形式的新颖大型C型独立液货罐。由于双体罐和三体罐构造的要求,在相邻罐体连接处设有Y型接头。该Y型接头位置处由于结构件交汇,构造复杂、应力集中,在船舶运动、蒸汽压力变化,以及温度变化的动载作用下有可能发生疲劳损伤。本文对新颖大型C型独立液货罐Y型接头疲劳强度评估方法的规范技术要求及制定开展了深入详尽的研究,包括对C型独立液货罐疲劳损伤计算工况择取,液货内部动压力计算公式推导,蒸气压力、温度变化等低周疲劳载荷模式确定等,创新提出一整套基于热点应力的C型独立液货罐Y型接头的疲劳损伤评估方法的规范实施要求。进一步地,还推导了基于一般实际情况假设下的C型独立液货罐Y型接头疲劳评估筛分准则,并应用本文上述研究成果和结论,进行了双体和三体罐Y型接头疲劳评估和筛分准则的应用与验证。 相似文献
89.
针对钢板桩施工问题,以马来西亚槟城吹填二期(STP2)工程为例,对Z型钢板沉桩机具选型及沉桩工艺进行研究。通过对比3种国外常用的钢板桩沉桩阻力估算方法及含导向架和无导向架施工的实际应用效果,优选出适合沉桩的振动锤型,并总结出两种沉桩方法的优劣性及适用情况,总结陆上钢板桩作业涂层常见受损问题及修复措施。 相似文献
90.